HomeMy WebLinkAboutA History of Conservation in the Town of Mamaroneck 1948-2006 m .
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PhN,Ilis Wittner
Preface
My involvement in our local environment began shortly after my husband and I bought our home in 1963.
A few months after our arrival on Pheasant Run,then Supervisor Christine Helwig paid a house call and told
me that if I really cared about my environment,I should get involved. Our backyard overlooks the Premium
marsh and river, and I was interested in the early history of the area. In addition,home buyers at that time
were told that we had "beach rights" to a Long Island Sound beach off Pryer Lane (see Chapter 7- Pryer
Manor,The Premium River and Conservation Areas),and so my personal research began. Living in a tri-
municipal area with New Rochelle on one side of the road, the Town of Mamaroneck on the other, and
Larchmont just down the road brought me into contact with officials and staff from all three municipalities,
and perhaps of greatest importance,I met environmental advocates Mary Anne Johnson and Wallace Irwin,
Jr.
It was Wally who recommended me to Supervisor Caroline Silverstone and the Town Board for appointment
to the Larchmont-Mamaroneck Coastal Zone Management Commission(CZMC)in 1986(see Chapter 4-
Larchmont-Mamaroneck Local Waterfront Revitalization Program). I was fortunate to be elected to the Town
of Mamaroneck Board in 1996, and remained as liaison to the CZMC during the ensuing years.
I have tried to make this document as thorough and accurate as possible. No doubt there have been oversights
and I hope,not too many errors.
Were I to dedicate this work,it would be to my husband,Murray Winner. He has always been supportive
and understanding. He encouraged me in my undertakings and for this,I am grateful.
August 2007
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"There seems little doubt in the mind of your Committee that, after only six months of activity in the
Larchmont-Mamaroneck area, a wide public interest and enthusiasm exists for the conservation and open
space program. It is our hope that this is but the beginning of this activity so important to the future of the
Community". (Report from the Conservation Advisory Committee to the Town of Mamaroneck Board, February 11, 1965 by
Chairman Ranald Sclater.)
"We can through education, raise the aspirations of our present and future residents so that, in the
management of our community, they will make the kind of enlightened choices that will keep our town a
place where people can live and work in harmony with their environment a world to be admired and enjoyed
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as well as used". Christine K.Helwig, 1965.
Cover photograph:Egrets at the Premium River and Marsh,Murray Witmer.
• 11
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Table of Contents
Chapter 3 (continued)
A Cooperative Reservoir Nature Center 41
"`TM Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association 43
Chapter 1 History of Local Conservation
More About L.I.F.E. 43
Introduction 2 Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Year- 1995 44
Background 2 A Momentous Decision 45
Conservation: The First Steps 3
' Cross Count Lands Stud Committee 6 Synopsis of L.I.F.E. Happenings 46
County y Newsletters 46
Conservation Advisory Committee and Sheldrake River Trails 8 Nature Trails 46
Junior Naturalist Corps 10 Training 46
Hometown Beautification Project 12 Audio-Visual Programs 47
The Nature Council 13 Pre-School Programs 48
School Programs 49
Chapter 2 Conservation Advisory Committee/Commission Continuing Education 54
Conservation Advisory Committee 16 Summer Scholarships 56
The First Years 16 Library Exhibits and Programs 58
Environmental Education 17 Larchmont Library 58
Environmental Task Force 18 Hommocks Library 58
Conservation Advisory Commission 19 Mamaroneck Free Library 58
CAC Functions and Powers 19 Other Exhibits 59
Natural Resources Inventory 20 Community-wide Events 59
Larchmont Reservoir 20 Other Education 68
Conservation Areas, Parks and Cemeteries 21 Other Organizations 69
Environmental Advice to Government Boards 22 Assistance to Other Communities 69
Environmental Management Council(EMC) 24 Publications 70
Environmental Coordinator 24 Lobbying 70
Wetlands and Watercourses 25
Wetlands and Watercourses,Coastal Management 26 Chapter 4 Larchmont-Mamaroneck Local Waterfront Revitalization Program
Tree Preservation 27 Background 72
Street Trees in the Town 27 The Local Waterfront Revitalization Program 72
Recycling Programs 28 Larchmont-Mamaroneck Coastal Zone Management Commission 73
Paper Recycling 29 The Consistency Review Process 74
Glass Recycling 30 Highlights of Implementing Actions Through The Years 74
Leaf Composting 30
Aluminum Recycling 31
Community-wide Events Chapter 5 The Sheldrake River Area
Beautification Day 31 The Sheldrake Watershed 75
Storm Drain Stenciling 32 Larchmont Reservoir-Sheldrake-Leatherstocking Freshwater Wetland Complex 75
Summer Conservation Apprenticeship Program 32 Larchmont Reservoir James G. Johnson,Jr. Conservancy 76r
Land Use Planning and Housing 33 Larchmont Reservoir History by James G. Johnson,Jr. 76
Coastal Zone Management Commission 34 Larchmont Reservoir by Wallace Irwin, Jr. 83
Land Practice Guide 34 Gardens Lake 84
Description and Location 84
Chapter 3 Local Involvement For Environment-L.I.F.E. Center History 84
The Junior League of Larchmont 35 1970 Dredging 87
L.I.F.E. Center 36 1986-90 Dredging Project 88
L.I.F.E. and Friends of the Reservoir 40 1998 Dredging 88
Project Riverwatch at the Reservoir 40 Sedimentation Basin Project 89
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Chapter 5 (continued) Chapter 8(continued)
Gardens Lake Project 2006-2007 89 Greenway Community 118
Sheldrake River Restoration Projects Long Island Sound Watershed Intermunicipal Council 118
1997 90
2005 90
2006 91 Appendices
Canada Geese 92
Bonnie Briar Golf Club 92 Appendix I Environmental Articles and Photographs 120
Recreation Zone 92 Appendix II Cross County Lands Study Committee 122
Land Preservation 93 Appendix III Larchmont-Mamaroneck Nature Council 123
Appendix IV Junior Naturalist Corps 124
Chapter 6 The Hommocks Area Appendix V Weekly Journal Newspaper Articles-Indexed by year and topic 125
Background 94 Appendix VI Conservation Advisory Committee/Commission Members 139
Hommocks Land Committee 95 Appendix VII Appeal Letter 148
Hommocks Conservation Area 95 Appendix VIII Larchmont-Mamaroneck Citizens for Environmental Quality 149
Hommocks Salt Marsh 96 Appendix IX Environmental Task Force 150
Hommocks Salt Marsh Complex Including The East Creek Area 96 Appendix X Open Space-Town and Two Villages 153
Little Harbor Sound 97 Appendix XI Plantings 156
Treatment of Nonpoint Source Pollutants 98 Appendix XII Robert Hohberg Limnological Studies 157
East Creek-Gut Creek Watershed 98 Appendix XIII L.I.F.E. Members 158
East Creek Stream Restoration 99 Appendix XIV L.I.F.E. Center Newspaper Articles 168
Management Plan for the Hommocks Salt Marsh Complex 99 Appendix XV Recycling Poster Contest Winners 169
Appendix XVI Terrarium Contest 170 t
Chapter 7 Pryer Manor,The Premium River and Conservation Areas Appendix XVII Beautification Day Program 171
Early History of the Premium River and Mill Pond 101 Appendix XVIII Coastal Zone Management Committee &Commission Members 173
Local Government Actions Affecting the Premium Area- 1960's 101 Appendix XIX CZMC Highlights of Implementing Actions 176
Master Plan of Premium River Properties 103 Appendix XX Hommocks Land Committee &Open Space Action Committee 179
State and Federal Actions 103 Appendix XXI Premium River Coordinating Committee 180
Local Government Actions- 1980's 104 Appendix XXII Master Plan Committee Premium River Properties 181
The Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex 105 Appendix XXIII Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association Members 183
Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association(PPPA) 106 Appendix XXIV Premium Conservation Area Entranceway Plantings 186
Education
107 Appendix XXV WAC 4 Members and WAC 5 members 188 '^
The Premium River 108 Appendix XXVI The Streamwalk Program 190
Feasibility Study 109 Appendix XXVII Town Boards- 1934-To Date 192
Premium River Dredging Project 109
The Premium Conservation Area 1 l l Index 195
The Entranceway 111
Pryer Manor Marsh 112
Chapter 8 Highlights of Intermunicipal Cooperation
Background of the Watershed Advisory Committee Program 115
Watershed Planning 115
Watershed Advisory Committees 115
Watershed Advisory Committee 5 (WAC 5) 116
Watershed Advisory Committee 4 (WAC 4) 116
The Streamwalk Program 117
Westchester Greenway Trail 117
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Abbreviations
ACOE Army Corps of Engineers
BBL Blasland Bouck&Lee,Engineers
CAC Conservation Advisory Commission
Cac Conservation Advisory Committee
CEA Critical Environmental Area
CT Connecticut
CZMC Coastal Zone Management Commission
DEC Department of Environmental Conservation
DEP Department of Environmental Protection
DOP Department of Planning
DOS Department of State
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
GAPC Geographic Area of Particular Concern A HISTORY OF CONSERVATION
GEIS Generic Environmental Impact Statement
JLL Junior League of Larchmont IN THE
L.I.F.E. Center Local Involvement For Environment
LIS Long Island Sound
LISWIC Long Island Sound Watershed Intermunicipal Council TOWN OF MAMARONECK
LWRP Local Waterfront Revitalization Program
MHS Mamaroneck High School 1948-2006
MURF Materials Recovery Facility Recycling Center
NR New Rochelle
NY New York
NYS New York State Compiled and written by Phyllis Winner
PMMPA Pryer Manor Marsh Preservation Association 2001-2007
PPPA Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association
SDGEIS Supplementary Draft Generic Environmental Impact Statement
SEC Sheldrake Environmental Center
SEQRA State Environmental Quality Review Act
SWCD Soil and Water Conservation District(Board)
TOM or Town Unincorporated Area Town of Mamaroneck
USDA United States Department of Agriculture
VOL Village of Larchmont
VOM Village of Mamaroneck
WAC 4 Watershed Advisory Committee 4
WAC 5 Watershed Advisory Committee 5
WC Westchester County
WCC Water Control Commission
WGC Westchester Garden Club
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Chapter 1- History of Local Conservation a baby boom. This is the time when we find records of the TOM's interest and participation in conservation
matters. Protection and perpetuation of the Town's natural features and undisturbed areas remains a steadfast
Introduction policy of the Town government. "Protecting Our Environment",the motto of Town government since 1997,
has been the credo of Town Boards for at least fifty years.
This author's first attempt at writing a history of conservation in the Town of Mamaroneck (TOM) was
undertaken in 1997 for the publication of Mamaroneck Town:A history of the "Gathering Place"by Paula In an interview with a Gannett newspaper reporter,James Johnson,Jr. (also see Chapter 5) was asked how
Lippsett,M.D.,the volunteer Town Historian from 1996-2002. In the ensuing years,more data was gleaned the TOM became famous for its successful conservation efforts. He replied that the Town was blessed with
from files kept by former Councilwoman/Supervisor Christine Helwig, former consultant conservationist some visionary people like former Supervisors George Burchell and Christine Helwig,Lee Bloom,Clifford
Clifford Emanuelson, former Highway Superintendent Patrick Thomas Leddy, long time volunteer Mary Emanuelson, Martha Munzer and of course,his wife Mary Anne. We owe the pioneers and the dedicated
Anne Johnson, Conservation Department files and Town Board minutes. This document is a result of that
volunteers and elected officials of yesterday and today a huge debt of gratitude(see Appendices for names
additional research and is meant to present a more complete picture of conservation happenings in the Town. of volunteers throughout the years).
In addition,loose leaf binders have been assembled with newspaper articles and photographs compiled from
the previously mentioned files (see Appendix I). These binders are in the TOM Administrative Library. Conservation:The First Steps
Background Conservation and environmental education for Larchmont and Mamaroneck probably began in 1948 when
a group of private citizens attempted to have Rockland Woods set aside for conservation purposes.4
-�" To quote from Mamaroneck Town:A history of the "Gathering Place: "The Town's natural environment
includes woodlands, meadows, fields, freshwater and tidal wetlands, marshes, streams and ponds. Several The text shown in different type face in this entire chapter was written by Councilwoman Christine K.Helwig
waterbodies flow into Long Island Sound:Pine Brook and the Premium River bordering New Rochelle,the in 1965 and presented at a conference of The Pinchot Institute For Conservation Studies5 . Additional
Sheldrake River and East Creek (and in the Village of Mamaroneck (VOM), the Mamaroneck River remarks from other speeches by Mrs.Helwig are in italics. Footnotes have been added to expand upon Mrs.
bordering Harrison,Rye and White Plains.) Open space in the Town serves several major purposes:wildlife Helwig's comments,and in a further attempt to keep this history in a somewhat chronological order,text has
habitat,recreation,aesthetic values and flood control."1 "Within the Unincorporated Area of the Town,open been added.
space totals approximately 589 acres as follows: about 109 acres of Town-owned parks and conservation
areas,namely the Sheldrake River and Leatherstocking Trails,Hommocks and Premium Conservation Areas; Both lifelong residents and those who had chosen suburban Larchmont
or Mamaroneck for their home found plenty of open space for walking with
the handsomely landscaped Memorial Park;the Gardens Lake; and the Hommocks Fields.... the 12.76 acre
their dogs and for exploring and picnicking with their children. But in
Larchmont Reservoir Conservation Area, consisting of that portion of the Larchmont Reservoir-James G. the immediate post-war years the pressures of a booming metropolitan
Johnson Jr. Conservancy lying within the Town, Winged Foot and Bonnie Briar golf courses, a 6.74 acre region were quickly felt. Every buildable lot and many that were really
portion of the Hampshire Country Club and about 40 acres of undeveloped land(as of 1994)lying between unbuildable were filled. Large subdivision maps were filed and approved
2 and suddenly the living space we had taken for granted was shrinking
the two golf courses. before our eyes and many changes were threatening the kind of community
that we had sought for ourselves and our children. One of the most
Prior to 1900, the idea of conservation was hardly in the forefront of citizens' consciousness. Theodore significant and disrupting changes was the New England Thruway, 1-95, a
Roosevelt gave formal impetus to the conservation movement in the United States during his term of office high speed truck and traf f is artery built through the heart of Town
from 1901 to 1909.3 Hist e of conservation dealt with responsibility and restraint in managing natural bisecting residential neighborhoods and destroying several parks almost
YP P Y g g completely. Despite the havoc and the problems this highway created, it
resources as opposed to John Muir,for example,who was a preservationist: protect the earth from the hand did bring one compensating opportunity. A strip of land bisecting the
of man. Reform legislation began to appear despite disputes and setbacks and by the 1930's,public interest northern part of the Town which had been set aside in 1926 for future
in wildlife caught on. World War II brought complex problems and then by the 1950's,the United States saw development as a Westchester County Parkway was no longer either suitable
or necessary for this purpose. Becoming aware of the first rumors that
this land might be declared surplus by the County, the Conservation
I Mamaroneck Town:A history of the "Gathering Place",Phyllis Witmer,Chapter 25 Conservation.
2 Town of Mamaroneck-Village of Larchmont Local Waterfront Revitalization Program,amended 1994.
3 " 4We are coming to recognize as never before the right of the nation to guard its own future in the essential matter of Lifeline. LIFE Center(Local Involvement For Environment)Fall 1974.
natural resources. In the past we have admitted the right of the individual to injure the future of the republic for its
own present profit. The time has come for a change. As a people we have the right and the duty,second to none other 5 Gifford Pinchot was Theodore Roosevelt's chief advisor on natural resources. The Pinchot Institute For
but the right and duty of obeying the moral law,or requiring and doing justice,to protect ourselves and our children Conservation was dedicated in 1963 by President John F.Kennedy. It"is an independent,non-profit organization
• against wasteful development of our natural resources,whether that waste is caused by the actual destruction of such committed to leadership in conservation thought, policy and action with a mission to advance the conservation of
resources or by making them impossible of development hereafter." Theodore Roosevelt's remarks at a White House natural resources throughout the world". The Pinchot Institute was a joint project of the Conservation Foundation and
conference on conservation,spring 1908. the U.S.Forest Service. It was established as a center of conservation activity throughout the nation.
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Committee of the Larchmont Garden Club' went on record with the County Park
Planning, Park and Recreation Commissions of the County rather than a
Commissioner in favor of preserving the land in its natural state as a survey of just one place. This recommendation which included County-owned
sanctuary for birds and other wild life and for the enjoyment of the lands lying within the Town was taken to the Town Board for its approval.
people of the community. The Garden Club proposal was seconded Ultimately, the Westchester County Recreation Commission approved the
enthusiastically by other local groups, civic organizations, and
individuals.' The Larchmont League of Women Voters made a study of open request on Sept. 10, 1959.
spaces and recommended to the Town Board that these lands be preserved as
At a Town Council meeting on April 6, 1960, Supervisor Burchell reported
open spaces for recreation. on a meeting at New York State Thruway headquarters where he learned the
A Town Board resolution dated February 15, 1956 to the New York State procedure for the Thruway's disposal of surplus properties. Following
completion of a survey now being made of all such properties and an
Thruway Authority discussed the preservation of trees and subsequently led appraisal, municipalities would be given first consideration for acquiring
to a pre-construction conference. such properties for municipal use with a reverter clause. The Thruway
At the May 20, 1959 Town Board meeting, the Recreation Commission
Authority suggested that the Town send a letter stating its interest in
recommended to the Town Council that the area on the north side of Myrtle acquiring such parcels. Although such a letter had been written
Boulevard adjacent to what was Carl's Restaurant8, then being used as a previously, the Town Board unanimously agreed he should write again.
temporary parking lot, be reserved and set aside for establishment of a In 1960, the Westchester County Park and Recreation Commission, with great
recreation facility by the Town.9 The Town only had a five year lease on vision, recommended to the County Board of Supervisors a policy which gave
the property. Councilman Peter Kane then requested that the County do two first refusal on all surplus county lands to the municipality in which
surveys of the area in question, one based on the whole use of the such lands were located. In the adopted policy if such surplus lands were
property and one based on the use of part of the property. At a to be used by the municipality for park, recreation, or open space, the
subsequent meeting attended by Dr. Sal Prezioso, Director of the lands would be released for a token payment of $1.00. The deeds would
Westchester County Recreation Commission, a Mr. Pomeroy and a Mr. Schulman
of Westchester County and Councilwoman Christine Helwig and Superintendent provide that such lands would revert to the County if used for any other
of Recreation James Kronenberger for the Town, the County suggested that purpose and that a beginning on the development and use of the lands must
an overall survey of all lands and facilities in the Town be made by the be made within five years of the date of acquisition.
Pursuant to a recommendation made by a joint Survey Committee studying the
park and recreation needs of the Town, the Town Board requested parcels of
6 In 1950 under the Presidency of Mrs.Robert Straub and Chairman of the Conservation Committee,Mrs. land aggregating sixty-four acres from the County of Westchester.1' In
Dorothy C.Miller,the Garden Club initiated the movement and encouraged the Town to acquire from September,
Approximatelyy six
the Board of Supervisors approved this request.11
x acres of this land adjoined one of our long established
Westchester County the lands that were originally intended for an extension of the Cross County parkway. parks and was incorporated into it as a recreational area.12 Four acres
The following excerpts are from a letter dated May 27, 1959 from Mrs.George E. Stewart,President of the were in a part of the Village of Mamaroneck that lies within the Town.
Garden Club of Larchmont,Inc.to Mr.Charles Pound,General Superintendent of the Westchester County But the major portion, fifty-four acres of unspoiled land in a strip only
Park Commission:"We refer to our letter to the Westchester County Park Commission,dated January 11, 200 feet wide in most places but nearly a mile and three-quarters in
1954,and to its reply of February 18,with reference to a petition,forwarded by us at that time and endorsed length, ran through the unincorporated area of the Town from the New
by numerous other organizations,for the permanent maintenance as a"forest park" of the Cross County
Parkway right-of-way from Pine Brook Boulevard in New Rochelle to Saxon Woods Park in
Mamaroneck....We wish again to record with you and with the appropriate authority having cognizance of
the situation our continuing and intense interest in maintaining undisturbed the natural beauty of the area
and to express our confidence that,in the event of a possible,contemplated change in status,the
Commission would notify us through you in advance in the manner in which Mr.Haight stated it would do.
We will appreciate your assurance of this." t�March 1961-Ten families with thirty-five children living on Hillcrest Avenue and Edgewood Avenue petition the
Town Board to preserve land for recreational purposes;for example,Rockland Avenue Woods and part of the parking
area near Carl's Tavern to create a ball field. "The need for safe playgrounds is imperative in this growing
7 Civic officials were equally concerned about the need to acquire natural areas. While the Town had acquired land community". April 19, 1961-The League of Women Voters press release"Open Spaces Needed for Town of
for parks,it was in need of open space-naturally wooded areas. Developers were also vying for this strip but the Mamamroneck"reviewed the Town's efforts to acquire County-owned property in the Town which the County had
community rallied behind the open space need. About 40 civic organizations in the Town circulated petitions and declared surplus. May 10, 1961-The Town Board sent a formal request to the Budget and Appropriations Committee
supported the efforts to keep these lands in their natural state. of the Board of Supervisors requesting transfer of various parcels of County owned real property located in the Town
of Mamaroneck for specified purposes.
B Carl's Restaurant was adjacent to what is now Memorial Park and across the street from the Larchmont Railroad
Station parking deck. tt Also in September 1961,the Town Board received a Comprehensive Recreation Survey of the Unincorporated
Area and the two Villages prepared by the Westchester County Recreation Commission, Department of Planning and
9"We have directed the Superintendent of Recreation to take advantage of available free services of the Westchester the Park Commission(Sal Prezioso,Westchester County Superintendent of Recreation).
County Recreation Commission to make a survey and preliminary diagram showing how this area can best be utilized
as a year-round recreation facility". tZ Included were parcels adjoining Station Park and Memorial Park.
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Rochelle border on the west to the Mamaroneck Village line on the east. River flows through the property the County had intended to build a flood
deterrent reservoir. Engineers of both Town and County were consulted to
This Cross County Parkway residual land traversed a residential section. determine whether this use was essential to the future well being of the
It was bordered by fine, large homes built during the thirties, newer
Town. Careful study showed that flooding was not acute on this branch of
homes of the fifties, and a number of new subdivisions under development. the river and that, if the natural flood plain were not disturbed and
There was naturally great concern on the part of many neighbors, proper safeguards were instituted, flooding would not become a problem.
especially some of the newer neighbors who had been assured when purchas-
ing their homes that the woodland "would always be there", about the Similarly, many other proposed uses were studied and evaluated. Should
future use of the land and the effect that it might have upon their the central area of thirteen acres become a school site? Should the Town
privacy and their property values. relinquish this prime building land to developers in order to increase
assessed valuation in the unincorporated area; or, conversely, should
Cross County Lands Study Committee other adjacent properties be acquired to increase our open space? Could
the County bridle trail which once ran through the strip be reconstructed
In March of 1962, therefore, the Town Board appointed a broadly based and used to bring revenue to the Town? Would the area be large enough for
Citizen's Committee to study the Cross County Lands. This committee was picnic tables and fireplaces? Did we need tennis courts, ball fields, and
chaired by a member of the Town Planning Board, Mr. Lee H. Bloom. Re- other such recreational facilities more than open space? These and many
r..--`. presentatives were appointed from the Recreation and Park Commissions, the other questions were intensively scrutinized.
{: Villages of Larchmont and Mamaroneck, the Board of Education, the Parent-
p ,..#�"-� Teacher Council, the Garden Club of Larchmont, the Real Estate Board, the During this period of study, the Committee recommended that the Town Board
of Women Voters. take advantage of the professional services of the Nature Centers Division
Chamber of Commerce, the Woman's Club, and the League
Certain individuals who were neighbors of the 'strip' and members of local of the National Audubon Society. The Town Board appropriated the
serve. It was an extremely necessary funds for a survey to determine whether or not the Cross County
civic associations were also appointed to
led and charged Lands were suitable for a nature center and to draw up a program for
diverse, articulate, and powerful group which was assemb
needs of the future development. In November of 1963, the survey team from National
with the responsibility of studying both the area and the
community and of recommending appropriate uses and development of the land Audubon spent four days inventorying the resources of the area and
to the Town Board and the community. interviewing various boards and commissions. Through a large open
meeting, many of the civic organizations were consulted concerning the use
This Committee was concerned with all aspects of our environment -- the of the property. This study confirmed the Committee's opinion that the
rapid changes of the postwar era had affected the town in many ways. There great variety of ecological features provided an ideal educational
was more traffic, there were more people, more pollution of air and water opportunity and that there was overwhelming community support for
and the wooded areas, rocky slopes, even salt marshes were disappearing preserving the area in its natural state .
each day before the bulldozers. The changes were not just quantitative,
they were qualitative as well; the variety of bird life was changing, The resultant Survey and Nature Center Plan was submitted to the Committee +;
there were floods where there had never been floods before; there was more in January, 1964. Since this plan emphasized the importance of
soot on our laundry and much more noises at night. development of a center for both educational and recreational use, a sub-
committee was delegated to make a special presentation to the Board of
The Cross County Lands Study Committee worked on this assignment for Education. This program which utilized colored slides to illustrate the
almost two years. In the beginning a number of sub-committees were formed variety and the educational potential of the land in the Cross County
and each of these groups made a careful inventory of one section of the strip won the strong support of the Board and the school administration
strip. Once thoroughly familiar with the physical characteristics of the for a cooperative approach both to planning and to sharing of the costs of
area, the committee began a number of special studies. For example, in development.
the wider central part of the strip where the East Branch of the Sheldrake tT
The question was how to begin? Interest was high: volunteers were eager ti
to do something - but what? The Cross County Lands Study Committee in its
final report to the Town Board recommended that plans for the next steps
13 "The Cross County Parkway lands in the Town extend from the New Rochelle line in the area of the Bayberry must be made by a qualified conservationist in order to avoid the danger
of well-intentioned but inappropriate act ion.15 Fortunately the Town,
development off of Pine Brook Boulevard to the Mamaroneck Village line in the vicinity of Old White Plains Road
about 800 feet south of the entrance to Saxon Woods park,covering a distance of about 1-2/3 miles and an area of through the kindness of the Open Space Action Committee, was able to
53.65 acres. The strip has an average width of 200 feet except in the area north of Rockland Avenue between Woody employ Clifford E. Emanuelson as Conservation Consultant for the summer of
Lane and Winged Foot Drive,where for a distance of about 1,000 feet the strip has an average width of about 600 feet. `
The strip is cut by two well-travelled highways,Weaver Street and Fenimore Road,and by four lightly-travelled
streets,Highland Road,Winged Foot Drive,Avon Road and Country Road. The topography is irregular,with both
steep rock outcroppings and swampy areas,and the vegetation is heavy in most portions of the strip. Formerly,a bridle
path extended through most of the strip and a trail remains in a fairly well-defined state in the area from Highland Road
to Winged Foot Drive. The East branch of the Sheldrake River crosses the strip from Soundview Woods to Rockland 15 The Cross-County Land Study Committee recommended to the Town Council that these lands be developed by the
Avenue". Interim Report of the Cross County Lands Study Committee,June 5, 1963. Town and the school district jointly while sharing costs,that they be used for quiet walking and study,and that they
be called the Sheldrake River and Leatherstocking Trails Conservation Areas.
14 See Appendix U for members of the Cross County Lands Study Committee.
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strengthened. Learning becomes more complete,realistic, and functional
1964 .16 The Board of Education, through its summer curriculum development for the classroom enlarges into the world in such an outdoor environment.
program, appointed two science teachers, Sheldon Levine, Elementary
Science Consultant, and Harry Simon, high school biology teacher, to work With these objectives in mind, the study team designed the Sheldrake
with Mr. Emanuelson on plans for development of the nature trails." Trails to meet the educational needs of the school and the community as
well as to make optimum use of existing resources. Some parts of existing
Conservation Advisory Committee and Sheldrake River Trails trails were utilized but several new ones had to be constructed. The
The Conservation Advisory Committee (CAc) was formed as the result of the western side of the river had many fine examples of rock and soil
formations. This area, consequently, was made into the Geology Trail. We
Audubon Report recommendation and in order to facilitate implementation of
{....::, the Cross County Lands Study Committee's final recommendations. The CAc constructed a wall which serves the dual purpose of holding the trail in
�. , place and showing samples of the three basic types of rock. On the
worked closely with the consultant and his team during the summer of 1964
eastern side lay the foundation of an old farmhouse with several aging
(also see Chapter 2). apple trees and a nearby well. This area became the focus of the Farm
Trail. Between these trails flowed the Sheldrake River with its twists,
The primary objective set for the Consultant and his team was to develop turns, undercuts, and natural pools. On both banks of this river the
a community resource to enhance the teaching of science in the Mamaroneck River Trails were laid out to converge at the uppermost boundary of the
schools. However, as the study team found, there are an unlimited number area where a bridge across the Sheldrake was to be constructed. The
of important experiences which children could encounter and assimilate in progress of its construction was watched with great interest by the
the twenty-three acre central section of the land which the Advisory classes and the casual visitors already using the new resource. Near the
Committee designated as the Sheldrake River Trails. Subject matter from entrance, we placed an outdoor classroom with seats made of logs from a
the humanities and arts, social sciences, physical sciences, and fallen tree. Sections from the trunk of a large dead tulip tree made
mathematics could all be taught with additional potency and impetus. The seats at various points along the trails. Our use of phone poles, wood
processes of each discipline would be reinforced in this living laboratory chips and logs had two purposes- to preserve the natural appearance and to
for learning. Many of the threads which pervade several subject areas keep our costs low.
would certainly become more discernable and significant. These are
lasting learning experiences. One important aspect of the design is that the trails interconnect. Walks
can be long or short covering part or all of the area. A teacher can plan
The study team listed the following goals: for a trip exploring one trail or several trails. Furthermore, each trail -.
eventually leads to a town street. This provides a safety factor and is {
1. The development of an attitude and understanding of conservation. a necessary precaution against the possibility of visitors straying and
2 . A realization of the interrelationships between living things,
getting lost!
including man, and their physical environment.
3 . An understanding of the natural and constant changes in the Rather than using labels of any kind to point out features of the new
environment and a sober and salutary attitude toward this change. trails, the study team developed the concept of a self-guiding Walk Book
4. The strengthening of the senses through close and accurate observation. keyed to lettered posts sunk in the ground at various points along the
5. The development of a spirit of inquiry and the broadening of interests. paths. This was in accord with the objective of keeping the area as
6. The development of skills and interests related to the enjoyment and natural as possible. It also was designed to make a visit to the trails
study of the out-of- doors. an experience in discovery which would stimulate curiosity rather than
7. The development of rational abilities and mental processes through furnish answers. The sketches for the Walk Book were made by Mr.
stimulating and creative learning experiences. Emanuelson and the text describing the trails that were cleared, wood-
8. The discovery of the foundation and relationship of man's artistic and chipped, and marked by the fall of 1964 was written by the study team to
scientific achievement to the natural world. embody the learning experiences featured on each trail.
9. The development of positive social attitudes and relationships through
group activities. At the beginning of the fall term one thousand Walk Books were printed by
10. The development of sound bodies through activities and experiences the Conservation Advisory Committee.17 Both public and parochial schools
requiring dexterity and skill. were given free copies of the book. The schools' reaction was immediate
These objectives, while not complete, indicate why the Sheldrake Trails and positive. Many teacher groups employed after-school tours of the
. are a vital adjunct to the schools. The development of broad appreci-
trails. Numerous classes from the elementary and secondary schools made
ations, interests, concepts, attitudes, skills, and values can be fostered trips and spent hours discovering and enlarging upon basic concepts in
and enriched in this environment. The curriculum can be invigorated and this outdoor laboratory.
16 Councilwoman Christine Helwig worked closely with this group. Acting upon the recommendation of the
17 "....a 24-page Walk Booklet written by Clifford Emanuelson was prepared and 1,500 copies were printed.The
National Audubon Survey and the agreement of the Town with the County to commence the development of the lands booklet,published at no cost to the Town....was an immediate success. Thanks to newspaper publicity and general
for park and recreation use,at the July 1, 1964 Town Board meeting Mrs.Helwig recommended that Clifford public interest,numerous copies have already been distributed,most of which have resulted in 25-cents per copy
Emanuelson be hired as part-time planning consultant to the Nature Center project. donations."Conservation Advisory Committee Report Feb.8, 1965.
g 9
7
During this period of planning, the Advisory Committee met frequently with Although only twenty-two were enrolled in the first summer, the
the study team not only to consult on philosophy, objectives, and combination of work, study, and field trips to other natural areas was
policies, but also to formulate a budget for the maintenance and highly successful both from the point of view of the sponsors and of the
improvement of the area and to obtain a number of approved work plans for participants (see Appendix IV).
volunteer groups wishing to participate in the development of the trails.
One immediate project was the sponsorship of an Adult Education Course As part of its summer activity, the Junior Naturalist Corps cleared some
additional trails at Sheldrake and prepared new material to be included in
"Introduction to Conservation Education" which enrolled more than thirty21
the Walk Book. This work of revision was carried forward in the fall by
men and women who, either as group leaders or as individuals, were
interested in making a contribution to the new community program. One the thirty-two classroom teachers who enrolled in an Inservice Training
Course sponsored by the Board of Education. The concept of a self-guiding
long-range undertaking was the sponsorship of a Nature Council (see Appendix trail book remained the same but new trail descriptions and features were
III) as an independent organization of representatives of various groups who added.
wished to participate in the development of this and other natural areas.
A second long-range objective was that of keeping neighbors informed and The second edition of the Walk Book, now 36 pages, was financed jointly by
of soliciting their cooperation and support. To this end a letter the Town and the Board of Education. In the schools, Walk Books were
describing the plans and operations of the Advisory Committee was mailed given to each elementary teacher and to teachers and all science students
with a copy ofthe Walk Book to some 120 adjacent property owners in the in the junior and Senior High Schools. At the Town Office, Walk Books
a
fall of 1964. could be obtained for twenty-five cents.
Early in 1965, the Town Board and the Mamaroneck Board of Education were In 1964 and 1965, maintenance work on the trails had been done with labor
able to take advantage of the unique opportunity to become an action model borrowed from the Town Highway Department. Budgets for these years
under the new program of The Pinchot Institute for Conservation Studies. ($2,000 and $5,000 respectively) included provision for consultant
This service was the answer to a real need for expert guidance and advice services, for costs of printing, and for labor as needed. As the
which the Advisory Committee and the school administration felt was vital Committee looked toward 1966, it became evident that the trails needed
to the continuing sound growth of our program. Here again the pattern of more supervision and continued maintenance. Consequently, the budget for
sharing costs cooperatively enabled the Conservation Advisory Committee to 1966 requested the appointment of a part-time ranger-custodian. The man
obtain expert assistance in the physical development and maintenance of chosen for this job, Mr. Patrick T. Leddy from the Town Highway
the land while the Board of Education and the school staff had the Department, was an experienced tree man, had worked on all of the projects
services of Mr. Emanuelson for in-service training programs and for undertaken in the area, and had supervised volunteer clean-ups and other
curriculum development in the six schools of the district. activities in Sheldrake Trails.
Junior Naturalist Corps Though originally appointed to administer the fifty-four acres already
owned by the Town, the Advisory Committee soon became interested in the
Following this cooperative pattern, Mrs. Munzer started the Junior status of other open spaces in the Town and Villages.22
Naturalist Corps19 in the summer of 196521. This experimental program was
designed for boys and girls who would be entering seventh, eighth, or
ninth grade in the fall. A three-week morning program of exploration and Mrs. Helwig s remarks continued by mentioning improvements at what was to become the Hommocks
Conservation area(see Chapter 6). In addition,the Town Council received a letter from Mrs.Harold Block
work in the Sheldrake Trails was under the guidance of a science teacher
employed by the Board of Education who was assisted by two qualified concerning Town-owned land on Revere Road near the Thruway. She requested permission for girl scouts
science students employed by the Town. The youngsters who took part in from Mariner Troop 73 to be allowed to clean up and use the lot as a conservation project. The CAc
the program were recruited by a Sub-committee on Youth Employment of the recommended that the Town should accept the offer and allow the Girl Scouts to use the property with
Youth Council which was much interested in creating opportunities for restrictions upon fires and tree work. And now,back to Mrs. Helwig's remarks.
worthwhile volunteer work projects for young people in the community.
Resignations of two original appointees and the appointments in 1966 of
Alan N. Weeden, financial expert and ardent conservationist as Chairman,
and of Mrs. Rex W. Vincent, immediate past-president of the Larchmont
18 On November 18, 1964,the Conservation Advisory Committee(CAc)sponsored a forum at Mamaroneck High
School entitled Conservation Progress in Our Community attended by approximately 125 people. The CAc was able
to recruit volunteers for"the improvement of the Sheldrake River Trails Conservation Area and the possible
establishment of the Larchmont-Mamaroneck Nature Council". 21 The Corps also constructed a geology wall and a small dam to save water in pools that would be needed to sustain
marine life in times of drought.
19 This work-study program under the auspices of the U.S.Forestry Service was designed to develop local interest
in conservation and to demonstrate the interdependence of living things. 22 Initially,the CAC's charge was to help develop and maintain the newly acquired Sheldrake River and
Leatherstocking Trails Conservation Areas. In the ensuing years,the group became an important advisory body in the
20 1965-67 CAc and Town Recreation Department hired teachers Charles Marden Fitch,John Zappala and Stephen Town and its responsibilities grew. The Town Board expanded the Committee's membership to nine in January 1973
Wolff,and high school assistants for Junior Naturalist Summer Programs. and by November of that year,it became the Conservation Advisory Commission. (Also see Chapter 2.)
7 10 11
Garden Club, gave added impetus to this concern for preserving remaining
open spaces and for developing area-wide plans for the use of such lands. that, by the opening of school in the fall of 1966, each of the six
schools in the district had natural trails within walking distance. One
The first step was to establish contacts with neighboring communities
about open land under their jurisdiction. The Villages within the Town of the problems which had affected the maximum utilization of the
aSheldrake area was the necessary bussing of groups from all but the Murray
and the City of New Rochelle had land adjacent to open lands in which the
Advisory Committee was interested and which they hoped to acquire as Avenue School. Now teachers could plan trips more freely and on shorter
notice and had several different kinds of outdoor classrooms to visit.
r� conservation areas.
Hometown Beautification Project The Hometown Beautification Project was so successful that the Town applied again in 1967,and received
the funds to continue the program.
A tremendous step forward was taken in the summer of 1966 when the Town's
application for two work crews under Governor Rockefeller' s Hometown The Nature Council
Beautification Project was approved. This program provided state funds
for the salaries of twenty young men23 between the ages of sixteen and As classroom teachers made even greater use of Sheldrake and of the new
twenty-one to work on local conservation or beautification projects. trails, the need for trained people who could help prepare the class
Supervision, equipment, tools, and a plan of work were supplied by the beforehand and assist the teacher on the trip became evident. The
Town.
Committee appointed Mrs. Johnson and Mr. Levine to devise a course o
This program was utilized not only to improve the and to clear and repair instruction and to recruit a group of Conservation Aides. Twenty-eight
P 9 Y P p women, some of whom had been in the original adult class, responded to the
the Leatherstocking Trail which followed the path of the former County invitation and participated in a series of week day morning classes.
bridle trail from New Rochelle to the Village of Mamaroneck but also toAmong the activities were guided trips in each natural area in order to
develop four new natural areas. The four new areas are the Hommocks salt become familiar with its special features at various seasons.
marsh property owned by the Town, a natural area in Warren Avenue Park
along the Mamaroneck River and a four-acre plot of former County land on
Rockland Avenue bordering the Sheldrake River owned by the village of During 1966,the Nature Council headed by Philip S. Wood was formed to broaden the scope of activities
Mamaroneck, and a walkway in Kane Park along the Pine Brook owned by the beyond the Town. Its attention was directed to preservation of open space both in public and private
Village of Larchmont. In the first three areas circular trails designed ownership in the Unincorporated Area of the Town and the two villages. In addition, the Mamaroneck-
to give access to interesting natural features of the area were cleared Larchmont Heritage Inc. was formed with Co-Chairs Mary Anne and James Johnson, Jr. "for the express
and covered with woodchips. Telephone poles were used for steps in steep purpose of preserving and enhancing the natural beauty, character and appearance of the area and its open
places and for trail markers. River banks were repaired with logs where
erosion had washed away the soil. Culverts were repaired or constructed. spaces".�
The project was cooperative. Under the general guidance of Mr. Emanuelson Members of this group25 were responsible for a series of news articles
and Mr. Leddy, the crews on locations in the Village of Larchmont and the which appeared weekly in the Daily Times of Mamaroneck under the sponsor-
Village of Mamaroneck worked under the direct supervision of employees ship of the Nature Council. Mrs. Johnson coordinated the series of
which featured maps, described the
from the Park or Public Works Department of the Villages. This direct "Weekly Journeys in Nature's Trails""
cooperation produced an extremely important result. area generally, and discussed the plants and wildlife which could be found 1
there. These articles were written not only by the Conservation Aides but t
Although the Conservation Advisory Committee as appointed by the Town by other residents with special skills or knowledge. Three of the most
Board included residents of both Villages, only the Town Board and the interesting articles were written on the Mamaroneck - Sheldrake River t
Board of Education had appointed official liason members to work with the Watersheds by George E. Straub, Superintendent of the Joint Waterworks.
Committee. Now the Village of Larchmont appointed Trustee John E.
Forrest, a dedicated conservationist, as their liason and the Village of These articles attracted much attention from residents, many of whom had
Mamaroneck designated Robert E. Arbib, Jr. , an ornithologist of some note not previously known of the existence of the trails or of the activities
and member of the Village Park Commission, as their representative. These of the Conservation Advisory Committee. Furthermore, since the "Weekly
additions not only extended the scope of potential activity but
immeasurably strengthened the Committee itself.
A second extremely important outcome of the Beautification Project was 24 The Town Board enacted Local Law#3-1966"to regulate,protect and promote the orderly use of Conservation
Areas in the Town of Mamaroneck".
25 See Appendix III.
23 Project Crew#1-John Begansky,John Calvert,Donald Friedman,Robert King,James Morley,William Nicita,
Bruce Rosinoff,Albert Scherm,James Bruce Schwabach,Arthur Wood. Project Crew#2-Frank Bonacci,George W. 26 Also see Chapter 3. The Nature Council gradually folded into the L.I.F.E.Center as its trained Conservation
Bunn,Michael De Rosa,Harvey Fekeith,Harvey Grossinger,Howard Hamell,Marvin Raskin,James Rilley,Peter Aides spent more and more time with school education. They became the backbone of the L.I.F.E.Center's program to
Stuhlmiller,Robert Stuhlmiller. Two of these men subsequently resigned and Richard Grant and Carl Lambiasi were educate school children and adults in outdoor classrooms.
hired in their stead. The group served under the leadership of Tom Leddy,Frank Canonico(VOM)and Vito La Croce
(VOL). 27
See Appendix V.
12 13
r "
Journeys" covered not only the lands already in public ownership but also river, a salt marsh, or a gleaming seashore. But we can keep those we
open areas of ecological and educational value which are privately owned, have!" And we can also, through education, raise the aspirations of our
much constructive attention was focused on the need to maintain certain present and future residents so that, in the management of our community,
open spaces in their natural state. they will make the kind of enlightened choices that will keep our town a
place where people can live and work in harmony with their environment a
Another significant development, as the second inservice course for world to be admired and enjoyed as well as used." Thus ends Mrs.Helwig's talk
teachers in the school system met in the spring of 1967, was increased use at the Pinchot Institute.
of school grounds for classrooms. Early in the deliberations of the study
team in 1964, opportunity for outdoor education on the site of the new
Central School then under construction was noted. At the suggestion of Because of the success of the Town's conservation programs, the CAc served as an example to other
Mr. Emanuelson and the Chairman of the Advisory Committee the site plans municipalities. In 1967,an invitation was extended to tape a television show for WFIL Philadelphia,and so
were modified to retain a small natural area on the eleven acre school Cliff Emanuelson,Sheldon Levine,Mary Anne Johnson and Christine Helwig went to the recently developed
ground. As teachers became more interested in using the outdoor trails and took slides of the nature areas. The program,"Conservation Begins at Home" aired on March 4.
environment of their buildings as an educational resource, classes became
involved in such projects as clearing neglected 'paper' streets and Other events of note may be found under the heading Environmental Education in Chapter 2.
planting the space with donated flowers and tomato plants. Although some
of the first experiments were vandalized, interest did not fail. In the It is also remarkable and an indication of the foresight of the Town leadership that a Town ordinance was
spring of 1967 the Advisory Committee furnished 1, 000 small evergreens adopted which provided for setting aside 10% of the land in new developments for natural areas and/or
which were planted by conservation-minded classes at each of the vegetative screening of new homes.
elementary schools.
Projects for the development of walk books for some school grounds are now
under way. As part of their project work for the inservice course
teachers have also developed walk plans and inventories of the natural
features of parks, vacant lots, and certain privately owned areas which ,
can be visited by special permission.
In its fourth year of operation, the Conservation Advisory Committee has - Christine K.Helwig,first woman Supervisor of
a budget of $10,600. The major part of this budget is for maintenance. N , Town of Mamaroneck sworn in by Town Clerk i
With more than 60 acres of land and about three miles of trails open for Charles Gronberg.From left are Councilmen
year round use, the full time service of a Ranger-Custodian and some Vitalis Chalif,Raymond Faiola and Carl Nagel,
additional seasonal help are needed. Funds for plantings are also needed 1968.
although an increasing amount is being donated by individuals and organi-
zations for this purpose.
The Advisory Committee and consultant have wisely insisted that the growth
of the program be fostered through gradual increase of community
understanding of the educational and recreational values of open space.
At all stages the Committee has involved individuals and organizations in
the evolving programs; consequently, there is solid support for future
growth. Most important of all, the unique pattern of cooperation between Town of Mamaroneck Conservation Dept.archives
the Town and School District in planning and sharing of responsibilities
and appropriate costs has opened the way for more creative and
constructive uses of all open areas for the beriefit of children and adults
alike.
We believe that the results reach far beyond the direct activities of the
Committee. There are many evidences throughout the community of a new
Expanding the first Sheldrake River trails by
climate of concern about our total environment. Both public authorities
and private groups have sponsored programs which have engaged many proposing a Geology Trail.From left,Harry
enthusiastic volunteers in 'clean-up' or beautification projects. There Simon,Clifford Emanuelson and Sheldon
is certainly new awareness of our responsibility to preserve and cherish Levine, 1964.
precious natural areas that still exist and to reclaim damaged areas where
possible. There is new resolve to resist through sensible planning those
changes in our Town that would further destroy the quality of our
environment.
As stated in the Walk Book, "We cannot create a redwood forest, a wild
f14 Town of Mamaroneck Conservation Dept.archives 15
w M
Chapter 2- Conservation Advisory Committee/Commission or L.I.F.E Center,the Garden Clubs of Larchmont and Mamaroneck,the League of Women Voters attended
meetings along with residents interested in specific issues.
• Conservation Advisory Committee
As early as 1966,the CAc was appealing to residents not to dump leaves,grass cuttings,tree trimmings and
The five-member Conservation Advisory Committee (CAc) was formed on August 5,196425 by resolution other rubbish in the"few open spaces remaining in the Larchmont-Mamaroneck area".31 The quest for citizen
of the Town of Mamaroneck(TOM)Board and was one of the oldest of its kind in New York State(NYS). cooperation in preserving open space was an ongoing theme throughout the early and current history of the
Members served for a one year term. It predated by six years enactment of Article 12-F of the General conservation movement in the Town. By the end of 1966, natural trails were developed within walking
Municipal Law which authorized legislative bodies of any city, town or village to create a conservation distance of each of the six schools in the district and about 15 acres were added to the original 54 acres set
advisory council. It was formed as the result of the Audubon Report recommendations, and in order to aside for conservation education purposes.
facilitate implementation of the Cross County Lands Study Committee (see Appendix H) final
recommendations concerning the development and maintenance of conservation lands. CAc member Martha Munzer was an outspoken advocate for the formation of a Westchester County Soil and
Water Conservation District(WC SWCD)which occurred on February 27, 1967. In 1969,the Town and the
The First Years SWCD signed a Memorandum of Understanding. The District provided planning and review services by
technical experts in matters relating to soil and water conservation. At that time,the SWCD was staffed by
In its first years,1964-1965,under the Chairmanship of Ranald D.Sclater,the following major projects were WC and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Soil Conservation Service personnel. The
accomplished': TOM continues its relationship with the SWCD and can request technical reviews of significant proposed
• Patrick Thomas Leddy, a member of the Town Highway Department, was appointed Ranger- developments within its jurisdiction. The latter continues to be staffed by environmental professional staff
Custodian of the Sheldrake area enabling him to supervise improvements there, such as the from the WC Department of Planning. The SWCD is under the aegis of the Natural Resources Conservation
construction of a substantial foot bridge spanning the Sheldrake River, which was designed by Service and the USDA. Today the focus of the SWCD includes "protection of streams, floodplains and
Frederick Kellogg,the Town Engineer30. Mr.Leddy also performed preventive maintenance on the wetlands and management of land-disturbing activities to minimize impacts on surface water quality and
trails,culverts and major trees. stormwater runoff'including nonpoint source water pollution programming and watershed management.
• A 4' x 6' sign identifying the Sheldrake area was constructed and placed on Rockland Avenue
adjacent to the major trail entrance as well as small metal signs at various entry points denoting Environmental Education
"Conservation Area of the Town of Mamaroneck".
• To enlist the interest and support of youth and conservation-oriented groups and individuals in the Education was always a mainstay of the CAc. Early beginnings saw a type of exchange program which
community,members of the Committee sponsored and/or addressed a number of meetings. Those occurred in January 1967 when the Director of the New Britain Children's Museum toured the Sheldrake
of particular note included a gathering of approximately 125 individuals in the cafeteria of River trails to gather ideas for a nature trail in their city. At the same time,CAc members and their liaison
Mamaroneck High School(MHS)on November 18, 1964 where the Committee reviewed plans and Councilman Christine Helwig were gleaning ideas about establishing a nature interpretive center here. This
projects in connection with the Sheldrake and the conservation program in general,a second public was to be a reference center, and a place to examine and "do things".32 However, Consultant Clifford
meeting(January 25, 1965)of individuals and youth groups interested in projects at the Sheldrake Emanuelson advised that an Interpretive Center not be located at the Sheldrake Trails because of the latter's
during the spring and summer,a joint meeting of the Larchmont and Mamaroneck Garden Clubs on small size. He advocated having it housed in a school building or other centrally located facility.
January 14 where the Committee's plans and projects were explained,and the assistance of these two
important conservation groups was enlisted. Westchester County held its first Conference on Beautification and Conservation on October 10, 1967. The
Town and Yonkers were the only municipalities that prepared exhibits for this major event as all the other
"There seems little doubt in the mind of your Committee that, after only six months of activity in the exhibitors were either national, state or county agencies and departments or private organizations.
Larchmont-Mamaroneck area, a wide public interest and enthusiasm exists for the conservation and open Mamaroneck also participated in the workshop panels. Martha Munzer chaired the discussion on
space program. It is our hope that this is but the beginning of this activity so important to the future of the conservation education and Sheldon Levine,Mamaroneck Schools'liaison to the CAc was on the panel. Also
Community". (Report from CAc to the Town of Mamaroneck(TOM)Board February 11,1965 by Chairman working on the exhibit were CAc member Mary Anne Johnson and Councilman Helwig.
Ranald Sclater.)
Representatives of local organizations with environmental concerns,i.e.,Local Involvement for Environment Cooperation between the Town,the schools and the CAc was evident in December 1967 when a group of
Massachusetts educators spent the day in Mamaroneck looking at the Town's work in conservation education.
Coordinating the program were Councilman Helwig, science consultant for the Mamaroneck elementary
schools Sheldon Levine,Town Recreation Superintendent James Kronenberger,and the Director of Health,
28 See Appendix VI for members of the Conservation Advisory Committee and Commission. The CAc was the fust
environmental group established at the local level in Westchester County.
29 Second report of the Conservation Advisory Committee dated February 8,1965. 31 See Appendix VII.
30 In later years,Mr.Kellogg became the Village of Larchmont Engineer. 32 The Daily Times,Mamaroneck,NY,January 13,1967.
16 17
municipalities.36 The areas of concern were community health and education,solid waste disposal,air,water
Physical Education and Safety for the schools Emilio DaBramo.33 and noise pollution,land use and conservation,legal and financial resources.Subcommittees studied specific
•
The CAc, Pinchot Institute and Mamaroneck school system invited school administrators, teachers and problems and were free to draw other residents with expertise in these fields into the group.
government officials from throughout Westchester in May 1968 to a seminar on outdoor education and The group was meant to evaluate the present situation, recommend changes if needed, and possibly set
environmental studies.Termed an"action model",Mamaroneck demonstrated the use of the Sheldrake Trails priorities for the future. It was not intended that they undertake action programs.Much of the background
and other open lands as an invaluable resource for educational enrichment and recreational enjoyment. The information provided to the Task Force was drawn together by the Larchmont-Mamaroneck Citizens
action model represented joint planning and development of conservation areas,while sharing costs and the Committee for Environment Quality37 that worked with the CAC in sponsoring the four environmental
use of trained volunteers to integrate environmental education into passive recreation(also see Chapter 1). symposia.38
In 1970, the CAc, the Mamaroneck School System, the Larchmont-Mamaroneck Citizens Committee for It is particularly interesting to note that issues about noise pollution remain the same some thirty-six years
Environmental Quality34 and the in-formation Local Involvement For Environment35 (L.I.F.E. Center) later. The question, "can jets be made quieter?"brought the response that we hear today. Airlines have to
sponsored a series of four symposia on environmental quality dealing with water, noise, air pollution and spend money to make planes quieter;the technology is there,but airlines must be pressured into spending
population pressures. The lecture series was directed by Mrs. Benjamin Byers and Mrs.Edmund Swort. money for new planes.The 1970 recommendation for jets to be rerouted to fly over Long Island Sound(LIS)
in fair weather is still being advocated today, but we are dealing with far greater numbers of arrivals and
Cooperation between the Cac and the Conservation Advisory Commission (CAC) and the Mamaroneck departures from the four airports(Newark,La Guardia,JFK and Westchester Airports). Also noted was the
school system continued through 1974 to mutual advantage. This connection was reinforced by the presence noise from the Thruway(I-95)and the need for sound barriers.
of two members of the MHS faculty appointed to the Commission, by cooperation with the elementary
schools through the L.I.F.E.Center,by the attendance of one or more student observers at CAc meetings,and Conservation Advisory Commission
by the involvement of students in numerous environmental projects of value to the Cac and the community.
In return, the CAc's work, notably its support for the L.I.F.E. Center and its role in development of the As its responsibilities grew to encompass advising on all environmental matters as well as Community
Palmer Avenue Outdoor Environmental Laboratory was of continued value to the school system. Beautification, the CAc was expanded in January 1973 to a nine member trimunicipal committee with
In July 1974,the Town provided a new item in the CAC's budget for partial support of the L.I.F.E. Center, members serving a term of three years each and representing the TOM,VOL and VOM.
which also derived its support from the Board of Education. The Town's share of$350. a month, to be In November 1973, the Town Council redesignated the committee as the Conservation Advisory
administered by the CAC, would support a newsletter for distribution to all residents three times a year, Commission39(CAC)preserving its representation of the three municipal governments but placing it on the
covering environmental affairs in the community including activities of the CAC,a slide and information file same legal footing as a"conservation advisory council"under applicable New York State law,making it eh-
for use by the community covering its natural,historical and architectural features,and an information and gible to apply for certain categories of state funds. Continuing to meet with the CAC were representatives
reference center on environmental subjects. L.I.F.E. carried out many of the CAC's educational efforts in of the L.I.F.E.Center,the Garden Clubs of Larchmont and Mamaroneck,the League of Women Voters and
the ensuing years,and had a contractual arrangement to organize some community functions and educational the Larchmont Planned Parenthood Committee.40
activities.
CAC Functions and Powers
Environmental Task Force
The CAC charge was to conduct research concerning the land area of the municipality, and to keep an
The Environmental Task Force was formed from 1970-1971 as a technical advisory group with special inventory and map of all open areas,including"all open marsh lands,swamps and all other wet lands"within
expertise to advise the TOM and two Village governments, Larchmont (VOL) and Mamaroneck(VOM),
about various local environmental problems,and to develop a long blueprint for the entire community.They
were asked to recommend departments and/or laws to accomplish what was needed to be done.
The Task Force consisted of seventeen residents and six government liaisons representing the three 36 See Appendix IX.
37 See Appendix VIII.
33 Others involved with the program were Dr.Bernard Haake,School Superintendent,Dr.Calvert Schlick,Jr., 38
Assistant Superintendent,Robert Kraus,Mamaroneck Avenue principal,Mary Anne Johnson,secretary of the Correspondence by Supervisor Christine Helwig dated August 25, 1970.
CAC,David Stewart,Murray Avenue School principal,Milton Meiskin,Central School principal,R Thomas Leddy,
Town Ranger and Mrs.Richard Billington,conservation aide. 39 Under Article 12-F of the General Municipal Law,the CAC served within the structure of local government as
34 See Appendix VIII. advisory,coordinating,planning and reviewing agency to assist in the protection,preservation and enhancement of
the quality of the environment".
35 See Chapter 3. 40 CAC Annual Report for 1975.
18
19
the municipality with the plan of obtaining information pertinent to the proper utilization of such open lands Larchmont Reservoir Walkbook was completed in 1977.
owned by the State, any other municipality or by the particular municipality itself. It was to seek and
coordinate the activities of unofficial bodies organized for similar purposes and to cooperate with other According to the CAC Annual Report for 1975, "The large reservoir was lowered by 3 feet below the
official municipal bodies active in the area of community planning. It filed an Annual Report with the three
spillway to give some relief from flooding along the West Branch of the Sheldrake River as it flows eastward
into the Duck Pond in the Town and thence into the Mamaroneck River in the VOM". Throughout the years,
local governments,and once approved,with the Department of Environmental Conservation(DEC).
the Reservoir Flood Control program has been key to giving some relief from this problem.
Also established in 1973 on 3.5 acres opposite the high school on Palmer Avenue was the MHS
During 1979,the VOL Board was contemplating the sale of the Reservoir. By November of that year,the
Environmental Outdoor Laboratory. This was developed by CAC staff in cooperation with the Palmer Friends of the Reservoir Committee was formed. L.I.F.E.members and other residents of both the VOL and
Avenue Civic Association and students in the high school Environmental Studies class. the TOM opposed to the sale of the Larchmont Reservoir property began circulating petitions in support of
October 23, 1976 saw the creation of the Christine Helwig Tree Nursery located on the Leatherstocking Trail preserving the natural areas around the lake.
between Country Road and Old White Plains Road in Mamaroneck, a fitting tribute to an individual who The early history of the Larchmont Reservoir authored by Wallace Irwin,Jr.is found in Mamaroneck Town:
raised environmental consciousness throughout the Town. The nursery was stocked with saplings for future A history of the "Gathering Place"by Paula B.Lippsett,M.D. Mr.Irwin also wrote Larchmont's Reservoir:
shade tree plantings. A Conservation Story. It is because of the CAC's involvement with the preservation of the Larchmont
When they became a Commission,the responsibilities of the group gradually escalated and were divided
Reservoir that two historical essays are included in this work. The story of saving the Larchmont Reservoir
is best told by James Johnson,Jr. and Wallace Irwin,Jr. in Chapter 5.
among the members. The following topics covered most of their endeavors from 1973 until the CAC was
disbanded" in 1996(see Coastal Zone Management Commission below). Conservation Areas,Parks and Cemeteries
Natural Resources Inventory The CAC was responsible for maintenance and development of ten public conservation areas(see Appendix
X). In addition to routine maintenance,each year saw special projects like building catwalks,planting trees
The Town-wide Natural Resources Inventory initiated in 1973 progressed with the assistance of two Senior and creating signage. Other routine conservation activities in 1973-74 included spraying of mosquito
Girl Scouts,Jenny Marion and Anne Sterbenz. They were helpful in the completion of grids not completed breeding areas and supervision and maintenance of plantings on school property and throughout the
by volunteers. They compiled data and assisted with the development of composite maps as well as community. School projects involved many students and served both environmental and educational
coordinating these materials to fit in with the county-wide inventory which was to be used as the basis for
purposes.
county environmental planning 42
Inventory maps were completed,presented,and accepted in 1976 and then revised in 1977. The inventory
In the 1970's the Commission had a visit from Eric Fried,biologist of the Bureau of Wildlife,New York State
took the form of a basic map with four colored acetate overlays for visual presentation,and an accompanying (NYS)DEC. After inspecting the Hommocks43 and Premium Marsh44 areas,he told the Commission that he
open space index. The basic map was drawn to a scale of V = 400', giving streets, boundaries and 25' considered these areas invaluable and made suggestions for preserving them.
elevation contours for the entire area of the Town. It was multi- colored to indicate public and private
conservation areas, public parks, private clubs, historical sanctuaries, private undeveloped lands, upland In September 1975,the Premium Marsh Conservation Area came under the sole responsibility of the CAC.
During that time they sought to clarify boundaries,right-of-way claims etc.in order to protect the area against
wetlands,tidal marshes,and environmental hazardous areas and their contributing causes. The inventory was encroachment.
a major tool both in the current and future environmental management of the TOM. It became Mamaroneck's
contribution to the comparable inventory conducted by WC. Town crews continued to maintain the conservation areas and cemeteries throughout the years as they do
today, and conservation apprenticeship crews helped with special projects in the summer. They were able
Larchmont Reservoir to accomplish repairing catwalks,woodchipping trails and parking lots,and general cleanup. Misuse,littering
In 1975 the Larchmont Village Board dedicated the 12.76-acre portion of the Larchmont Reservoir lying and encroachments by homeowners seemed to be ongoing problems throughout the years. Appropriate signs
within the TOM as a conservation area under the jurisdiction of the CAC. The CAC planned and had built were posted and litter receptacles were added. Education was advanced by signage,newspaper articles and
trails and bridges in 1975 and 1976 to enhance its usefulness for education and nature walks. The first personal contacts on field trips.
In 1982,the CAC requested that all conservation areas and parks be dedicated by the Town Board to insure
their protection. The following resolution was subsequently passed by the Town Board:
41 Throughout the years,the CAC served the important function of acting as liaison to municipal Planning and
Zoning Boards and to environmental organizations.They wrote many position papers as advocates of
sound environmental practices.
43 See Chapter 6.
42 Town of Mamaroneck Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report for 1974.
44 See Chapter 7.
20 21
7
Resolved, that Memorial Park, Larchmont Gardens Lake, Hommocks Fields, Sheldrake River Trails, During the late 1980's,the CAC lobbied for enforcement of the NYS pesticide law and worked at educating
Leatherstocking Trail,Hommocks Conservation Area and Premium River Conservation Area,in accordance the public,gardeners and land owners where runoff would especially affect the LIS watershed. Other matters
with their respective descriptions, are formally dedicated by the Town Board of the Town of Mamaroneck receiving its attention were a review of the Town's Tree Preservation law(see Tree Preservation below),
for parks and recreational use on this 14th day of September, 1983.45 advocating for mandatory newspaper recycling(see Recycling Programs below),protection of conservation
areas,and educating boaters about not having paint and oil wash into waterways including the harbor.
Nine old cemeteries were also placed under the jurisdiction of the CAC. They developed a plan to designate
and preserve these mostly small burial grounds as historic places. During the fall of 1975 the nine cemeteries The chief issue in 1980 was that of an application to allow helicopter landings in the TOM. The Commission
were designated as"historical sanctuaries"and the responsibility for their care and maintenance was assigned held a field test of actual landing procedures and wrote a report to the Town Council describing and
to the CAC. Some of these family burial sites date back to the 17th Century (see Appendix X). Quiet recommending that SEQRA procedures be followed. The Commission also began a review of existing noise
walkways and grounds cleanups were immediately started.
ordinances for all three municipalities and expected to make recommendations for modifications the
following year.
In 1982 the L.I.F.E. Center included the cemeteries in their beautification program and area Scout Troops
"adopted"the cemeteries as on going projects. In the ensuing years several Eagle Scout projects helped with In 1986,the CAC watched construction activities in adjoining communities which impacted the tri-municipal
the overall care of some of the cemeteries. In 1988,maintenance of the cemeteries was handled by ARC,the region. The CAC was able to achieved a workable solution to the siltation problem caused by the
Association for Retarded Children. Today, the historic cemeteries are maintained either by the TOM construction of the Cherry Lawn Condominium development in NR. Improvements to the siltation basin
Highway Department or by employing private contractors. dramatically reduced the excess mud and silt which continually flowed from the site onto roadways after
rainstorms. As a preventive measure,the CAC also recommended that silt which collected in the basin be
Studies of all of the conservation areas continued to be conducted by CAC members who then developed removed and that ongoing maintenance be conducted 47
recommendations for protecting their natural beauty and educating the community about the proper "The CAC also participated in hearings and commented on the environmental impacts involving the Emerson
enjoyment of these special places. Point Estates development in NR,the plan to develop the historic Jay Property in Rye,the Golden Horseshoe
Environmental Advice to Government Boards development in Scarsdale and the Davids Island development in NR. In addition,the CAC monitored a major
oil spill stemming from the MacLeay Housing Project in NR which contaminated the Pine Brook and
During the fall of 1974,the CAC developed more intensive working relations with the Planning and Zoning Premium River waterways....while seeking reparative actions and preventive measures.""
Boards of the TOM and the VOL. The CAC routinely received notices of applications pending before these
bodies and was given the opportunity to comment. Substantive suggestions on environmentally sound 1987 brought consideration of numerous projects in the two villages and the town:
planning were made to the Larchmont Planning Board for the Larchmont Nursery property on the Post Road
and for the Larchmont Reservoir. The Commission representatives urged that the entire reservoir property Sheldrake River Flume:The TOM was faced with having to make an immediate and difficult decision about
should be preserved as an open space conservation area. whether to approve initial investigations by the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers for the placement of a cement
flume in certain portions of the Sheldrake River to alleviate flooding. Ultimately,the CAC joined the more
1976 saw continued correspondence regarding the problems and possible adversed impacts to the Premium moderate view which opposed the flume. While recognizing the need for flood control,it was noted that a
marsh connected with a proposed Tennis Center at the Larchmont Nursery property. Also under discussion cement flume would cause severe environmental disruptions.
was a proposed"7-story apartment building on the Guadognolo property located in a natural drainage area
between North Chatsworth Avenue,Myrtle Boulevard and Fifth Avenue where drains join or feed into drains Gardens Lake dredging_project(1988): This one and a half acre man-made pond was dredged in 1970. By
carrying Pine Brook waters into problem areas in Larchmont Village."16 Today this is the site of 35 North 1987,the water depth was only 1.8 feet and it was projected that dredging would produce an average water
depth of 4 feet. The CAC unanimously agreed that dredging was needed to insure the lake's critical function
Chatsworth Avenue condominiums. as a flood control mechanism. The dredge spoil was to be disposed of by transporting it to an approved
The State's Environmental Quality Review Act(SEQRA)was originally due to become effective on the local landfill as advocated by the CAC. They also recommended the installation of catch basins to minimize the
level in the fall of 1977, and therefore local legislation had to be drafted to implement SEQRA. The CAC need for future dredging projects(also see Gardens Lake in Chapter 5).
played an important role in both the state and local processes. Ultimately,the Unincorporated Town and the Fenbrook subdivision:Another project of note was the proposed 30 acre,32 unit single family development
two villages adopted local legislation. off Fenimore Road. The CAC made various recommendations regarding protection of freshwater wetlands
and water courses with a view towards flooding and erosion and siltation controls. The CAC recommended
preservation(or restoration)of a buffer strip along the water course that transects the Fenbrook subdivision
45 On July 19 and August 23,2000,the Town Board specified the Block and Lot numbers for the above mentioned
sites,and added Block 103-5,685 Weaver Street,the former Monroe Nursery School now known as the 47
Mamaroneck Environmental Resource Center,to the list of dedicated conservation and parklands. Various Conservation Advisory Commission Reports
46 Conservation Advisory Commision Annual Report for 1976. 48 CAC Annual Report 1986.
22 23
7
I R
i
and feeds into the East Branch of the Sheldrake River,retaining native wetland vegetation,and discouraging remain as a consultant for part of 1987 to assist Claudia Ng,his well-qualified replacement. He will also
lawns running to stream edge in order to protect the stream from fertilizer and pesticide pollution. They also remain available thereafter to lend his knowledge and skill when needed."
urged enforcement of the Flood Damage Prevention Law which restricts construction within twenty feet of
the top of the stream bank including fill. Ms. Ng became the first person to work full-time in the Conservation Department. As Environmental
Coordinator,she worked for the CAC and CZMC(also see Chapter 4)on a daily basis along with her other
Coughlin Office Building project at 178 Myrtle Boulevard. responsibilities. She proved to be an invaluable,untiring working resource. She left Town employment to
advance her career at the WC Department of Planning in May 1993. Towards the end of 1993, Eve
Environmental Management Council(EMC) Nudelman Bocca was hired as the next Environmental Coordinator followed by James Athey,Jr. In the year
2001, Elizabeth Paul became the fourth Environmental Coordinator. She continues to serve and in 2006
The CAC hosted a very successful day-long EMC seminar during April 1987 about drainage basin and stream became the Town's Environmental Planner.
corridor management. The District Manager for the SWCD discussed basin management techniques. A
landscape architect described site development considerations and problems from a builder's point of view. Wetlands and Watercourses51
The Assistant Commissioner of the County Health Department discussed the effect of concentrated
commercial and industrial development on water basins. The lectures were followed by on-site tours of the Ecological research begun in 1973 by Drs.James Utter and Paul Steineck of SUNY Purchase continued in
Mamaroneck and Sheldrake River basins to illustrate the effects on these rivers on open land, highly the three salt marshes at Greacen Point in the VOM,the Hommocks Conservation Area(see Chapter 6)and
developed industrial areas, and office park development. Approximately 40 people from throughout the Premium Marsh (see Chapter 7). Ultimately their reports were published in 1975, thanks to private
county attended to learn firsthand how planning and management decisions affect a stream corridor and water donations.
basin.49
The CAC knew that the preservation of ecologically viable streams and wetlands in a highly developed
"Concern over pesticides and nonpoint source pollution prompted the CAC to investigate ways to inform the environment, subject to numerous political and administrative jurisdictions, presented many difficult
public about environmentally sound practices for gardening and landscaping. A subcommittee of the CAC problems of research,monitoring,maintenance,administrative coordination and legal control. However,they
was formed to write several articles for the"On the Town"newsletter.Each article covered topics that were
appropriate for the seasonal newsletter mailed to residents.... Topics included advice on composting,
continued to concern themselves with various aspects of this complex problem. Important legislation did information on winter plant care,reduction of pesticide and herbicide use and lawn maintenance."50 occur in 1976 with the passage of local Freshwater Wetlands Laws by the Town and two villages. Also in
that year, the CAC made recommendations to the NYS DEC for adjustments to tidal wetlands maps that
The early 1990's necessitated comments about the Town's Litter Law and proposed amendment to the Tree would accompany the soon to be enacted NYS Tidal Wetlands law.
Preservation Law. The CAC also commented on the Draft Environmental Impact Statement(DEIS)and the Monitoring of water quality in major watercourses at 16 check points began during 1974 under the
Final and Supplemental EIS for the proposed Recreation Zone encompassing the golf courses. The DEIS and supervision of Robert Hohberg,a biology teacher at MHS,who was assisted by his students and the Town's
FEIS for the subdivision of a 3.78 acre private property known as the Diforio lands on Weaver Street adjacent Ranger-Custodian. Mr.Hohberg was hired by the TOM as a water monitoring consultant. The procedure,
to the Larchmont Reservoir also occupied a great deal of time. In addition,the Town Board requested input
on various surplus lands:Jason Lane(sell),Myrtle Boulevard(do not sell)and Gatehouse Lane(do not sell). when fully developed,monitored trends in the presence of various organisms,oxygen,algae,and pollutants.
The sampling protocol tested for hardness,carbon dioxide,chloride,and alkalinity(and emulsified oil and
coliform analysis as needed). A routine was established for sampling the Larchmont Reservoir,the East and
Environmental Coordinator West junctions of the Sheldrake River, Gardens Lake, East Creek, Hommocks Marsh, Pine Brook, the
Premium River,Premium Mill Pond and Manor Park.52 By 1983 testing was also being done at Warren Park,
As was noted in the Chapter concerning the early history of conservation in the Town, Clifford E. Columbus Park,the mouth of the Mamaroneck River and Harbor Island in the VOM. This data proved itself
Emanuelson was hired in 1964 to serve as a conservation consultant to work with teachers Dr:Harry Simon to be veryuseful in pinpointing problems see below). Coo Cooperation of NR was sought and received regarding
and Sheldon Levine to lay out trails and work on curriculum for the high school and elementary schools. p p g p ( p g g g
Robert I. Komitor,Chairman of the CAC stated:......the year 1986 was marked with the retirement of Cliff 51 Pursuant to Local Law No. 1, 1976,the Town's Freshwater Wetlands Act, four members of the CAC and a
Emanuelson,our most knowledgeble conservation consultant who has served the Town and the CAC over volunteer hydrologist sat as the Freshwater Wetlands Commision/Water Control Commission within the CAC
the last 22 years. Cliff s guiding hand has helped in shaping and overseeing the exceptional environmental beginning in 1979. Its function was"to help safeguard the Town's wetlands,watercourses,and rainfall drainage
policy which this community has developed over the years and which has gained state-wide respect. Cliff s systems". They worked with the Town's Engineering Department on problems dealing with drainage and water
contributions can be seen throughout our community and will be forever appreciated. Fortunately,
Cliff will control. The Commission conducted water monitoring, held educational meetings with residents,sought advice,and
investigated and advised the Town and Villages regarding water control issues,particularly as they concerned the
Premium,Sheldrake and Mamaroneck Rivers,the Larchmont Reservoir and all wetland areas. The Water Control
Commission was disbanded with the creation of the Coastal Zone Management Commission in 1986.
49 Irma Volk,CAC Annual Report, 1987.
52 Appendix XII contains a list of Hohberg's limnological studies. Copies of the Hohberg reports are found in the
so Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report 1990-1991. TOM Conservation Department library.
24
25
oil pollution problems with a view to ascertaining the source of unlawful pollutants in storm sewers and private, to be encouraged; describe the proposed means for revitalizing
streams that cross the Town line. As a result,the Ranger-Custodian began a program of water sampling in the waterfront; describe state and Federal actions necessary to implement
local objectives; work with community-based groups, government agencies
that area. The water monitoring program continued through 1986 although Mr. Hohberg continued to be and others to achieve a consensus on the best program for the community;
consulted on an as needed basis. and obtain formal approval from the local legislative body and chief
executive officer.55 (Also see Chapter 4.)
The Water Control Commission(WCC)was established in 1983 under the Town's Freshwater Wetlands Act
to help safeguard the Town's wetlands,watercourses and rainfall drainage systems.53 The five member WCC In 1986, the CAC established a working relationship with Operation Riverwatch, a study eminating from
met concurrently with the CAC. It remained active until the CZMC was formed in 1986. SUNY Purchase designed to learn more about monitoring the health of waterways.
Other observations b concerned citizens and students brought a number of water pollution situations to the
1988-91 saw a noticeable increase in sources of point pollution in East Creek. This information was turned Y g
over to WC and the VOL for correction. Both entities dealt with the problem requiring replacement of sewer CAC's attention and to that of the appropriate regulating authorities. Notable among these efforts was a study
lines which would help greatly in improving water quality not only in East Creek but in Little Harbor Sound of pollution in the Sheldrake River by a group of Mr. Hohberg's students which revealed an exposed and
cracked sewer line in the river bed. The CAC brought the matter to the attention of VOM officials who
and Larchmont Harbor as well. subsequently took corrective action. Another example was the Blood Bros. auto wreckingfirm on the
q Y P
Mr.Hohberg continued his work by conducting a chemical and biological study during the summer of 1989 Sheldrake River in the VOM. Legal proceedings were taken by the State Attorney General's Environmental
at the Larchmont Reservoir. His conclusions were that the Reservoir met the NYS standards for an A rating Protection Bureau on the basis of information provided by the CAC and the L.I.F.E. Center. The two
in best usage. "Therefore, with proper treatment, sedimentation and filtering, this water source would be continued to monitor compliance through the years.
usable as a drinking water resource.i54 1990 saw water testing at the Sheldrake River from the Larchmont
Reservoir to Gardens Lake (also see Appendix XII). Tree Preservation
1985 saw the adoption of a law Code of the TOM Chapter 207 to eliminate the unnecessaryremoval of trees
Mr. Hohberg retired as a Chemistry teacher at MHS in 1993. For many years he involved his General which often accompanies development or expansion. Trees exceeding 6 inches in diameter t a height of four
Chemistry and General Biology students in research projects which monitored the Town's estuaries and P P P g g
marine surface waters. Some of his students continued to research the Premium River and Pine Brook(see feet measured from the ground and on a lot of greater than 20,000 square feet were subject to review and
Chapter 7). These preliminary findings led him to focus his summer 1993 project on these waterways taking issuance of a permit by the Tree Preservation Commission. The latter consisted of the Environmental
samples at thirteen stations from the Premium Marsh,Premium River,and Pine Brook up to Beechmont Lake Coordinator,Building Inspector,Highway Superintendent and two members of the public with knowledge
in NR. The CAC continued to oversee water monitoring for the next few years with the cooperation of Dr. and expertise in arboriculture. This law was amended in 2003 because enlisting volunteers to visit sites in
Myrna Thomas, the high school Science Department, and teachers at the Hommocks School and Murray timely fashion proved to be inefficient in managing this ordinance. Another responsibility of the CAC was
to advise about the selection and placement of all Town trees and shrubs,as well as maintaining an inventory
Avenue School. and management plan for the care and improvement of municipal plantings.
Wetlands and Watercourses Coastal Management-Elinor Fredston
Street Trees in the Town
New York's Coastal Management Program was authorized in 1982 to provide
technical, financial and procedural assistance to local governments in Throughout the years,Town trees were pruned along street curbs to remove dead and hazardous branches.
preparing waterfront programs and projects. The VOL and TOM, recognizing "The purpose of this program is to maintain the efficiency of existing street lighting and to insure maximum
common needs and borders as well as the unique opportunity to cooperate,
joined forces to develop a coastal program which coordinates local safety to motorists and pedestrians by preventing the possibility of falling tree limbs". The takedowns were
objectives for development, preservation and restoration. A broad-based then cut into manageable lengths and made available at the Town Yard as firewood for residents.
committee was formed, applied for state funding and in March 1983 each
community was awarded a $5000 grant to be used to develop a Local "The Town was designated as a Tree City USA for the first time on April 24, 1992 with a ceremony held at
Waterfront Revitalization Plan. The committee has been meeting a minimum Memorial Park. In order to sustain this designation a municipality must meet the following requirements:
of once a month, for the scope of the work is vast. . . . (1)have a tree planting program;(2)have a tree ordinance and tree commission;(3)celebrate Arbor Day each
Some of the basic steps involved in preparing a master plan are: inventory year; (4) spend a certain amount of money on trees every year. A planting program was begun in May to
and analyze natural resources and development opportunities; establish the replace diseased trees and the Commission drafted a letter to be sent to residents who had a tree planted in
boundary of the waterfront area; establish local objectives for front of their property explaining how to care for theoungtrees. A town-wide tree inventory,organized b
revitalizing the waterfront; identify uses and projects, both public and Councilwoman Kathleen O'Flinn and employing twenty-six volunteers, was completed in September `92,
identifying the species,number,condition and age of all the Town's trees. The NYS DEC loaned a forester
53 CAC Annual Report 1980. Also see Appendix VI for names of members.
54 CAC Annual Report 1989. 55 CAC Annual Report 1984 and 1985.
26 27
to help with the final report. It was discovered that the Town has a greater variety of species than originally and to conduct studies of public participation. (For example, students in Mrs. Kennelley's MHS
thought and a lot of trees need attention.,56 The Town continues to be recognized as a Tree City USA by the environmental studies course made a house-to-house survey in the TOM and VOL.
• National Arbor Day Foundation. As the recycling program evolved,the income it produced fluctuated. For example,in 1975 tax savings of
The CAC developed a brochure for a"Trees for Our Town"program which began in the spring of 1995 and approximately$97,200 were realized through recycling of paper,glass and leaves. 1976 saw tax savings of
continues today. The program seeks donations for the planting of street trees with commemorative plaques approximately$110,133 through the recycling program while in 1977,the net savings was$164,968. 1980
recycling of glass, paper and leaves produced a net savings of$99,899, $71,104 in 1987 and $51, 848 in
in plantings.)honor or memory of a special person or event. (See Appendix XI for an insight into early town-wide 1988. However,the process always brought a savings by reducing the cost of garbage disposal at the County
pl
plants.
Recycling Programs57 From its inception,education was critical to the program. Both the CAC and L.I.F.E. spent untold hours on
NYS introduced waste reduction mandates in 1988 before the legislature adopted the NYS Solid Waste many forms of publicity-displays,programs,slide shows,flyers and the like not only to encourage residents
Management Act in 1989. Municipalities were now required to have recycling programs in effect by
to recycle, but also to explain the problems of"contaminating" recyclable loads. In 1981, L.I.F.E., the September 1992. The mandate from NYS's Solid Waste Management Act that every municipality have a Larchmont-Mamaroneck Joint Garbage Commission and the CAC called upon the Larchmont Community
mandatory recycling law gave impetus to the formation of a Tri-Municipal Recycling Taskforce in 1989. It of Girl Scouts' ten active troops to survey five hundred families (fifty per troop)to determine if they were
was composed of members of the CAC(one being Susan Cavalieri the L.I.F.E. Center Vice President),the recycling paper, glass and aluminum. Eileen Mason was the Girl Scout Conservation Consultant, Susan
Joint Sanitation Commission58 of the TOM and VOL, representatives of the VOM, members of L.I.F.E. Amlicke was the L.I.F.E.contact and CAC member. We still find the need today to convey the importance
Center(Sigrid Davis and Jane Berger),the Town's Environmental Coordinator Claudia Ng and community of not mixing the bad with the good and thereby contaminating a load.
volunteers. In order to promote recycling,the Town and Villages adopted many consistent policies. They
began with mandatory newspaper recycling as a way of complying with the NYS law and later instituted Paper Recycling
curbside pickup of small metals such as tin cans. In 1971,a group known as Citizens for Environmental Quality(CEQ) (see Appendix VIII)recommended
that the two Villages and the Town undertake a joint newspaper recycling project because recyclable paper
With a grant from the DEC and WC,the Task Force prepared a booklet,A Practical Guide to Recycling in
Mamaroneck and Larchmont which addressed the subjects of recycling and source reduction. It was mailed products were estimated to comprise 30-40%of household waste and are easily separated.This suggestion
to all residents of the three municipalities. Publicity and education now took on a professional look with was endorsed by the CAC and approved shortly thereafter by the municipal boards. Under the jurisdiction
posters and a recycling guide sent to every resident. LMC-TV produced a video,and newspaper advertising of the VOL and TOM Joint Sanitation Commission,once a month curbside collections of newspaper began.
was employed. In 1990,trimunicipal laws were written for mandatory newspaper recycling. The VOM also joined in paper recycling.
At that time,the WC landfill was at Croton Point,some thirty miles from the Town. It was rapidly reaching
In 1972, newspaper collection was turned over to a private contractor, thus reducing pickup, hauling and
capacity and County plans called for closing the landfill and construction of a garbage-to-energy plant in the dumping costs, but not producing income. As this appeared to be the least economical way of collecting
city of Peekskill. While in 1975 the municipalities were paying $7.50 per ton for every ton of garbage newspaper,municipal workers resumed pickups the following year and once again newspaper was sold. The
CAC recommended establishment of a newspaper collection depot at the Town Yard to supplement curbside
dumped at Croton,by 1980 the figure reached$12.00. "The county's overall solid waste management plan
proposed putting substantial emphasis on local source separation programs. A"user fee"method of financing pickups,and in 1974,the depot opened for business. Over time,increased participation prompted a change
the county's waste management operations had been adopted,giving municipalities a clear financial incentive in the curb-side collection schedule to twice a month,and the program was expanded to include all recyclable
to minimize their refuse tonnage through local source separation". paper,collected both at curbside and at the depot.
The CAC's role in the recycling program was to assist and advise the TOM administration about recycling, New developments in 1975 included the fact that prices for waste paper which had fallen in 1974 began torecover and reached$20 a ton by the end of 1975;MHS inaugurated an in-house paper recycling program
to support the recycling program through education and publicity,to periodically inspect the collection depot, and for the first time there was a special post-Christmas pickup for residences and businesses. In 1976,paper
pickups were initiated in the business district followed by collections at the schools. Beginning in January
1977,the Larchmont-Mamaroneck Joint Garbage Disposal Commission began weekly curbside pickup of
56 Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report 1992-93. all paper by reducing garbage collections from three to two days per week,thereby freeing Wednesdays for
the collection of recyclables.
57 This section is adapted from the writings of Wallace Irwin,Jr.and Thomas and Susan Amlicke in numerous CAC Recycling in 1982 was working well until national economic problems affected the demand for waste paper.
Annual Reports. Suddenly,in August the Joint Garbage Commission was faced with 30 tons of mixed paper a week that no
one wanted. Their previous buyer abruptly went out of business. Another firm said it would only buy
newspapers,but no mixed paper. The decision was made to change to newspaper collection only to keep the
58 The Town of Mamaroneck and the Village of Larchmont combined their garbage disposal services into a Joint ro am going. Of course the changeover re uired re-educating the public,a large job in and of itself.
Sanitation Commission in 1972.The Commission consisted of the Town Supervisor,the Mayor of Larchmont,a p g gq g p g
Secretary-Treasurer,an attorney,and an administrator who at that time was the Larchmont Village Engineer. By 1988 a more favorable recycling contract resulted in additional recycling separation of corrugated
28 29
r
Aluminum Recycling
cardboard and qualified the municipality to apply for a NYS grant for recycling equipment. Efforts turned
to public education in order to maximize the economic benefits made possible by the new contract. Mid year Attempts to create a Town-wide aluminum recycling program failed largely because of the need for
of 1989 began a expanded corrugated program,The program made possible pickups of cardboard from local separation and clean containers. As a result, the CAC looked to the schools for assistance. The Murray
businesses on Saturday mornings. Today,mixed paper,corrugated cardboard and newspapers are recycled. Avenue elementary school had a successful recycling program which started in 1970. Under the supervision
of teacher,Hy Papierman,students collected aluminum and stored it in the school basement or in a bin at the
Glass Recycling Town Yard. Reynolds Aluminum picked up the metal when approximately 2,000 lbs. accumulated.
Revenues from the sale of aluminum were used to buy library books on ecology and environmental education,
With the help of the CAC, in 1969 MHS students participating in ROW(Recycle Our Waste begun at the and incentives were given to the students. That program lasted for 13 years and was discontinued when
high school by teacher Herbert Golden) and SWAMP (Students Working Against Man's Pollution) returnable container legislation was passed state-wide. The Hommocks Middle School,under the supervision
established what was thought to be the first glass recycling depot in WC. Residents brought glass to the of Robert Kurz,also participated in the aluminum recycling program.
Town Yard on Saturday mornings and the students smashed the glass in large drums and sold the resulting
"cullet."The program required a large number of hard-working volunteers and by the summer of 1971,the Community-wide Events
ROW project was forced to close down for lack of workers.
Beautification Day
The CAC persuaded the Town to establish a municipal recycling program for glass based on the well-run
system used by Briarcliff Manor. The decision was made in December 1971 to establish a recycling program The yearly Beautification Day cleanup was organized by L.I.F.E. in cooperation with the CAC (also see
using the Town Yard as the site where residents could deposit glass separated by color (clear, green and Chapter 3). Probably the first Beautification Day held by scouts and adult volunteers in the Town occurred
amber) into 20-yard containers supplied by an independent contractor. By April, 1972, the program was in the early spring of 1965. It was called "Conservation Clean-Up Day" and its program was to remove
operational. debris(old bed springs,oil drums etc.)from the Sheldrake area.
Although the program can be considered a success,it was beset by a number of persistent problems,such as: The 1974 annual Beautification Day cleanup produced 4,900 pounds in the Town and 3,800 in Larchmont
metal caps and rings left on bottles,unwashed containers,glass thrown into the wrong containers,non-glass Village. The April 1975 Beautification Day cleanup involved 26 groups of volunteers, ranging from
refuse such as boxes and bags thrown into the collection bins;any of which caused entire loads to be rejected elementary school children to senior citizens who covered 19 acres and collected 7.5 tons of debris while
at the factory. These rejections meant that carefully collected, recyclable glass had to be dumped at the 1976 saw 500 volunteers.
county landfill with the Town not only losing revenue but paying a tipping fee as well. In addition,broken
glass was a problem in the depot area roadways. Steps were taken to educate residents about the proper Although it rained on Beautification Day 1981,475 volunteers picked up 6000 pounds of debris.
method of glass recycling and a worker was hired to monitor the area on Saturdays-the busiest day of the
week at the Town Yard. During the week, full-time Town employees keep the area clean. It was noted in 1982 that all of the conservation areas and cemeteries were included; several Scout groups
adopted cemeteries as ongoing projects, and several Eagle Scout projects dealt with improvement of the
Leaf Composting conservation area trail systems. A total of 455 volunteers from the garden clubs,church groups,Chambers
of Commerce,Litter Task Force,scouts and others collected 7 tons of trash. The"Penny-a-Bottle Program"
The escalating costs of hauling leaves and dumping them at the county landfill provided the impetus for a collected 9,200 bottles 159 In addition,volunteers planted 40 azaleas at Chatsworth Avenue School.
municipal composting program. Beginning in 1971, the TOM and VOM had a joint operation of leaf
composting at a site on Taylors Lane in the VOM. Leaves were raked to the curb for pickup by Town 1983 saw 343 workers from civic groups as noted above collecting ten and one-half tons of litter and trash.
employees who dumped the leaves into open trucks for delivery to the composting site. From July 1973 The"Penny-a-Bottle Program"was continued.
through July 1974,leaves were collected from an 8-square-mile area,spread in windrows,turned,shredded
and treated with lime and nitrogen. The operation cost the Town $10,000, as opposed to the previous In 1990-1991,the CAC again co-sponsored with L.I.F.E.the annual Beautification Days held each spring and
approximately $90,000 cost of hauling and dumping the leaves at the Croton Point landfill. In addition, endorsed the National Beach Cleanup Days held in the Fall. The CAC participated in the annual Coast Weeks
topsoil produced by composting was used for regrading in the municipalities and a portion was sold for celebration co-sponsored by the Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association(see Chapter 7)and
$1,900. The net saving from this operation thus came to $81,900. In 1980, the net savings to the L.I.F.E.(Chapter 3). Also in 1991,members of the CAC manned a booth at the Waterfront Environmental
municipalities was $43,125;in 1984 it was$50,000. Fair held at Harbor Island and sponsored by the Rotary Club of Mamaroneck. The CAC also participated in
Larchmont's Centennial parade. The spring Beautification Day and the fall International Beach Clean-up
By 2000,WC adopted a Source Separation Law that required that all fall leaves be separated from garbage Days were continued in 1992 and 1993.
and recycled. However, spring leaves, grass clippings, brush and logs were a problem and were being
collected with the garbage. With new state regulations from the DEC classifying the former as "non- The twenty-first Annual Larchmont-Mamaroneck Beautification Day cleanup was held in April 1994. Over
processible" at the Charles Point Resource Recovery Facility, the County proposed a Solid Waste District 2,300 children and adults from the VOL,VOM and the Unincorporated Area filled bags with litter and debris
Organic Yard Waste Program which would enable municipalities to transfer organic yard waste at a much from more than 25 parks and conservation areas. Girl Scouts, Cub Scouts, Little Leaguers, families,
lower rate than the current garbage tipping fee. Our three municipalities were on board with the new program neighborhood associations,garden clubs and students all volunteered to make the day a success.
before it was mandated in 2001.
59 Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report 1982.
30
7 31
47=
1990 marked the twentieth anniversary of the first Earth Day. To commemorate the occasion, the CAC
organized an outdoor fair which was held on April 22, 1990 at the Larchmont Reservoir/James G.Johnson, helped add a new trail at the Larchmont Reservoir/James G.Johnson,Jr.Conservancy by extending the trail
Jr.Conservancy. "The fair was a tremendous success.There were 36 booths/exhibits with almost as many at the top of the dam to Dennis Drive in NR,providing a lovely walk along the northeastern front of the Lake.
community organizations participating.These booths,as well as distinguished speakers,musicians,puppets Approximately a dozen arborvitae and a dozen white pine were planted along the first part of this new route.
and animal shows all advocated protection of the environment.Children were able to plant flowers and tree In addition,these students assisted in trail maintenance and catwalk and bridge repair at both the Reservoir
seedlings with the help of volunteers and a consultant forester. A highlight of the day was the "Tee shirt and the Sheldrake River Trails62(also see Chapter 5).
designing"booth,which allowed children to create their own Earth Day shirt to be worn in the future as a
reminder of the day. Tours of the 1929 Filter Plant and the Westchester Joint Water Works continued 1988 saw a sizable turnout of applicants for the the summer program. "The crew was expanded to allow for
throughout the afternoon. Videos enhanced public awareness in the area of recycling.... Local merchants six students to participate: James Amlicke, Matthew Burke, Molly Dougherty, Natalie Hirsch, Jean-Paul
generously donated refreshments for this day that had an estimated attendance of 3,000 to 4,000 people!.... Plumez and Kirsten Treumen. In spite of the excessive heat of the summer,the students re-woodchipped and
pruned back the Sheldrake/Leatherstocking Trails and removed debris and discarded brush. They helped fix
CAC members Sandy Feldman and Michael Scheffler were responsible for organizing this event."6o
some of the catwalks at the Hommocks Conservation Area and assisted in the further improvement of the new
Storm Drain Stenciling Dennis Drive trail at the Larchmont Reservoir. In addition to the crew work, Matthew Burke, an
environmental science student at SUNY Plattsburgh,drafted a trail guide for the new Trail."
The storm drain painting project was sponsored by the New York Sea Grant Extension Program to promote
awareness of the direct link between the storm drains and LIS. Plastic stencils with the message, "Don•t High school and college students continued to be hired for summer work to help maintain and improve all
the conservation area trails and the Larchmont Reservoir. In 1989 the crew consisted of James Amlicke,
Dump -- Drains to L.I. Sound," were provided by Sea Grant. Volunteers were organized to stencil VOL
storm drains during the spring of 1992,and TOM drains were done in the summer of 1993. John Zappalla, Michael Astle,Molly Dougherty,Thomas Nealon and Kirsten Treuman.
a teacher at the Hommocks School, organized the stenciling storm drain program in the VOM. The
intermunicipal organization LISWIC (see Chapter 8) reinstituted storm drain marking in 2005 by using Six students were hired for 1990's summer conservation work: Natalie Hirsch, Thomas Nealon, Ralph
colorful disks that are glued to the metal surface with the"Don't Dump"message in English and Spanish. Powers,Davnet Conway,Zachary Stein,and Victor Burgett. The five students hired in 1991 were Samantha
Sanders,Carolyn Munno,Jeffrey Tarrantino,Devra First and Andrew Shabasson. Despite the extremely hot
Summer Conservation Apprenticeship Program61 weather and the difficulty of the task, the crews worked hard and performed excellent service for the
community. Also in 1991 Hommocks Middle School students Jordy Rosenblum,Michael Cirillo and Michael
The CAC established a Summer Apprenticeship Program for high school and college students to help Gorman, Service Club members, helped create and produce a sign urging protection of the marsh at the
maintain the conservation areas. The six-week program was started at the Larchmont Reservoir in 1983 with Hommocks Conservation Area. 63
$6,000 in funds donated to the Town. The program was administered by the CAC under the guidance of
Clifford E.Emanuelson,Consultant. Five participants were selected from twelve applicants:Michael Novicki The Summer Conservation Program continues to this day to be very successful in helping maintain the trails
who served as foreman, Emily Wasserberg, John Willey, James Hynes and Thomas Amlicke, Jr. They and assisting those interested in outdoor work and conservation in general. Opportunities are available to
completed 48 projects both as individuals, in small groups and as the entire group depending on the size of those interested in pursuing individual studies and research.
the project. Each person also undertook a study project from the following subjects: wildflowers of Land Use Planning and Housing
Mamaroneck,geology,birds,trees and animals of the area. That research was used to update the Reservoir
Walk Book. During 1975,a representative from the CAC joined the Master Plan Review Committee. This group reviewed
"Work projects(at the Reservoir)were assigned to each individual to plan,coordinate and do with the help the Town's 1966 Master Plan"to examine in detail the Town's present needs and to ascertain how changing
needed. Projects ranged from general clean up of litter,repair and preservative treatment of the log cabin, times might affect or suggest alterations in the original plan. The plan covered the topics of population
scraping and painting of the nursery building, the building of new trails and repair and improvement of
change and its implications,land use with special emphasis on how the few remaining available properties existing trails with steps,bridges,erosion control logs and retaining logs,to the covering of trails three feet might be used for community needs,housing adequacy and senior needs, and how we pay for what is wantedand needed.
wide with two to three inches of wood chips." In 1984,the group consisted of Michael Nowicki(foreman),
Thomas Amlicke,James Sarfaty,Jr.,David Carlson and Claudia Ng. L.I.F.E.Center'
The summer crew joined Town forces in 1986 to maintain the cemeteries and conservation areas. "One of Many of the CAC's education efforts were carried out by the L.I.F.E. Center, a not-for-profit community
J organization. L.I.F.E.had a contractual arrangement with the CAC to organize certain community functions
the major projects was the completion of the loop trail on the peninsula on the NR side of the Reservoir." and to engage in environmental education activities. L.I.F.E is a volunteer organization whose primary goal
is to educate the community about the natural life and features that are an important part of our local
During the summer of 1987,four high school students:James Amlicke,Kirsten Treumen,Matthew Burke, environment. It was and is hoped that through continuing education and increased awareness the community
and Jean-Paul Plumez participated in the Summer Conservation Apprenticeship Work/Study Program. They
60 Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report 1990-1991. 62 CAC Annual Report,1987.
61 63 All information came from CAC Annual Reports.
Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986.
32 64 See Chapter 3.
f 33
h
s
IL
will undertake whatever public and private measures are needed to protect the quality of our natural
surroundings. L.I.F.E.also played an important
Part in the
establishment of the
Friends of the Reservoir r and
its efforts led to the decision of the VOL to hold the Reservoir as a conservation area in perpetuity. Walks
and school programs and other community education programs continue to develop through the efforts of the
Sheldrake Environmental Center,an amalgamation of Friends of the Reservoir and L.I.F.E.volunteers. (Also
see Chapter 3.)
Coastal Zone Management Commission
The most significant development in 1986 which ultimately impacted the CAC was the formation of the TOM
and VOL Coastal Zone Management Commission (CZMC), formed pursuant to the newly enacted Local
Waterfront Revitalization Program(LWRP). Upon formation of the CZMC,the WCC was disbanded. Under
the new structure,Dr.C.Alan Mason former chairman of the CAC,became a full time member of the CZMC.
For the next ten years,the CAC and the CZMC attempted to coordinate their efforts to ensure a broader scope
of environmental oversight in the TOM. (Also see Chapter 4.) The VOM adopted its own LWRP and
formed its own CZMC. '
Land Practice Guide -
Planning a Nature Center.From left:Seated are
The concept for this magazine size,color,36 page pamphlet was initiated by the CAC under its last chairman, Martha Munzer,Clifford Emanuelson,Mary Anne
Louise Perez,to commemorate a quarter century of environmental education and action by the CAC and the Johnson;standing:Ranald Sclater,Harry Simon and
L.I.F.E.Center. The premise for the booklet, A Land Practice Guide for People Living and Working in the Alan Reep,1964.
Long Island Sound Watershed, is based on the use of native plants to reduce harmful runoff from roofs,
gardens, parks and streets. Native plants require less water, little or no fertilizer and no pesticides. Also
noted are beneficial relationships between native plants,insects,birds and butterflies. Specific examples of
trees, shrubs and plants for various types of garden sites and situations were presented in chart form. By
u _
explaining the Sound shore ecosystem,the reader learns that we can all promote the good health of LIS by
planting native species,and by fitting landscape practices into the way the ecosystem works. As stated in the .k Scouts,along with many volunteers,clean-up trails,1965.
introduction: "Citizen participation is critical to protecting LIS and its watershed from further degradation.
The job is too big for government alone. We can begin,literally,in our own back yards."
Written by Nancy Sterbenz of Larchmont, a retired biology teacher and former member of the CAC and
CZMC,the Land Practice Guide explains in clear language how natural biological systems work in one's o
backyard to keep a garden in balance. It was the work of many --supervision by volunteers Mary Anne >
Johnson and Phyllis Wittner,illustrations by no fewer than nine local artists and photographers, edited by o
Dianne Selditch with design and layout by Kim Guarnaccia of Nantucket Advertising. The publication in
1996 was made possible by the Town-wide governments with a grant from the United Way of Larchmont. o
The booklet was the "last hurrah" of the CAC. Today, the booklet is given to new homeowners and E
distributed as an educational piece. It has been the mainstay for the Town and its neighboring communities o
in promoting the use of native species. o yw
F
-:ate
Thomas Amlicke with new recycling sign circa 1980. 4
�4f 1y
a �I
a
N I
r
34 W
Storm Drain Marking in progress.
Chapter 3- Local Involvement for Environment- L.I.F.E. Center organization was formed68.
The junior League of Larchmont Based on the assumption that there would be heavy concentration on educational programs for the schools,
I
the League requested the use of the vacant former Instructional Materials Center (IMC) building at 1116
' it Palmer Avenue. Superintendent of Schools Otty Norwood and the School Board"granted this request for The Junior League of Larchmont(JLL)became involved in environmental concerns in March 1969 when
sponsored a community meeting on the ecology of Long Island Sound(LIS). This meeting sparked further one year70. Maintenance costs(approximately$1,500 to$2,000 the first year)were to be paid by the League.
interest on the part of some of its members and they decided to form a study group which did extensive The League's intent was to sponsor the project for the first year by being responsible for the L.I.F.E.Center's
research and met regularly during the winter of 1969-1970.The study limited itself to LIS and its problems, operational expenses.
but at the same time individual members of the group became involved in activities that the town was
sponsoring and began to look for positive contributions which could be made by the Junior League in the Once again in the summer of 1970, the League polled the municipalities and various environmental groups
environmental field. The Project Research Committee chaired by Gayle Lee determined from a survey in the community to be sure that volunteers and contributions would be forthcoming. Town Supervisor I'
conducted among all interested and active people in the community that the best service the Junior League Christine Helwig was an enthusiastic supporter from the beginning. To say thank you, L.I.F.E. held a
could provide to stimulate existing ecological and conservation activities was to form an organization to reception in Mrs. Helwig's honor in November 1972 with a speaker lecturing about planning.
coordinate and communicate between existing groups to eliminate duplication of efforts.65 Four Symposia
on ecological issues were sponsored by the Conservation Advisory Committee(CAc) and others in 197066. L.LF.E. Center
As a result,community interest and activity in matters relating to conservation reached a new high.
The official opening of the L.I.F.E.Center occurred on November 15, 1970 hosted by the JLL in celebration i.
The objectives of the newly conceived organization were 67:
of its twentieth anniversary with L.I.F.E. Board Chairman Lawrence Lowy extending an invitation to all
• to serve as a clearing house and resource center for information and material concerning the residents. The open house was attended by representatives from the governments of the TOM and the VOL
environment; and VOM,the School Board,the Community Action Program,and many interested citizens. Donations were
• to help strengthen and broaden the environmental education programs within the school and made by various organizations- notably Planned Parenthood and the Rotary Club. The latter donated a
community; projector. The League continued to cover L.I.F.E.'s operational expenses into 1972-1973,and saw L.I.F.E.
• to provide a tax exempt umbrella organization to coordinate local environmental activities and as a tangible and logical expression of the increased environmental awareness on the part of the general
concerned organizations; public in the Larchmont-Mamaroneck area.
• to provide a central meeting place for classes, troop programs and appropriate groups with a
telephone answering service. The first part-time Executive Director of L.I.F.E. was Martha Schirmer who began her job in October 1971.
• to provide a roster of volunteers and guidance for individuals who wish to work with environmental Through the years, it also operated with a part-time Director of Naturalist Programs and/or an Office
groups. Manager. By 1972-3, L.I.F.E. was ready to take over its own place in the community. It had been
• ould complement the already existing school and incorporated as a not-for-profit corporation and now had to find the means of sufficient support to carry out
to establish an environmental library which w
town libraries with a cross-reference file to all of them. their programs. They looked to local governments and the schools as well as other local organizations,
• to provide educational programs and materials for all adult ecology education groups. including the JLL,for assistance with their broad-based program while they planned fund raising events that
• to provide community information via newsletters,bulletins and the like concerning pertinent they could tackle. The School Board responded to L.I.F.E.'s needs by providing a room at Mamaroneck High
legislation and to establish a reference file of such legislation past,pending and planned. School(MHS)rent free. It was also for the use of the League of Women Voters. 3
It was decided that this was to be a community effort,initially organized and funded by the JLL, but operated
by a community board and open to all interested community groups. The name L.LF.E. Center (Local 68
Involvement for Environment)was adopted and then reserved by the New York Secretary of State until the The Larchmont-Mamaroneck L.I.F.E.Center,Inc.was incorporated on December 18, 1972 according to minutes of
January 15, 1973. It was noted in April 4, 1973 minutes that we"should have by-laws and be incorporated by July 1."
69 president Donald Chapin,Members Henry Allen,Rev.James Emerson,Robert Kenegy,Dr,Mary Kingkade,
65 An undated grant proposal, Amended Proposal Under Environmental Education Act,For information:Lawrence Harold Meyers,Richard Mumma,Joan Scheuer.
Lowy,was submitted probably in 1971.
70 Unfortunately,by June 1971 L.I.F.E. had to vacate the IMC building and was given permission to rent two rooms in
66 See Chapter 2 at Environmental Education. the basement of the Central Annex Administration Building. Throughout the ensuing years L.I.F.E.had to move to
different rooms at Central,at Mamaroneck High School,and at the Hommocks. Finally,in 1998,the Town of
67 L.I.F.E.Center document circa 1973-4,Gayle Lee correspondence 1970 and Amended Proposal Under Mamaroneck provided a home for L.I.F.E.at 685 Weaver Street,the entranceway to the Larchmont Reservoir.
I
Environmental Education Act(See footnote 1).
35 36
From its inception,L.I.F.E.afforded those without expertise the opportunity to work and learn with those who teachers,science aides and students.74 They recruited,trained and coordinated volunteers to lead naturalist
had long been involved in environmental areas of education and concern. L.I.F.E. successfully shouldered walks, talks and programs both in the field and at the schools. They provided consulting services for
the work begun several years before(1966)by the Larchmont-Mamaroneck Nature Council(see Appendix curriculum development,and for support of school programs. For example,in 1973-4,L.I.F.E.worked with
III)in recruiting and training Conservation Aides for the elementary schools. The textbook study of ecology SEED to create a sanctuary with labeled nature trails on a 2-3 acre plot on Palmer Avenue across from MHS.
was brought to life by volunteer naturalists who took school children into local conservation areas in the fall Another successful event in June 1974 was aBike-In held for residents town-wide. "Guarded and scenic bike
and spring, and brought exciting programs indoors during the winter months. The Volunteer Naturalist
Program was unique in Westchester but became so highly regarded that L.I.F.E. was approached by other routes led from check-in points where participants received a map to Harbor Island park where there were
contests,games,music,refreshments and an antique bike exhibit." Everyone was encouraged to suggest ideas
school districts and private schools for assistance. for improved biking conditions. Posters,stationery and bumper stickers were sold and information about bike
An impressive list of community groups volunteered and served at L.I.F.E. Center in various capacities: safety,paths and L.I.F.E.programs were handed out. Bicycles were registered at a police table.
Daughters of the American Revolution, Junior Women's Club of Larchmont, St. Margaret's Guild of St.
John's Episcopal Church- Larchmont, JLL, Planned Parenthood Association of Larchmont, Larchmont
1974 saw the beginning of small financial contributions from the TOM and the VOL and VOM to L.I.F.E.,
Garden Club,Rotary Club,Lions Club,Larchmont Junior Women's Club,League of Women Voters,Planned mainly because of their community-wide educational programs. In the ensuing years,this support varied and
Parenthood of Southern Westchester,Ecology Club of Hommocks Middle School and the Ecology Clubs of required L.I.F.E.'s perseverance to stay as a viable budget item. In addition,L.I.F.E.continued to do its own
MHS. A list of L.I.F.E. volunteers from 1973-2001 is found at Appendix XIII.
fund raising and because of its excellent volunteer participation, it was able to produce its outstanding
environmental programs(see Synopsis of L.I.F.E.Happenings at the end of this chapter).
These groups also provided volunteer services to a group known as CEQ,Citizens for Environmental Quality
(Appendix VIII and Chapter 2 at Environmental Education),which functioned as an action group under By 1975-1976, the L.I.F.E. Board had synthesized its purpose to develop and coordinate programs in
the L.I.F.E.umbrella and became active in the spring of 1970 after the presentation of the four symposia on environmental education for schools and the community, to stimulate awareness and action on issues of
ecological issues mentioned earlier. Members of CEQ studied subjects such as the quality of our local
environmental concern,and to provide the schools and the community with an environmental resource center.
streams and marshes,the possibility of recycling of wastes,steps to reduce air pollution,pesticides and the
dangers inherent in their use and improved waste removal. They distributed pesticide information to residents Throughout the years,support for L.I.F.E.came from many different sources. In June 1975,the Hommocks
and proposed mosquito control to local governments. SEED(School Environmental Education Design-Sally Shakespeare Players under the direction of Dee O'Brien,Language Arts teacher at the Hommocks,presented
performed water sampling on a continuing three different plays under the auspices of the Mamaroneck Council on the Arts for the benefit of the L.I.F.E.
Kennelly,Faculty Coordinator,Judy Fish,Student Coordinator)pe p � g g
basis and reported their findings to the local government". They assisted and participated in community Center.
events:the ROW(Recycle Our Waste)depot for recycling glass".and the VOM Cherry Blossom Festival.
Others formed a Consumer's Group to educate the community about market products and their effect on the On February 18,1976 the Mamaroneck Council on the Arts gave a benefit performance for L.I.F.E.of"Birds,
environment. They published a newsletter with a circulation of over 400. Bees and Petrels". Poetry selections were written in the classes of Dee O'Brien. Those principally
responsible for the show were Gloria Landes and Emily Grant of the Council and Dee O'Brien. Original
L.I.F.E.joined the community-at-large by participating in a nuclear power conference. "Another opportunity
music was composed and directed by Peter Cannock, music teacher at Chatsworth and Murray Avenue
to employ the unique coordinating and educational abilities of the L.I.F.E.Center presented itself in a one-day Schools,the Director was Richard Place of the Lincoln Center Institute,and Marty Munich of MHS was the
Recycling Conference in Westchester. The sponsors of this conference,which took place in White Plains,
professional dance coordinator. Also incorporated into the program were audio-visual effects. The audience
New York,on May 11, 1971,included representatives of the Westchester Municipal Planning Federation, learned about L.I.F.E.from a brief talk by Susan Amlicke.75 Another very successful performance was given
the Westchester County (WC)Association,Inc. and Federated Conservationists of WC,Inc. An office to on June 3, 1977.
direct this meeting was set up at the L.I.F.E. Center; it used county-wide volunteers. Mr. Herbert Golden,
L.I.F.E. Center co-sponsored with the Conservation Advisory Commission and the Larchmont and
Vice-Chairman of the L.I.F.E.Center,served as coordinator for this conference."'
Mamaroneck Leagues of Women Voters a series of community programs concerning energy. In March 1976,
L.I.F.E.'s basic services were provided to the schools. L.I.F.E.was the resource and information center for an Energy Conservation Workshop featured a panel discussion on Bicycle Paths, Transportation, Energy
Resources and Energy Conservation. The"Energy and the Quality of Life"symposium was chaired by Dr.
John Bradley,moderated by William Moody, panelists Peggy Norman,Jerry Barney,Dorothy Baim,Jessica
71 See Chapter 2 at Wetlands and Watercourses.
72 See Chapter 2 at Glass Recycling. 74 See Appendix XIV-L.I.F.E.Center Newspaper Articles.
73 Amended Proposal Under Environmental Education Act(See footnote 1). 75 LIFE Center Report,March 24,1976,Margaret Strauss,Director.
37 38
76 The spring 1989 Lifeline newsletter spoke of a meeting jointly sponsored by L.I.F.E. and the Larchmont
Brown and Alfred Alk. League of Women Voters held "for representatives of local organizations in order to promote more
To emphasize the importance of energy conservation,a photography contest, Energy and the Quality of Our
comprehensive and efficient local recycling. New York State(NYS)has mandated recycling by 1991. By
Lives"was conducted for elementary students in public and parochial schools from 0 grade through high that time,we must come up with a practical and suitable plan. There is no time to waste".
school. Chairman Alan Model,Judges Nicholas Caruso(Caruso Film Service),Janice Cosgrove(illustrator)
Continuing with the tri-municipal recycling task force, in 1989-90, L.I.F.E. members helped draft "A
and Eleanor Smith(photographer)did the honors. Practical Guide to Recycling in Mamaroneck and Larchmont"which was distributed to all residents.
The League and L.I.F.E.with the CAC co-sponsored additional lectures on November 10, 1976 with Robert
Gross, a professor from Columbia University as the speaker, and on February 9, 1977 Fred Moses, an L.I.F.E and Friends of the Reservoir
engineer consultant, spoke about"Saving Energy in the Home". In 1979,the Larchmont Reservoir was being considered for sale by the Mayor and Trustees of the VOL to
As mentioned earlier,L.I.F.E.looked to the local governments for part of their financial support. With this local developer Diane Milstein. Liz Stern,who was the Executive Director of L.I.F.E.since 1973,armed with
need in mind, Wallace Irwin, Jr., a member of the CAC, suggested that although recycling in the three
slides and a diorama of the reservoir created by Clifford Emanuelson,visited various local organizations like
municipalities was primarily the responsibility of the CAC(see Chapter 2)perhaps L.I.F.E.could help by Kiwanis,Lions,Garden Clubs and the Larchmont and Mamaroneck Historical Societies"to win their support
promoting recycling programs. Responding to that idea, L.I.F.E. assembled a meeting attended by Town in favor of keeping this beautiful piece of land a natural oasis".
Supervisor Joseph Vandemoot,Village Trustee Lawrence Lowy,Joint Sanitation Commission representative "Liz on behalf of L.I.F.E. invited many citizens to come to the property on October 27, 1979 to see it for
Frederick Kellogg,Wally Irwin for the CAC,Conservation Consultant Clifford Emanuelson,Town Ranger themselves. In the letter of invitation,she cited reasons for keeping the valuable and beautiful land untouched
Custodian Thomas Leddy,Mamaroneck School District's representative Paul McDevitt,Colonel Miller from
the Clevepak Corporation and others interested in recycling. A weekly municipal paper pick-up began on in a very developed portion of Westchester:
January 1, 1977 as a result of this meeting. L.I.F.E.'s responsibility for promotion and publicity began with 1.The reservoir and its surrounding acreage serve as an essential flood control resource;
a slide program"Paper is Money"filmed at the Clevepak Paper Mill in Piermont,New York by L.I.F.E.'s 2. It provides a unique freshwater area for observation and study of local vegetation and
Executive Director Nancy Hartford and Hommocks student Chris LaBarbara. The slide show was shown to wildlife;
the three municipal Boards,the Board of Education and approximately thirty-five community organizations. 3. It is a natural area for those citizens who prefer"passive recreation";
L.I.F.E. estimated that 3500 school children and 1462 adults saw the program." 4.Its water quality is high, so that it could provide a back up water supply.
Fifty-eight interested people including Larchmont and Mamaroneck elected officials were led by naturalists
In 1980-81,L.I.F.E.worked jointly with the CAC to sponsor meetings and keep a constant flow of publicity Mazy Anne Johnson,Cliff Emanuelson and Bob Hohberg.
to keep the community focused on paper,glass and aluminum recycling. A paper recycling initiative was
successfully launched at MHS. Chatsworth Avenue and Murray Avenue elementary schools continued With the help of the L.I.F.E.Center,and with the cooperation of so many concerned and dedicated citizens,
the Friends of the Reservoir was organized and the Larchmont Reservoir Conservancy was saved.79 More
aluminum recycling while the Hommocks Middle School collected mixed metals. than one person has reported that it was on that Saturday morning that a bunch of nature-lovers sighted an
osprey swoop down and snatch a fish from the water."go That moment provided the logo for the Friends of
To give the tri-municipal recycling program a boost,Vicki Horowitz,the L.I.F.E.recycling chairman in 1986, the Reservoir. Rather than repeat p g
planned a recycling poster contest for the elementary schools. The children were given information about pe the history of the Larchmont Reservoir, I refer readers to the excellent
recycling and had a classroom program as well,and were required to use specific information in their posters. booklet Larchmont's Reservoir: A Conservation Story by Wallace Irwin Jr. Also see A Momentous
Millers Toys in Mamaroneck donated gift certificates as prizes to first and second place winners.78 Decision below.
Project Riverwatch at the Reservoir by Sandra Marraffino(1988)
76 J.Bradley,Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Iona College and L.I.F.E.Board member William Moody, Project Riverwatch was started by the voyager Foundation, Inc. in the fall
attorney and associate with the Rockefeller Fund,New York City,who dealt with environmental problems of forestry
and water management,parks and wildlife in developing nations,Peggy Norman,assistant to Bedford Superintendent of 1985 to establish a network of environmental scientists and community
of Recreation,Jerry Barney, Director of the Environmental Program at Rockefeller Brothers'Fund,Dorothy Barnouw, volunteers dedicated to the long-term study of freshwater quality and
Vice President and Transportation Committee Chairman for Tri-State League of Women Voters, Jessica Brown,16 water pollution in streams and rivers of WC. A Riverwatch office and
year old MHS student in School Within A School program and LIFE Board member,and Alfred Alk,engineer and
home and business energy conservation analyst. (L.I.F.E.Center Report,March 24, 1976,Margaret Strauss,Director.)
77 L.I.F.E.Center Report 1976-77,Susan Amlicke,Chairman. 79 Also see Chapter 5.
76 See Appendix XV-Recycling Poster Contest Winners. 80 From notes written by Wallace Irwin,Jr.for the Friends of the Reservoir newsletter,Autumn 1999.
7 39 40
laboratory have been established at SUNY Purchase in their Natural Ever since, the Friends have emphasized their cooperative relations with
L.I.F.E. Each year one or two major events at the Reservoir, produced
Sciences building. mainly by the Friends, have been advertised as "in cooperation with
The goal of Project Riverwatch is to create many on-going programs as a L.I.F.E. ," and L.I.F.E. exhibits were always part of the show. The
g Friends' Newsletter-and-Calendar, started in 1987, has always been headed
way to monitor the current quality of river waters, particularly those "Friends of the Reservoir, in cooperation with L.I.F.E." These are not
that are flowing into LIS. This data can be utilized eventually by county
empty words. The Friends have always welcomed L.I.F.E. 's regular use of �
and town planners and organizations concerned with the condition of the the Conservancy and have worked with L.I.F.E. to adapt the property to the
sound. latter's needs--notably by creating with L.I.F.E. the first Reservoir Walk
director for Riverwatch at Book in the early 1980's and by helping to have the small pond behind the
In April of 87, Dr. Barbara Dexter,
project Westchester Joint Water Works water treatment plant adapted for pond study
suNY, presented a slide program and lecture to introduce the project to by young children.
sites at the
L.I.F.E. volunteers with regard to starting testing at two using pab of
le equipment
Larchmont Reservoir Conservancy. Dr. Dexter, g qu Pment ca
Early in 1995 the partnership between these two organizations entered a
measuring stream and coastal conditions, took physical measurements of the new phase with the emergence of a dramatic proposal to create a Reservoir
reservoir water which included temperature, salinity, and Ph (hydrogen Nature Center for both organizations, looking toward their continuing
ion) concentration and biological samplings, which included the cooperation in the coming century. Both felt the need of such a facility--
measurement of dissolved oxygen concentration and studying the L.I.F.E. most of all, since it was by then seriously cramped for office d
ganisms, insect
concentration and variety of planktonic and benthic or
space in the overcrowded Mamaroneck school system. The idea was to build �
larvae and adult animal forms found in the reservoir. the center at the Conservancy, inside the large, long-disused water
holding tank adjacent to the Old Filter Plant. On closer study the "tank"
Currently there are 5 groups of volunteers (3 in each group) involved in proposal proved technically impossible, but the Nature Center proposal
the testing. The groups rotate, each doing their sampling every 5th week
itself survived. It became the subject of a promotional exhibit created in 'l
at the two locations which takes less than an hour altogether. 1996 by a committee of both groups and entitled "A Natural Partnership."
This was to have been a step toward a joint fund-raising effort to finance
All volunteers are thoroughly trained by the Riverwatch staff and this expensive building project. Despite the demise of the "tank" idea,
additional sampling can be introduced as volunteers master the sampling
the exhibit still exists as a traveling show. It is now at the L.I.F.E.
techniques. The data collected will be analyzed by the SUNY-Purchase Center and could be used in a new fund-raising program.
staff.
In 1997 the Nature Center project was given a more modest form as a
Testing continued in early spring 1988. proposal to add a new wing to the existing Potting Shed--again, to house
the L.I.F.E. offices, at least for the time being, and to offer new space
A Cooperative Reservoir Nature Center by Wallace Irwin,Jr.81 to the Friends for their expanding work. By 1998 the Friends had acquired
In 1979 urgent concern over the preservation of the Reservoir property
substantial capital funds especially for this purpose. I�
caused leaders of L.I.F.E. to call an emergency meeting. The outcome was
led by James G. In 1998 the TOM decided to make the "Monroe house, " the school building at
the founding of Friends of the Reservoir. The Friends, 685 Weaver Street adjacent to the Reservoir, available to serve as the new
Johnson Jr. , campaigned for five years to "SAVE LARCHMONT RESERVOIR and headquarters for L.I.F.E. . This important step meant that L.I.F.E. would
persuade Larchmont Village not to sell the property for development. In
ad appeal, unanimously
1984 the Village Board, responding to this widespre
no longer have a need for office space in the planned Potting Shed
�� Conservancy expansion. It seemed for a time that the Friends also could receive
�� as a Co y
decided to dedicate the entire property in perpetuity adequate office and operating space in the Monroe House, but this proved
enjoyment. For 15 years this area, the only
is en'o required much of the
d public J Ym Recreation Department re ui
for nature study an p impossible because the Town Rec p q
Town conservation area with a freshwater lake, has been, among other space for its own programs at the Reservoir. The Friends therefore decided
• things, a major venue for L.I.F.E. 's educational programs. in mid-1998 to go ahead with the Potting Shed expansion, for which funding
had already been acquired from a number of donors.
81 Former historian of the Friends of the Reservoir.
41 42
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In 1999 the Friends concluded that, over and above the Potting Shed environment. Two principle documents are projected to come out of the
addition, a capital endowment would be necessary as a source of income to Summit:
maintain and develop the Conservancy's facilities for the coming century. Earth Charter: A Magna Carta for the planet outlining the basic philosophy
1i
This, however, raised the difficulty of competing fund drives by the two which must govern the economic and environmental behavior of peoples and
organizations. To deal with this problem, in June 1999 a committee nations to ensure our healthy and prosperous future.
t and decided to recommend to Agenda 21: The blueprint for action for the period leading up to and into
composed of leaders of both organizations me
their respective boards a joint fund-raising campaign, directed to major the 21st century, addressing: protection of the atmosphere, protection and
donors, the proceeds from which would be shared by the two organizations management of land resources,conservation and development of forests,
.82 conservation of biological diversity, environmentally sound management of
on an agreed basis
biotechnology, protection of the quality and supply of freshwater
Premium River Pine Brook Preservation Association (PPPA) resources, environmentally sound management of toxic chemicals, hazardous
wastes, and solid wastes.
f During 1986,L.I.F.E.helped launch the Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association(PPPA),a new
organization whose purpose was to unite the citizens of the TOM,VOL and City of New Rochelle(NR),the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Year-1995 (L.I.F.E. Newsletter)
general public, and various neighborhood associations having an interest in the reduction and control of
flooding and pollution,the preservation and management of available open spaces,and protection of drainage "Mary Anne Johnson, who has been a model and inspiration for local
and conservation areas,wetlands and waterways in the Pine Brook/Premium watershed. Its members resided i naturalists since the 1960's, and her husband, James G Johnson, Jr. ,
in the three municipalities and supported the concept of tri-municipal cooperation in this environmentally first President of the Friends of the Reservoir and architect of the
sensitive area which was often handicapped because of its need to deal individually with three governments. Reservoir Conservancy, were honored at L.I.F.E. 's Twenty-Fifth Anniversary
PPPA was formally incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1988. L.I.F.E.,the CAC and the TOM-VOL Dinner on October 2 9th. It was a splendid sparkling Sunday with sweeping
Coastal Zone Management Commission (CZMC) continued to support the PPPA's annual bird walk and views of LIS and David's Island. In her address to over 150 members of
educational events. A more complete discussion of the PPPA can be found in Chapter 7. L.I.F.E. and the Friends that day, Mary Anne quoted Rachel Carson' s words
that so aptly describe the L.I.F.E. Center's own philosophy of nature
More About L.I.F.E. education:
"If a child is to keep alive his inborn sense of wonder. . . . he needs the
L.I.F.E.acquired its first personal computer in 1987 with a grant of$2,000 from IBM's Fund for Community companionship of at least one adult who can share it, rediscovering with
Service,thanks to the know-how of L.I.F.E.Board member Pinky Leitner who wrote the grant. It is hard to him the joy, excitement and mystery of the world we live in. . . . It is more
believe that L.I.F.E. could produce and disseminate the amount of information that it did before the advent important to pave the way for the child to want to know than to put him on '
of the computer. a diet of facts he is not ready to assimilate." (From The Sense of
Wonder, 1956. )83
L.I.F.E. often found itself in a state of flux as the need for space at the schools meant a move for the
organization. In 1991, L.I.F.E. moved from MHS to the Central School, the third move in three years. Other environmental pioneers and activists also reminisced and inspired us
However,everyone was pleased to be back at Central where frequent contact with teachers and students was at the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Dinner. Town Councilman Lee Bloom who
easily accomplished. The move also meant adequate office space with ample parking. served as Chairman of the Cross County Lands Study Committee (1962-64)
which made the determination that former County lands deeded to the Town
Typical of L.LF.E.'s involvement not only in local, state or national environmental matters but in the should be used for nature study and quiet enjoyment; Town Supervisor -
international scene as well were the efforts expended to enhance awareness of Earth Day 1992 and the United Christine Helwig under whose aegis the environmental movement and
Nations Earth Summit. Once again, L.I.F.E.'s approach was through the classroom. The following is conservation areas flourished; Cliff Emanuelson, Conservation Consultant
excerpted from memos from then Executive Director Martha Kaufman to"all teachers and administrators": and Coordinator for the Town for twenty years, who designed the
conservation areas and trails; Town Supervisor Joseph Vandernoot who
In June, 1992 the first Earth Summit will be held in Rio de Janeiro. The served as Chairman of the Friends of the Reservoir at the helm with
United Nations Earth Summit offers a historic opportunity for world President James Johnson during the crucial stages of the development of
leaders to find solutions to the complex problems endangering our global the Conservancy; Susan Amlicke, member of the first Board and later
82 Additional complications raised by the VOL Board meant that to date,the Potting Shed remains unimproved. 83 Mary Anne Johnson was also honored by L.I.F.E.in June 1974.
43 44
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President of the L.I.F.E. Center; Elisabeth Lehman, member of the first Foundation. Members of the Joint Steering Committee were Lee Bloom,Alison Lowy Dopsch,Suzanne C.
Board and present Board of the L.I.F.E. Center; and Elizabeth Stern, Frank, Peter Goldberger, Ruth Gyure, Wally Irwin, Robin Kriesberg, Jackie Lorieo, Alice Model, Marie
Executive Director of L.I.F.E. for six years. Venezia and Donna Zalachin(consultant).gb (See Appendix XIII for a list of L.I.F.E.members(1973-2000)
and SEC members (2001).
Margie Strauss, past Executive Director and present Board member, who has
managed L.I.F.E. 's Scholarship Program through the years, presented the Synopsis of L.I.F.E Happenings
Johnsons with an outstanding framed drawing, a Merganser Duck, on behalf Newsletters
of the L.I.F.E. Center and the Friends of the Reservoir. This original Lifeline, the first newsletter, was published in the fall of 1974. That issue, I am told,
pen and ink piece was created by James Coe, a L.I.F.E. scholarshipdiscussed the history of conservation efforts in Larchmont and Mamaroneck eck since 1948. Although
g
recipient who has become a noted nature i the name of L.I.F.E.'s newsletter
P illustrator.. x�s most recent s changed throughout the years,they have been published faithfully
book, a Field Guide to Eastern Birds has just been published by the Golden to this day. Despite the absence of quotation marks, all of the information that follows has been
Press. Dorothy Rainier, naturalist, past President and present Board taken from newsletters and Executive Director's reports.
member of L.I.F.E. , presented the Johnsons a Memory Book that she compiled
and decorated with letters and photos sent by friends near and far. State Nature Trails
Senator Suzi Oppenheimer, County Legislator George Latimer, Town A series of informative articles which appeared in The Daily Times from 1966 to 1981 (see
Appendix V-A Weekly Journey Through Nature's Trails). In addition, two newspaper series were
Supervisor Elaine Price and Larchmont Mayor Cheryl Lewy issued PP y y g )
proclamations to the Johnsons with highly laudatory remarks about their provided in 1982,one in the winter on solar homes,wood stoves and energy conservation, and the
second in the fall on environment and the law.
exemplary work in the community. Indeed, the Anniversary Celebration was
a warm, memorable event. Specj,al thanks go to Irene Saltzburg who
supervised all of the day's arrangements ,84 Training
1972 September- Conservation aide training with the Nature Council.
Other highlights: 1995 saw the publication of Larchmont-Mamaroneck Conservation Areas and Parks and 1974 Two month Field Training course for naturalists with 40 women enrolled.
in 1997,L.I.F.E.introduced a special discount program for its members with thanks to local merchants:Earth • Dissemination of information to science aides in schools.
Smarts, Larchmont Nurseries,Redwood Nurseries, Smith&Hawkins and Tony's Nurseries. • Fall field training classes: Sheldrake Outdoor Classroom (3 different sessions by Macky
Bennett Cliff Ema
nuelson,and Toby Young),Hommo
cks Marsh(Irma Volk),Greenwich
A Momentous Decision Audubon (Rhea Copening), Manor Park (Carol Schork), Marshlands Conservancy (Paul
Frese, County Naturalist), and Ward Pound Ridge Reservation in Cross River (Nicholas
Many of today's readers will not be familiar with the name L.I.F.E.Center,but will know of the organization, Shoumatoff). Presentation for a rainy day:slide program on local nature areas(Rene Swort).
Sheldrake Environmental Center(SEC),a melding of L.I.F.E.and the Friends of the Reservoir. At the 2001 1975 Naturalists Training Course given by Irma Volk.
annual Fall Festival held at the Larchmont Reservoir,Lee Bloom as the Chairman of the new organization, • Naturalists Training Course given by Mildred Warnecke in Rye Neck.
announced the formation of the SEC.85 SEC's mission incorporated those of the two groups and was 1976 Fall training program led by Suzanna Livingston trained 40 naturalists. Sites visited:Manor
expanded "to teach and promote environmental knowledge in the community; foster preservation of local Park Beach(Mary Anne Johnson),Hommocks Marsh(Irma Volk),Marshlands Conservancy
parks and nature areas;maintain and improve the Larchmont Reservoir-James G.Johnson,Jr. Conservancy; (Alison Beall), Murray Avenue "Schoolyard Ecology" (Greenwich Audubon naturalist),
and work with area communities to protect and repair the watersheds of the Sheldrake River,Pine Brook and Manor Park geology, Sheldrake Trails (Macky Bennett) and Sheldrake small groups
East Creek". As Mr. Bloom stated, The Friends group was born from the L.I.F.E. Center. We are all (Mildred Warnecke, Penny Vestner,Marie Owens, Toby Young).
delighted to be reuniting as one family". Alison Lowy Dopsch,Chair of L.I.F.E.,would be the President of 1977 Spring training session for Ranger Rick leaders led by Ann Gunsalus. Trainees were Susan
the SEC. Alcott,Susan Barrows,Evelyn Bogner,Janet Demasi,Diane Fajan,Carolyn Gallagher,Judy
Jiuliano,Carol Matcovsky, Trudy Schwartz,Mary Ann Tarantino and Margaret Troy.
The merger of the two organizations was facilitated by a $6,000 grant from the Westchester Community 1978 Special course for two teachers from each of the elementary grades"Bringing Ecology into
the Classroom" held on six Wednesday mornings from March through May under the
direction of Robert Nagle, the Science Curriculum Coordinator, and made possible by a
84 grant from the NYS Education Department. Topics: "Feeling Comfortable With the
Lifeline Newsletter December 1995. Outdoors", "Basic Ecology", "Adaptation and Habitats", School Yard EcoSystems- mini-
85 In attendance were many community members and elected officials:from the TOM Supervisor Valerie O'Keeffe
and Councilwoman Phyllis Witmer,Larchmont Mayor Cheryl Lewy and Trustees Kenneth Bialo and Chris Verni,
VOM Trustees Tom Murphy and Kathy Savolt,and Chairman of the WC Board of Legislators George Latimer. 86 Sheldrake Environmental Center Newsletter-Fall 2001.
45 46
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fields and mini-forests", and two field trips to Manor Beach and Greenwich Audubon school groups in the Community Action Program.
1972 April-L.I.F.E.presented a film on recycling.
Center. 1974 "A Sheldrake Walk"written and taped by naturalist Mildred Warnecke with a map drawn
1986 Training course conducted by Audubon naturalist Ted Gilman. by Ruth Merson.
1989 Two Naturalist Training Programs given at Manor Beach and the Sheldrake River Trail by 1975 Slide show and presentation to Larchmont Village Board.
Alison Beall,Curator of the Marshlands Conservancy in Rye,who was and is a specialist in •
Slide presentations by Susan Amlicke,Mary Ehbrecht,Mary Anne Johnson and Irma Volk
environmental education and salt marsh ecology. to Mamaroneck Senior Citizens.
1991-1992 Eight training workshops were offered: two by Alison Beale at Manor Beach and • LIS Program with slide show from Wildcliff,New Rochelle.
Sheldrake Woods,naturalist Shelley Volk held two sessions at the Larchmont Reservoir and
the Hommocks Salt Marsh,and the remaining four sessions were conducted by L.I.F.E.staff • Slide presentation to Larchmont Women's Club by Margie Strauss,Mary Anne Johnson and �
Irma Volk.
members. Workshops updated naturalists'skills and allowed for an interchange of ideas and
$' • Slide talk to Florence Park Rangers,Mamaroneck Village,by Irma Volk.
information about plants,wildlife and environmental conditions in local conservation areas. 1976 New Rochelle Garden Club presentation"Nature's Garden on LIS"by Mildred Warnecke.
1992-1993 Fifteen naturalists received training. Mentioned as leaders were Alison Beale,Ken Soltecz • Mamaroneck Senior Citizens-Winter slide talk by Irma Volk.
(Edith Read Sanctuary),Deborah Mumford(the"Critter Lady") and Daria Gregg(League • Larchmont Senior Citizens-Winter slide talk by Mary Anne Johnson.
of Women Voters). • Rye Neck 4'and 5'grades-slide program on Rye Neck nature areas by Mildred
1993-1994 10 training sessions were offered including Alison Beale instructing at the Sheldrake Trail, Warnecke and Irma Volk.
Manor Beach and a third session at the Sheldrake Trail, a visit to the Materials Recovery 1977 Margie Strauss and Pat Tripoli put together a slide show of Beautification Day using
Facility Recycling Center (MURF) (Yonkers), Project Wild (NYS Department of
photographs from Mary Anne Johnson,Al Luther and Alan Model.
Environmental Conservation) (DEC) at the Reservoir, and sessions for teaching 1979 Slide show about aluminum recycling.
environmental concepts to elementary students. 1982 January- By this time, more than 2,000 residents saw L.I.F.E. slide show about recycling.
identification Riggs), eolo training-exploration of
1995-1996 Winter training:winter tree ide (Melanie( geology 1986 Study cruise on LIS.
rocks and geologic concepts(Dorothy Rainier)and bird training session including slides and
1990 L.I.F.E. naturalist Dorothy Rainier presented slides taken at the Audubon Camp in Maine.
specimens (Irma Volk). Other topics taught during the year were games in teaching and A tape was shown about the African Rift.
wildflowers. Off-site training included Native Americans use of plants (Cranberry Lake 1992 Dorothy Rainier presented slides and a talk based on her attendance at an Audubon
Preserve),a hawk watch(Butler Preserve),a tour of Guion Creek and a Wildflower Island Workshop in Arizona(April 1991)which was devoted to geology and ecology.
Tour(Teatown Lake Reservation). 1994 Dorothy Rainier presented slides of Grand Canyon,Zion and Bryce National Parks.
• Project WILD Aquatic, a teaching program offered by DEC was held at the Larchmont 1996 Two videos were prepared for viewing on LMC-TV:
Reservoir(April`96)and was well-attended by local teachers,scout leaders and naturalists. • Alice Model taped Naturalist Maryann Leitner teaching a toddler class at the Larchmont
Pond study techniques were demonstrated." Reservoir Conservancy.
1996-1997 Eleven Naturalist Training sessions were held to keep naturalists abreast of new • Two projects at the Hommocks School were filmed:the SEA-WASP(Sound Environmental
environmental teaching concepts while reinforcing established methods. Topics included
Activities-Watershed Alliance School Partnerships) led by teacher John Zappala which
recycling, watershed studies, trees, warblers, insect studies, coast walks and a trip to the involved diverse hands-on activities such as collecting water samples,stenciling storm drains
MURF in Yonkers. and recycling. The second led by teacher Mary Everett was the AWARE (A Watershed
Awareness using Remote-sensing Equipment) project. This involved comparing aerial
Audio-Visual Programs photographs from 1924, 1957 and 1990. These projects were partially funded by the
1970 Three"Introduction to Ecology" slide programs. Each consisted of a lecture with Lawrence Lowy Grant in memory of the first L.I.F.E. Center President.
slides and was followed by a corresponding outing the following week.
• "The Ecology of Water"-emphasis on the water cycle and sewage treatment followed by Pre-School Programs
a trip for the children and their leaders to the Mamaroneck Sewage Treatment Plant. 1972 15 pre-schoolers met once a week at L.I.F.E. Center to participate in environmental
• Freshwater rivers and streams-trip to Sheldrake River Conservation Trails. educational programs.
• Ecology of the salt marsh-outing to the Hommocks Marsh Outdoor Classroom. 1987 Two summer toddler programs were held at the Larchmont Reservoir and Flint Park.
The above programs were taken mainly to the public and private elementary schools and to after 1988 Summer toddler program held at the Larchmont Reservoir.
1989 Toddler program for twelve children. A successful Nature Program for two and three year
olds was held during the winter.
87 Annual Reports of the L.I.F.E.Center,July 1,1991-June 30, 1992 and July 1, 1992-June 30,1993. 1990 During spring,a Toddler Club for six 2 and 3 year olds and their care givers was held on five
88 Annual Report July 1,1995-June 30,1996.
r 47 48
;i II
Shirmer.
weekday mornings.
1992-1993 Twenty-one classes were held for two to five year olds and their caregivers at the Larchmont May-Worked with S.W.A.M.P.(Students Working Against Man's Pollution-MHS)to clear
Reservoir Potting Shed. Emphasis was on hands-on activities and sensory awareness to debris from West Basin-Mamaroneck Harbor.
• September-November walks and talks-Outdoors:1835 students from eighty classes(K-6).
stimulate powers of observation.
1993-1994 L.I.F.E.naturalists Maryann Leitner,Irene Saltzburg and Mary Anne Edler conducted eighty Indoors: 345 students from sixteen classes. �.
December 1973 through June 1974-Outdoors:ninety-eight K-6 classes with 2173 students,
classes(162 children)for two to five year olds(see 1992-93).
1995-1996 Beginning in January,afternoon programs for three to five year olds at Larchmont five Hommocks classes with 145 students. Indoors:thirty K-6 classes with 851 students and
Reservoir Conservancy included stories,nature crafts and walks. A total of forty-six classes five Hommocks classes with 120 students.
were held at the Potting Shed at the Larchmont Reservoir. Fall classes were held for two and 0 School photography workshops for e,5`"and 6`s grades.
three year olds to"explore the forest". Fall Discovery Days were held for three to five year Tri-municipal photo contest for everyone a grade and over.
olds. Both fall sessions were taught by naturalist and educator Maryann Leitner. 1974-1975 Outdoor walks 4,032 children from one hundred and eighty classes,indoor talks 844 children
1997 Once again Maryann Leitner led sixty-nine classes including nature walks,crafts and stories from forty classes. Figures include walks and talks at"Teacher Mom"program and walks
at the Larchmont Reservoir for one hundred and forty preschoolers, accompanied by an for Holy Trinity and Bellows students.
adult. Sponsored Ranger Rick program school-wide.
s learned about nature and their local Sponsored lecture by Paul Twomey of Andrus Space Planetarium,Hudson River Museum,
2001 Children (ages two to five) and their caregiver
environment at the Larchmont Reservoir in nine one-hour classes. at Central School for 4`s through 6thgrades. Also night observing with telescope.
2002 "Mommy and Me"winter nature classes for toddlers and pre-kindergarten(pre-k). Program for young people at St.Thomas' Church.
Eco-Kids program for pre-k children at Mamaroneck Avenue School. Several walks and talks were provided for Pengilly School(fee charged).
2003 January-March,March-June and September-December: "Mommy and Me nature classes 1975 Between February 27 and April 3,six classes of 125 children were taken on nature walks and
for ages two to four and three to five. four classes with 97 children were given slide talks. September through December 1939
students from eighty-four classes K-6 went on outdoor walks. 921 students in forty-one
classes saw slide talks.
School Proarams89 L.I.F.E. naturalists volunteer to assist Robert Hohberg's group of selected high school
1970 Spring Earth Walk around Mamaroneck Avenue School.
students who are monitoring local watercourses.
1971 Programs for scouts three afternoons a week. "A Pollution Solution"essay contest held for elementary school students.
• Fall field trips grades 1-6: Sheldrake Trails, Saxon Woods, Manor Park, Hommocks,
Audubon Greenwich,Harbor Island. School paper recycling programs.
• Presented and discussed L.I.F.E.Shows:Manor Park,Marshes,Rivers,Water and films:Life Exhibit and sales table at MHS Art Festival manned by Ceil Iantorno.
Between the Tides, Marsh Community, Stream, Rocks in Our Neighborhood, Animals in 1976 3,450 children went on field trips to conservation areas under guidance of L.I.F.E.
naturalists. 1,355 children participated in indoor slide shows and talks. The naturalists
Winter.
1972 September through November walks and talks-Outdoors: Sixty kindergarten through 6th volunteered for 317 hours.
grade classes with 1241 students,fifteen Hommocks classes with 400 students and four MHS L.I.F.E. arranged to have SWAS (School Within A School) high school students conduct
classes with 105 students. Indoors: twenty-six K-6 classes with 666 students and seven pre-school programs. Approximately seventy-six children attended five sessions and
MHS classes with 181 students.
reaction of parents was most favorable.
1973 December 1972 through June 1973 walks and talks-Outdoors:eighty-four K-6 classes with 0 Outdoor Treasure Hunt for Grades 4-6.
1865 students, four Hommocks classes of 84 students and four MHS classes with 90 0 Four Ranger Rick sessions with Pat Adonetti,Lucy Chronowski,Ellen Groh,Margaret Katze
students. The high school group went to the Hommocks Marsh. Indoors:twenty-eight K-6 and Molly Manion leading thirty-one children on environmental outings.
classes with 637 students and three MHS classes with 75 students. 0L.I.F.E.table and exhibits at all Back to School Nights-elementary through high school.
• September through November-Outdoors:seventy-nine K-6 classes with 1684 students,six 1977 Five spring Ranger Rick classes with forty-seven children were taught by Pat Adonetti,
thirty-nine K-6 classes with 962 students. Susan Amlicke, Julie Baiter, Mrs. Bieley, Ann Giordano, Judy Giuliano, Lillian Hecker,
Hommocks classes with 120 students. Indoors:
• Seven Ranger Rick groups(seventy-three children from kindergarten and pre-school). Joan Kelly,and Jean Pearson.
1974 January-Comet watch in Central School parking lot. Also comet assembly for third to sixth 0 Grant received by L.I.F.E. to execute"Methods and Techniques of Bringing Ecology Into
grades planned by Mamaroneck Avenue School in conjunction with L.I.F.E.member Duke the Classroom".
• Hommocks Special Education class took a walk through the Rye Conservancy with Mildred
Warnecke,Berta Kinzly and Irma Volk.
89 Nature walks were led by trained Naturalists,and took place at the Sheldrake Trails,Hommocks Marsh,Manor
1978 January-L.I.F.E.received a NYS grant to bring ecology into the classroom.
Beach and at the Marshlands Conservancy.
49 50
i
around us through the eyes of children.90
1978-1979 September-December:Mamaroneck Avenue School-three classes. Guided nature tours for thirty classes.
1980-1981 Trail walks and classroom presentations-some 3,640 students,teachers and parents enjoyed Recycling Poster Contest held at all four elementary schools.91
7,286 hours of outdoor activities and indoor instruction including slide shows of local natual 1988 Approximately 1600 children were taught about indoor and outdoor educational programs
areas as well as a new"felt board"presentation entitled Life in a Tide Pool. by L.I.F.E. naturalists.
November 1981- Sponsored autumn run for grades 4-8. 0 L.I.F.E.held a nature cartoon contest to encourage children to view nature from
1982 May-conservation education program presented to the Rye Neck Middle School.
another dimension. Their posters were exhibited in the libraries.
• Spring-Five session Ranger Rick classes for kindergarten age. 0 Lunch time nature origami club.
• June-Four classes to Manor Park(Central and Mamaroneck Avenue Schools). 0 After school Ranger Rick program for kindergarten and first grade students.
1989
St.John's Nursery School Fountain Square-Larchmont Manor Beach walk. t
Fall Nature Club for kindergarten,first and second graders. A four session program was led
• Summer-fifteen nature study sessions at three Village and Town summer day camps.
by Laurie Korngold and her sons Adam and Evan and Sandra Marraffmo. Thirty-seven
Fall-
Ranger r Rick classes(five sessions)for kindergarten age. children participated.
unties and
indoor
door acts .
out
Some 3,716 students,teachers and parents enjoyed Volunteer naturalists led about 1100 children m classroom and outdoor activities.
• _ ns
sentatio
felt-board re .
instruction,including slide shows of local natural areas as well as fel p After school Ranger Rick program for sixty kindergarten and first grade students.
of "Life in a Tide Pool" and ,The Story of a Tree". The Reservoir and Sheldrake River 1990 Naturalist Irene Saltzburg gave felt board lessons to classes in the four elementary schools.
provided a special water study for one third grade class. 0 Ginger Stevenson talked about Creatures From the Sound and beekeeping. Laurie Korngold
introduction of environmental education at three summer recreation programs. taught environmental programs at the Ward School in New Rochelle.
1983 June- Seven kindergartens (Central, Murray Avenue, Mamaroneck Avenue and 0 Jane Berger instructed seventeen elementary classes about recycling.
Chatsworth Avenue Schools) had walks through Harbor Island. Nearly 3,000 students, 0 Outdoor programs and classroom walks brought the school children to the Larchmont
teachers and parents participated in L.I.F.E.'s programs. Reservoir, Sheldrake Woods and Manor Beach and Park.
1984 Spring-Sixteen classes on twelve field trips to Manor Beach and two classes through Manor a Lunch hour Nature Clubs for third and fourth grades at Mamaroneck Avenue school. During
Park to see its geology.
four sessions they learned about honeybees and beekeeping,predators,birds and recycling.
Two five session Nature us were for kinder Clbhlkindergarten through second
Fall-Eighteen classes on fourteen trips to Manor Beach. g g grade. The clubs
1985 Trips to Sheldrake River Trail,Larchmont Reservoir,Manor Beach and Harbor were led by Laurie Korngold and Sandra Marraffino with assistance from the Korngold boys,
Island.
Adam and Evan,and high school students Merry Davis and Justin Lind. They visited Manor
• Westchester Ethical Society Nursery School White Plains. Beach,the Larchmont Reservoir and the Sheldrake Woods.
Mamaroneck Avenue School-Manor Beach. 1991-1992 L.I.F.E. conducted 147 classes for local schools. Of these, 112 took place in local
• During 1984-85, L.I.F.E. led 290 field trips for elementary school students through local
conservation areas. The other thirty-five classes were held in classrooms responding to
conservation areas. teachers' requests for topics such as recycling, pond life, tidepools, nocturnal animals,
1986 Approximately 4500 adults and children participated in L.I.F.E. sponsored events. decomposition,redworm composting,water pollution,geology and Native Americans and
Volunteer naturalists led approximately 2700 school children in educational programs in and their use of the environment.12 Over 2,200 students were involved.
out-of-doors. L.I.F.E.naturalists led twenty-six walks at the Larchmont Reservoir. To reduce waste and make children aware of the need for recycling and source reduction
Sponsored dance program at Central School. L.I.F.E.developed a plan to sell below cost litterless lunch kits(a washable canvas bag with
• a set of washable containers for sandwich, snack and beverage). Students were then
1987 Sandra Marraffino and Alice Bloom led a lunch hour program for third and fourth graders
that included winter tree study,insect habitat search and a bird study. Fifth grade student involved in weighing and charting the decline of lunchroom refuse.
Joe Marraffino taught origami. Composting was a major focus in beneficial gardening and in the kitchen. The latter was
The Ranger Rick program for kindergarten and first graders was so popular that accomplished through redworm composting. Using fruit and vegetable parings,the worms
• enrollment was held to nineteen children. The afternoon trips went to the Sheldrake River produced rich,dry soil.
salamanders and other small creatures of 1992-1993 226 classes were taught by naturalists. Of these, 113 were at Manor Beach,the
Trail to see budding trees and new spring flowers,
the forest;to the Larchmont Reservoir Conservancy to examine the various habitats of the
land and water birds, to discover how bugs and insects hide from the birds and what a
reservoir is; to the Hommocks Salt Marsh to see fiddler crabs, snails and mussels; and to 90 Lifeline,summer 1987.
Manor Beach to see hiding places of snails,rock crabs and hermit crabs. Leaders Sandra
Rainier commented how wonderful it was to explore the world 9t
Marraffino and Dorothy See Appendix XV-Recycling Poster Contest Winners. �
Y S
92 Annual Report of the L.I.F.E.Center,July 1, 1991-June 30,1992.
51 52
Sheldrake Woods, the Larchmont Reservoir and the Hommocks Salt Marsh. The other Winter Wildlife Three Day Club for children ages five to nine.
geology, local Native Nature for kindergarteners ages five to six.
indoor classes discussed recycling,tidepools,redworm composting,g gy, •
Americans,seed dispersal,creatures from Long Island Sound,bird studies and groundwater Summer Ecology Program at Mamaroneck Environmental Resource Center(685 Weaver
Street).
pollution 9s LIFE maintained and continues to maintain a large reference library of books about nature and environmental
• Vacation Nature Clubs were held during summer,Christmas and spring vacations for six to subjects.
twelve year olds. L.I.F.E. naturalist David Naar taught survival courses including how to
survive in the wild with emphasis on what could safely be eaten
istnSh drunk,
how to build
Volk taught Continuing Education
shelter and how to start a fire without matches. Na Y 1969 Nine spring walks to Leatherstocking Trail (two), Manor Park (two), Warren Avenue,
environmental education at the Flint Park Day Camp.
Sheldrake Trails,Rockland-Thruway Pocket,Hommocks Conservation Area,Hallie Sether's
1993-1994 166 classes were taught by twenty naturalists. Ninety of these were outdoors at Manor
Beach, Sheldrake Woods and the Lazchmont Reservoir. (Hommocks Salt Marsh was property(in 2003 a portion of the property was formally dedicated as Sether Woods).
1974 November-January 1975- Four field walks: Weinberg Nature Center, Country Road,
unavailable because of December 1992 storms). Indoor classes dealt with recycling, Highland Avenue,Playland.
tidepools, water quality, indoor composting with redworms, geology, local Native r
1975 Eight spring walks to Sheldrake Trails,Hall Estate(Greenburgh),Pound Ridge Reservation,
Americans,and creatures from LIS.
• Two February Vacation Nature Clubs were held by Shelley Volk for six to nine year olds. Hommocks Conservation Area, Saxon Woods,Rye Nature Center,Leatherstocking Trail,
Premium Conservation Area.
1995 From September 1995 through June 1996, seventeen naturalists conducted 145 classes 1976 Wednesday Adult Walks were held from September-June (with the exception of school
including classes for Brownies. holidays). Over nine hundred people in twenty groups were served with walks and talks to
1996 One hundred and forty-nine classes were taught between September-December. Of these, Ward Pound Ridge, Bronx Zoo, Premium Mill Pond and Marsh, Bruce Museum, Manor
one hundred and six were outdoor walks and forty-three were in-class presentations.
Shortage of buses affected the program. Sixteen Vacation Club classes,eight after-school Park, Jamaica Bay, Butler Sanctuary at the Meyer Nature Preserve and the Hammond
clubs at Chatsworth,four classes for the Lunch Club at Central School were held.
Museum Oriental Stroll Gardens. There also were slide shows of local conservation areas.
1977 Adult walks and visits were taken to Hudson River Museum,Bruce Museum, Sheldrake
1997 Again due to lack of bus transportation,only 41 classes were held from January to June. Trails,Flat Rock Brook Sanctuary(New Jersey),Greenburgh Nature Center,Greenwich
• Naturalists led two walks for high school exchange students from Russia who were studying Point,Marshlands Conservancy,Manor Park and the Mianus River Gorge.
water quality. 1978 Adult walk in January visited Playland Lake.
• A Sheldrake Conservation Area walk was held for a Brownie troop. 1980- 1981 "Focusing on energy conservation,
A LIS aquarium was on display at Central School. The project involved two trips to the L.I.F.E.Center organized awell-publicized tour of five
• solar homes in the area. Nearly one hundred and thirty people were involved in this highly
beach for interested sixth graders who helped collect crabs, snails, mussels,barnacle and
plants for the tank,and then continued to help with maintenance. successful demonstration of some of the present and practical applications of solar energy."�
1982 Training for naturalists and the community involved fifteen students in the Continuing
2000-2001 Two hundred and twenty-four programs(115 field trips and 109 classroom visits) g Y g
Education program.
for fifty-seven teachers in the Mamaroneck School District. There were a total of thirty-three walks with eighty-two participants which informed the
2001-2002 One hundred and thirty-two programs(90 field trips and 42 classroom visits)for forty-five
teachers correlated to the science curriculum of each grade level. For example,naturalists public about the problems of the Premium Mill Pond,River,Pryer Manor,Premium Marsh
nd
ine Brook.
Linette Tse and Gail Koller led a walk for Chatsworth Avenue School's 2°d grade class(Ms. Conservation Area Twenty-two members of the Lazchmont Avenue Church enjoyed two walks at Otter Creek
Yeh)to Dog Beach.
• An eight week after school program about exploring art through nature for ages seven and 1984 January-sponsored talk by former scholarship winners.
older was taught by naturalist/artist Cindy Polera.
• Naturalists Jenny Geer,Jane Caro,Catherine Wachs and Bea Weinberger led members of 1986 Winter walks and trips:Playland Lake(Rye),Rye Marshlands,Kazimiroff Trail (Pelham
Central School's 5'grade class Caro,
a collecting expedition of visual and olfactory mushrooms Bay Park),The Square House(Rye),Northwind Sea Institute(City Island),Lenoir Preserve
for microscopic study. Examples of the odoriferous mushrooms found were the Dog (Yonkers),Theodore Roosevelt Sanctuary and Home(Oyster Bay);programs: films"Life
in the Woodlot","The Voice of the Desert"and"America's Wetlands",slide lecture on"The
Stinkhom and Squid Stinkhorn.
2003 "Journey of Discovery" for kindergarten, first and second graders at the Larcmon
ht Joy of Birds"by Irma Cook Young,slide program"Living Waters","Water,We Can't Live
Without It"and"Understanding Ground Water:The Hidden Resource",and a talk by author
Reservoir after school winter program. Ruth Ernst"Attracting Wildlife to Your Garden".
• "Birds of Prey"one day program for children ages eight and older.
94 Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report 1980-81.
93 Annual Report of the L.I.F.E.Center,July 1,1992-June 30,1993.
53 54
1987 Winter walks and trips:Playland Lake,Bruce Museum(Greenwich,CT),Bronx Zoo,Rye Papermaking Workshop.
e Edith Read Sanctuary (Rye), Stamford Undated spring walk:
Nature Center, Marshlands Conservancy (Rye),
Museum and Nature Center(CT),Larchmont Reservoir James G.Johnson,Jr.Conservancy, Manor Beach,Sheldrake Trail,Larchmont Reservoir,Mianus River Gorge,Wildlife Refuge
• Edith Haupt Conservatory(Bronx Botanical Gardens);programs:"Aquatic Ecology,Water and Botanical Preserve,Bartlett Arboretum(North Stamford,CT),Cass Gallagher Nature
Problems in Westchester"by Professor Barbara Dexter,film:"The First Eden Channel 13 Trail (Van Cortlandt Park), Harbor Island, Old Westbury Gardens (L.I.). Program about
bees by beekeeper and L.I.F.E. naturalist Ginger Stevenson.
series. Ossinin
1988 Fall walks and trips:Hook Mountain (Nyack), Kitchawil Sanctuary (Ossining),
Mt. Kisco), Leatherstocking Trail, Water Treatment Plant Summer Scholarships
Westmoreland Sanctuary ( 1973 Breck Carrow attended Cornell University's Teen Leadership Program, Camp Arnot
(Ossining), Saxon Woods (White Plains),Larchmont Reservoir Conservancy,Hommocks ,
Salt Marsh. Thirty Wednesday Walks for three hundred and six residents to Critical (vicinity Ithaca), James Coe worked on trails and streams and special exhibits at Merck
Environmental Areas in the TOM and neighboring communities. Forest,Vermont.
1989 Spring walks to the John Jay Homestead(Katonah),
Stamford Marine Center, a Quarry in 1974 Randal Wax(MHS)and Brian Kammerer(Rye Neck High School)
Greenbur h Nature Center, Audubon Center attended Camp Arnot.
Bedford, Wildflower Island (Teatown), g •
(Greenwich), Manor Park, Ward Acres (New Rochelle), Boscobel (Garrison) and the
Scholarship announced in honor of Alene King,a L.I.F.E.member who died in 1973.
1975- 1976 Scholarships for summer study at National Audubon Workshops to two Chatsworth Avenue
Larchmont Reservoir. five walks. Some places School teachers(Ronnie Lee and Peggy Ann Richards)and one L.I.F.E.naturalist(Suzanna
1990 Approximately two hundred and eighty people participated inthirty-
mentioned were Manor Park for tree identification,Mianus Gorge,Cranberry Lake,Indian Livingston). Cornell Extension Service student scholarship awarded to Joseph Haviland,a
Point Nuclear Power Plant,
the Maritime Center (Norwalk, CT), Phillipsburg Manor, 10`h grader from MHS. Ann Sterbenz of MHS received a Student Conservation Corps
the Thomas Paine Cottage(New Rochelle),Washington's Headquarters(North scholarship to Utah. Ellen Tohn's scholarship took her to Yosemite.
Tarrytown, 1977 Scholarships for summer study at Greenwich Audubon were given to teachers Marjorie
White Plains),"Historical Larchmont Manor"walk and talk with archivist Bruce Allen.
1992 January walk at the Rye Nature Center.
Cotter(Murray) and Wendy Warnecke(Chatsworth), for Maine Audubon to teachers Sol Borelli(Central)and David Miles(Chatsworth). MHS student Jonathan Gleit went to Camp
1993 L.I.F.E.presented at an Organic Gardening seminar held by the Parks and Trees Committee
of Larchmont at the Larchmont Senior Center in March. Using a groundwater pollution Arnot. Previously awarded scholarships went to Naturalist Susie Livingston (Wisconsin
model,eighty adults learned that what they put on their lawns can not only be detrimental Audubon),Marshlands Conservancy Naturalist Alison Beall(for studies)and MHS student
to their family,but to eve living thin around LIS. Information was provided about non-
Ann Giordano(Mt. Rainier,Washington).
every g g 1980 Bonnie Burdick's scholarshiptook her to the Greenwich Audubon workshop. Fourteen
1994 Project Wild workshop for environmental teachin
toxic alternatives in the garden. g held at the Larchmont Reservoir. adults and students attended the NYS DEC camp in upstate NY,the Student Conservation
1996 Spring bird walk at the Larchmont Reservoir Conservancy led by Irma Volk. Camp in Washington, Audubon camps in Maine and Greenwich, Connecticut and the
• Wildflower walk led by Nancy Sterbenz at the Sheldrake Conservation Area. Adirondack Institute Backpacking Camp.
A trip to Teatown Lake Reservation's Wildflower Island was led by Jane Darby of Teatown Scholarship donated in the name of Kay Luther.
• who introduced the attendees to spring woodland flowers. 1981 Diane Dermer, Special Education teacher at Mamaroneck Avenue School, to Maine and
1997 Spring walk along the Leatherstocking Trail as part of the Town of Mamaroneck's 325th Wyoming
Anniversary celebration. 1982 Scholarship funds were again provided for area teachers, students and residents. Marion
• An identification and count of the trees in Manor Park was initiated at the request of the Rogers, a teacher, attended Greenwich Audubon's Ecology Workshop; resident Maryann
Larchmont Manor Park Society. To be published in map form,the document would be made Leitner attended the Audubon Camp in Maine; Richard Morgener and two other students
available to schools and libraries. attended the NYS Environmental Education Camp DeBruce in the Catskills; Randle
Thirty-three Wednesday Walks involved approximately thirty volunteers and two hundred Carpenter attended the Rogers Ecology Workshop,and one student worked in the Student
and seventy-five residents.
Conservation Association's High School Work Program in Yosemite.
• Two day Environmental Education Workshop was held at Manor Beach and at the Sheldrake
• L.I.F.E.ran Flint Park Day Camp for 3rd-6th grades.
River Trails.
1983 Students Niles Baker,Jonathan Finch,Andy Gerardi,Odin Zackman and Bradley Navarro Countless residents visited the L.I.F.E.table at the Emelin Street Fair. from the Mamaroneck school system attended NYS DEC facilities, Camp De Bruce and
•
• L.I.F.E.conducted a total of thirty-four Wednesday Walks for one hundred and eighty-eight Camp Rushford in Allegheny County. Maryann and Pinky Leitner attended Greenwich
residents. Naturalists led walking tours to many Critical Environmental Areas in the T
OM Audubon's intensive program. L.I.F.E. naturalist Jennifer MacLeod was awarded a full
and neighboring communities. scholarship from Scarsdale Audubon to attend the Audubon Camp in Wyoming.
2003 Stamp Art Card-Making Workshop. 1984 Scholarships to summer environmental camps(Camp DeBruce,Rogers Ecology Workshop,
55 56
Greenwich Audubon Camp)to three students and two adults.
• Another eight year old attended"Beginner Fish Camp"at the Greenburgh Nature Center and
1986 Five students and three adults were awarded scholarships. Funds came from private and studied marine and pond life,and learned to use his spincast fishing rod.
corporate donations. Wisconsin Audubon Camp was included that year. Library exhibits and programs
1987 Jacqueline and Ursula Burke attended Lake Colby Camp near the village of Saranac Lake
and run by the DEC, Daniel Lerman was at Camp De Bruce and Krystin Zappala did Larchmont Library
independent study at the NY Academy of Science. 1973 Pre Christmas program and natural Christmas ornaments.
1988 Four students received scholarships to environmental camps. 1974 "L.I.F.E. Center Month"-related displays from schools.
1989 Four students received scholarships to environmental camps. "The Quality of Life in Our Community"
1990 Justin Lind and Haan-Fawn Chau attended DEC Camp Rogers Ecology Workshop, near L.I.F.E. sponsored weaving class.
Syracuse,NY,David Heller attended Sea Camp in Stamford,CT,Michael Peters went to the
and Jennifer Chin went to Camp Lake 1975 "Insect Nurseries" and"Bird Homes". Four Story-Craft Hours for preschoolers with Peg
Marshlands Conservancy Summer Ecology Program Hulit of Rye,Margaret Dooley from Larchmont and Joan Kelly of Mamaroneck.
Colby. 1976 Exhibit: "Energy: A Time To Choose"by Mary Ehbrecht.
1991 With the support of the McDonald Foundation, seven local children attended summer 1977 Exhibit: "L.I.F.E.'s Web of Activities"by Mary Ehbrecht.
ecology day and overnight camps(LIS Taskforce's Sea Camp,Camp DeBruce run by DEC).
Ages ranged from seven to 1978 "Do You Have a Toxic Cupboard?" A display which offered alternatives to harmful
fifteen. Scholarships were also given to children attending chemicals used in the home.
L.I.F.E. Center courses at the Larchmont Reservoir. 1979 Trees ca Lared in t .
1992-1993 Once again with the support of the McDonald Foundation,summer scholarships were given 1981 10e Anniversary of L.I.F.E. exhibit featuring local animals and the like.
to the LI Task Force Sea Camp and The Marshlands, a Westchester County Parks and 1982 L.I.F.E. Center Annual exhibit-photos of the old Larchmont Reservoir.
Recreation Camp. 1984 Exhibit pertaining to Sheldrake Trails.
1993-1994 Continued support offered complete scholarships to two children to attend Cranberry Lake 1986 "Children Meet Nature with a Crayon" (artwork done by some students who had gone on
and one to attend Rye Marshlands. Partial scholarships went to two Naturalists to attend walks with L.I.F.E. naturalists).
Audubon Camps. 1992-1993 Irene Saltzburg,L.I.F.E.naturalist,and others led programs for children on various topics:
1995 The scholarship program was funded by McDonald Foundation ($1,000). Two students LIS birds, Native Americans and the environment, and holidays stories and their ties to
attended the one week Bronz Zoo Animal Kingdom Camp,another student attended the one nature.
week program, Bugged About Bugs, at the Rye Nature Center. A fifth grade student p while a seventeen year old 1994 Naturalists Nancy Carlson gave a program for six to nine year olds on fossils,Bethann Evans
attended the one week Greenwich and a for hermonth stay Society the Apostle Islands n Lake did a program on trash and recycling for five to eight year olds and Dorothy Rainier did one
received money for travel and g on rocks and minerals.
Superior in Wisconsin. Two adult naturalists attended the Audubon Camp in Maine. 1995 Video collage by Alice Model of Mamaroneck and Larchmont Conservation Areas
1996 Two children attended Animal Camp at the Bronx Zoo where they had daily contact with the
animals. One child attended the Audubon Camp in Greenwich to explore various local demonstrated L.I.F.E.'s environmental work and the need for a nature center. Exhibit moved
habitats. A high school student went to the Apostle Islands as part of a trip sponsored by the to Larchmont Village Hall, the Mamaroneck Town Center and then to the Mamaroneck
Library.
Student Conservation Society. Two adults attended Audubon Camp on Hog Island in Maines summer classes and a winter crafts program were held at the library.
where they explored"island,pond,forest and estuarine ecology in one of the most pristine
marine environments in the East". ry
Hommocks Libra
1997 Once again the McDonald Foundation contributed $1,000 to support the scholarship 1975 "Insect Nurseries"and"Bird Homes".
program. Three children ages nine and ten attended the Rye Nature Center which offered
" which taught about floods,fires,glaciers and volcanoes and how
Disaster-A-Da session g „
a Y Mamaroneck Free Library
they affect the environment. The other offering was a week-long "Camp Challenge 1 a Crafts class with items made from recyclables.
presenting campers with individual and group nature-based challenges to teach them problem L.I.F.E. co-sponsored weaving and quilt making classes.
solving skills. 1975 Four Story-Craft Hours for preschoolers(see above).
• An eight year old boy attended "Animal Kingdom Camp" at the Bronx Zoo and learned 1976 Mini courses:
about nutrition,behavior,adaptations and wildlife conservation by observing live animals. "Manor Park,Its History,Geology and Life of its Pools"b M Anne Johnson.
rY gY Y Mary A five year old girl attended"Pablo Python Looks At Animals"to learn about anima sizes, "A Forest Community along the Sheldrake Trails,relating the interdependence of creatures
shapes,colors, patterns, textures, sounds,locomotion and diet through poetry,music, art,
and plant life as well as life cycles in the forest"by Irma Volk.
games and contact with the animals.
57 58
i4+
tons of debris.
"Hommocks Marsh and its Constantly Changing Biology"by Kay Luther. Held a Bird Walk led by James Coe,L.I.F.E. Scholarship winner,for the community.
Exhibit: 0 Dr.James Utter,SUNY Purchase Assistant Professor,and students Joe Bergstein and Morein
"Energy: A Time To Choose"by Mary Ehbrecht. Cohen from SUNY Purchase present a summary with slides and aerial photos of their study
1992 Irene Saltzburg,L.I.F.E. naturalist,leads programs for children.
1997 Display of birds and their nests created by Phil and Joanne Schriver,Suzanne Carpenter and of the salt marshes at Premium,Hommocks and Greacen Point and the need for expansion
the latter marsh.
Irma Volk. Margaret Atwood,her daughter Jill Martin and granddaughter Christina donated
W
most of the nests while Walter Terrell (Weinberg Nature Center) and Mary Feldtmose Workshop on photography for children.
i
• Sponsored amateur photography contest.
(Brearley School)lent bird specimens for the display. Two part seminar on gardening: backyard vegetable gardening and spring-time care for
potted plants.
• Public lecture about comet Kohoutek.
Other ExhibitsL.I.F.E. gave a course about colonial crafts.
1980 Original map of the waterways and coastline of Larchmont-Mamaroneck hand drawn and 1975 Terrarium contest. Four workshops on"How To Build A Terrarium"held for Grades 4-6
lettered by Ann Gunsalus to celebrate L.I.F.E.'s tenth anniversary. The map indicated the at L.I.F.E.Center;two sessions for adults and students at MHS and at Hommocks. Thirty-
rivers,ponds,creeks,coves marshes and estuaries in the area as well as illustrations of their
three terrariums were submitted for the contest. After judging and prizes,terrariums were
wildlife inhabitants.95
on exhibit at the Larchmont library for several weeks (see Appendix XVI).
1991 Exhibit of recyclable objects presented at the Rotary Club's Environmental Fair at Harbor
Island. This exhibit was also seen at the Westchester Jewish Center's environmental event, Wednesday morning nature walks for adults and pre-school children.
• Two lectures on vegetable gardening given by John Albert of the NY Botanical
and a presentation was made at St. John's Church in Larchmont. Gardens drew about forty enthusiastic people for each session.
• Family Bird walk held at Marshlands Conservancy, Rye, by former L.I.F.E. summer
Community-wide Events
1971 February-Public meeting on life in a salt marsh. scholarship winners James Coe and Breck Carrow.
May-Musicommuters holds a benefit concert for L.I.F.E. "Family Camping Can Be Fun" program with speakers Barbara and Alan Anderson,
architects,and Marietta Williams,former Director of L.I.F.E.
• December- Ecology film with guitarist for children. Larchmont Senior Citizen Center-Four part course in dressmaking;two slide shows.
1972 April-Series of classes for a girl scout troop. Beautification Day-April 19 chaired by Susan Amlicke and Carol Schork with assistance
• April-L.I.F.E. invites Congressman Ogden Reid to speak. from the CAC. More than seven and a half tons of debris were collected from eighteen
• May- A walk for the entire family. different conservation and water areas. Excellent cooperation from three municipalities with
• May- Participation at the Mamaroneck Village Cherry Blossom Festival. volunteers from twenty-six different groups including L.I.F.E.,Girl and Boy Scouts, Cub
• May-Organization of a cleanup of the Premium River marsh. Scouts,Brownies,Campfire Girls,Mamaroneck Avenue fourth graders,MHS students,the
• June-Sponsored talk about limits to growth and the population explosion.
1973 Sponsored with schools a"Town Meeting" organized by the Regional Plan Association. S.C.R.A.P.(Student Corps for Recycling Aluminum Products)group from Murray Avenue
Five televised programs dealing with present and future problems(environmental,economic School,municipal groups,church groups and others.
and social conditions) with the question "Where should we be headed in 1976?". This "An Evening with Richard Ottinger and Ogden Reid".
• Program about LIS presented by Larry Vail from Wildcliff Nature Center.
involved coordination of many home viewings throughout the school district. 1976 Beautification Day April 3,led by Susan Amlicke and Margie Strauss,had four hundred and
• Program about status of wetlands. eighty-nine participants (50% increase over previous year) and seventeen tons of rubbish
• Sponsored Premium Marsh Clean-Up. were collected. Larchmont Bicentennial Committee provided about five hundred trees,
• Worked with SCRAP(5'Grade Program to recycle aluminum cans by picking up full bags
mostly larch trees,for planting.
at resident's home). Talk and slide presentation by Nicholas Shoumatoff who discussed his studies of Delaware
• L.I.F.E. sponsored a talk by SUNY Purchase Professors Paul Steineck and James Utter •
Indians.
about the Hommocks Marsh.
1974 Co-chaired with Larchmont/Mamaroneck Garden Club Beautification Committee to draw Co-sponsored with CAC a Recycling Conference to seek ways to increase recycling efforts
in the Larchmont-Mamaroneck area.
together many community organizations for special programs. In conjunction with the Larchmont and Mamaroneck League of Women Voters,a talk about
• National Environmental Awareness Week. Herrick J. Young chaired the Community
Beautification Committee. The tri-municipal Beautification Day saw the collection of eight energy by Dr. Robert Gross.
1977 Contributed toward Dogwood tree planting in Municipal Park next to firehouse in the VOL.
• Project ELFF (Emergency L.I.F.E. Feeding Fund) to help starving shore birds during an
95 CAC Annual Report 1980-81.
59 60
•
unusually cold winter when the Sound was frozen. Donors contributed money to buy March- Second talk by Norman Baker.
April-"Bottle Bounty Day"was in its third year.
cracked corn which was then distributed to people with established feeding stations. In 1985 Co-sponsored"Return of the Osprey".
addition,volunteer Mildred Warnecke established a feeding station at Harbor Island.
"How to Save Energy in Your Own Home", a lecture by Fred Moses, an engineer Virginia"Ginger"Stevenson and Ellen Freeman representing the TOM,Eileen Deutsch from
•
the VOM and Joyce Edelstein from the VOL co-chaired Beautification Day.
specializing in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of heating, air Sponsored program about astronauts.
conditioning and electrical systems(February 9). October-Fancily walk about plants held on a Sunday afternoon with pumpkin carving.
• "Ghosties and Ghoulies" slide-sound program by Stephen Kress of Cornell Laboratory of October-RV Oceanic three hour study cruise of LIS for the entire family.
Ornithology (March 9). 1986 Beautification Day- Seven hundred and fifty adults and children participated in cleanup.
• Film-slide-sound show follow-up study of Hommocks, Premium and Greacen Point salt Greenwich Point Park walk.
marshes by Dr.James Utter and Joe Goldman,a graduate from SUNY Purchase and N.Y.U. Leatherstocking Trail Hike on May 4 to celebrate 325th anniversary of the TOM.
Graduate Film Program. 0 "Whales, Dolphins, Music, Art and History"- Don Sineti folksinger (Co-sponsored with
• Beautification Day-April 23-Three hundred and eighty-eight people collected Scarsdale Audubon).
9,150 pounds of trash (6,400 lbs. in the VOL and TOM, and 2,750 lbs. in the VOM). participation in"A Taste of Mamaroneck"at Harbor Island sponsored by the VOM.
Chaired by Margie Strauss and assisted by Pat Tripoli from the VOL, Mary Lee Bradley Rainbow Road Dancers.
from the TOM, and Joan Kelly, VOM with Girl and Boy Scouts, Campfire Girls, CAC, Trip to Capriland's Herb Farm in Coventry,CT.
neighborhoods and individual citizens and Town employees taking part. •
1978 Attended Mini-Conference at Westchester County Center. Planning and execution of countywide Pesticide Cleanup Day on May 18`x.
• "What's Up There?"featuring Dinah Moche about how astronauts live in space.
• February-Sponsored"recycalert"contest to design a community recycling logo. Information for Welcome Wagon.
1979 Information display at Larchmont and Mamaroneck post offices. Virginia Stevenson chaired Beautification Day"for the TOM with Sue Svoboda from the
• April-Beautification Day-Two hundred and ninety adults and children worked to cleanup VOM,Joyce Edelstein and Fran Fisher from the VOL.
conservation areas,historic cemeteries,beaches and waterways. L.I.F.E.received a WC Department of Parks award for community involvement.
1980 January-Manor Park walk. L.I.F.E. sponsored a program on Channel 36 each Wednesday in April at 8:30 a.m. about
• Beautification Day April 12-Four hundred and thirty participants from local garden clubs,
environmental issues.
church groups, neighborhood organizations, service groups and individual volunteers 1987 Exhibit about Government Day assembled for the Town Center.
contributed one thousand two hundred and ninety hours to collect some six thousand two participated in the Emelin Fair.
hundred and ten pounds of litter and trash. See Appendix XVII as an example of Created a humorous walk for the Friends of the Reservoir's Ice Cream Social held at the
participants and leaders.
Larchmont Reservoir.
• Co-sponsored with CAC a bicycle tour of conservation areas on Earth Day to emphasize •
L.I.F.E. members provided crafts and canoe rides for the Premium River-Pine Brook
need for energy conservation. Association's(PPPA)event at Lorenzen Field.
1981 Co-Sponsored with numerous groups"Community Conference Day dealing with Substance
1988 April's Beautification Day was coordinated by L.I.F.E. Director Alice Bloom. L.I.F.E.
Abuse". Board members offered a two-cent bottle reward for any glass jars or bottles brought to the
• March-Lecture about adaptation. Maxwell Avenue recycling area.97 Assisting Ms. Bloom were Mary Lou Baiocco, Susan
• March-Solar house tour. Cavaleiri,Pat Hindin and Susan McKenna. Approximately one hundred adults and three
• April- Beautification Day, "Bottle Bounty Day" with CAC. L.I.F.E. offered 1 cent per hundred children participated.
bottle,which most residents did not accept,and collected six thousand bottles at the TOM Coast Week celebration,Manor Beach walk,Tidal Wetlands program with Chuck Hamilton
yard and three thousand at the VOL yard. (Chief of Marine Regulatory Section NYS DEC)co-sponsored with Scarsdale Audubon.
1982 Emelin Street Fair. 0 Participated in the Emelin Fair and the Taste of Mamaroneck program.
• January-2 workshops about insulating windows. Co-s Co-sponsored with Friends of the Reservoir the annual Ice Cream Social at the Larchmont
• February- Approximately three hundred residents attended a community program on the Reservoir and Reservoir Weekend Walks.
Voyages of Ra I and H with Norman Baker.
• The annual L.I.F.E.Library Show called"Congratulations to Larchmont"as a new Tree City
U.S.A.community emphasized the importance of trees in increasingly urban environments. 96 Award:from WC for Beautification Day projects in 1985 and 1986,for service to the community and for large
• Beautification Day-L.I.F.E. again handed out a penny per bottle. community participation.At this point in time,L.I.F.E.had sponsored and organized Beautification Day for fifteen
• During the course of the year,two solar house tours were conducted. years.
1983 January-Two session course on basket weaving with natural materials. 97 L.I.F.E.received a WC Beautification award.
I'.
6162
01
i
• Live animal show by Bill Robinson taught children how to respect and maintain wildlife
populations. The program was videotaped and shown on local cable. pick up litter,inventory it and bag it at Manor Beach,Dog Beach,Horseshoe Harbor,Manor
Thirty Wednesday Walks for three hundred and six residents to Critical Environmental Areas Park coastline and the Premium Point beach owned by Larchmont. A total of six hundred
in the TOM and neighboring communities. and sixteen pounds were collected. Once again,plastic was in first place accounting for
1989 Slide lecture b Dr.Edward Frankel,professor emeritus Environmental Education at Lehman 63.9%of the trash(the biggest offenders were plastic juice containers),metal accounted for
10.2% ,glass for 10.1% and paper for 9.9%. The balance were wood,rubber,and cloth.99
College,on the volcanoes of the North Cascades in Oregon and Washington.
• A special exhibit of animals of LIS was shown in September at the Rotary Club's
L.I.F.E.once again received a Beautification Day award from the Westchester Beautification Environmental Fair at Harbor Island and again at the Larchmont Centennial outdoor
Committee for its efforts.
• Beautification Day was held on April 29 with Dorothy Rainier as Chairman. Aluminum celebration.
was added to the collection. Five hundred and forty children and ninety-three adults Composting received special attention at the annual Ice Cream Social at the Larchmont
participated. Reservoir. A Master Gardener displayed model composters and people were on hand to
Bruce Allen,Archivist for the Larchmont Historical Society,presented a slide lecture on the answer questions and show the results of composting.
• history of"Manor Park: Larchmont's 12 Golden Acres". Another form of composting using redworms was demonstrated at schools,PTA meetings
Th third annual National Beach Clean U Da with San
and at the Potting Shed at the Reservoir.
The Sandra Marrafmo at the helm was held
P Y „
v 'brought
v Celebration of the Environment' b o
1992 A sold-out community event "Native American Ce o
on September 24. Approximately sixty adults worked at Manor Beach,Horseshoe Harbor,
tY g
Do Beach and Mamaroneck Harbor collecting bags of d
Nina Johns, a Native American who created corn husk dolls while telling stories. The
Dog g g debris which were then sorted an
Thunderbird Dancers entertained and informed a large audience while crafts food herb and
« ,
tallied. This is done nationally to to determine trends in pollution,possible sources of
Y try
P P
contaminants and a means to monitor the effectiveness ofP lastic and other waste controls".98 games also brought forth the one theme of the evening:Native Americans lived in harmony
with their environment,treating with respect the natural resources on which they depended
Forty-five adults and children took art in an environmental education cruise n the Voyager
ru se o
� P
Clearwater to explore parts of LIS. for survival.
1990 As reported by Chairman Kathleen O'Flinn,despite heavy rain,Beautification Day saw six Beautification Day-April 25 was organized by L.I.F.E.volunteers Kathy O'Flinn(TOM),
hundred people,mostly children participate. The were rewarded with seed packets donated Shelley Homsey(VOL)and Jane Marion(VOM). This event turned out over one thousand
P P Y P P Y
b Larchmont Nurseries and Tony's Nurseries. three hundred people including scout troops,garden clubs, school children,neighborhood
Y Y
Naturalist Andrew Simmons, lecturer and predator specialist showed a group of live associations, soccer and baseball teams. Tons of refuse were collected from twenty-five
•
predators and discussed their behaviour and environmental adaptations. Over three hundred parks and conservation areas in the three municipalities. Children were rewarded with seed
packets donated by the America the Beautiful Fund.
adults and children saw this community program. Vi
• The Earth Day Fair held at the Larchmont Reservoir in April included a recycling display With Citizens to Promote Recycling and the Larchmont League of Women Voters,L.I.F.E. 9'
ff
co-sponsored a community recycling meetingto begin to educate residents about changes
and a recycling puppet show. The latter entitled The RecycledKni Knights vs.The Trash-its
"
was written by Ruth Britt and used all recyclable materials to create the puppets. L.I.F.E.
that must be made in local recycling procedures under mandatory NYS and WC laws.
members Ruth Britt Caroline Newton,Joanne Schriver and Laura Thorn performed the very June 6 Earth Summit Ceremony at Manor Park to support the Earth Summit in Rio de
Janeiro. "Governments alone cannot secure the environment. As citizens of the world,we
popular show on numerous occasions for the younger set.
• Coastal Clean-Up day found sixty-two people at Manor Park and forty-five at Harbor Island. (must)accept responsibility in our personal,occupational and community lives,to protect
In Larchmont four hundred and fifty pounds of trash were collected with 60% of it being the integrity of the Earth"(from the Earth Covenant).
• International Beach Cleanup(September)was sponsored by L.I.F.E.,the TOM-VOL Coastal
the intentional plastic. That year Maine outlawed plastic 6-pack holders and Florida banned .
P ( Y P P
release of helium balloons.) Zone Management Commission, the PPPA and the Friends of the Reservoir under the
Beautification Day leadership of Sandra Marraffino. Fifty-eight volunteers collected six hundred and thirty-four
1991 Shelley Homsy and Louise Caiman,co-chairmen,solicited volunteers for
r pounds of trash from approximately one and a half miles of Larchmont Village shoreline
to clean up parks,playgrounds and conservation areas in the Unincorporated Town and the
and the Larchmont Reservoir Conservancy. Many cigarette butts,plastic tubes used in skeet
two Villages. Eight hundred people including the three public schools offered full support.
Susan Cavalieri initiated a program to give away seeds when household batteries were shooting,containers,bags and the like were found.
1
• December brought three family outings to the Potting Shed to learn about survival of plants
brought to the recycling depots.
• and the Coastal Zone and animals in the winter, the flora and fauna of LIS, Native Americans and the
National Coast Week Beach Cleanup Day,co-sponsored by L.I.F.E.
environment.
Management Commission(CZMC),took place on September 22 with Sandra Marrafino and
le turned
and twenty-four o out to
Elinor Fredston CZMC as the leaders. One hundred people(
ty
99
Report by Sandra Marrafino dated September 28,1991.
98 Lifeline,Winter 1989-90. 100
Annual Report of the L.I.F.E.Center July 1, 1991-June 30,1992.
63
64
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h
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1993 Beautification Day(April 16)saw over two thousand three hundred residents of Larchmont Rainier. The data was then compiled by government organizations to be used to track
and Mamaroneck cleaning the parks, school yards, reservoirs and LIS beaches.101 More pollution sources and to make policy decisions.
children participated than ever before. The event was organized by Kathy O'Flinn(TOM), Professor Barbara Dexter from SUNY Purchase and Wallace Irwin,Jr.representing Friends
Shelley Homsy (VOL) and Lee Leitner (VOM). Participation grew from eight hundred of the Reservoir gave a presentation in November about the Sheldrake River watershed. The
people in 1991,thirteen hundred in 1992 and two thousand people in 1993! Sheldrake River begins in White Plains, flows into Scarsdale and New Rochelle before
• "Animal Afternoon" had a standing room only audience at Central School. After emptying into the Larchmont Reservoir's Sheldrake Lake. The presentation was meant to
professional storytelling and crafts, Andrew Simmons presented his animals including a involve neighboring communities in recognizing impacts on the watershed such as street
black bear, a cougar, a horned owl and a golden eagle. The seventh and eighth grades runoff that carries litter,soil erosion and automobile residues that flow into storm sewers and
Hommocks School service club worked with L.I.F.E. volunteers. impact waterways. (Also see Chapter 5.)
1994 Maple sugaring at the Reservoir was demonstrated by David Fermoile, a naturalist at the 1997 On April 3,Gregg Quinn,a well-known gardening expert spoke about the intelligent use of
Teatown Reservation. pesticides and the benefits of using an Integrated Pest Management approach in the garden.
• In March, L.I.F.E. presented "Predators of the World". Families listened to professional April 26, Beautification Day drew more than one thousand four hundred volunteers
storytellers, made animal crafts and played animal games. Once again, the Hommocks including Boy and Girl Scouts, garden clubs, religious institutions, neighborhood
School service club worked with L.I.F.E.volunteers. Andrew Simmons spoke about what associations and many families. In addition to debris cleanup, flowers were planted at
is necessary for preservation of various animal species and their habitats. Murray and Mamaroneck Avenue schools, Sts. John and Paul School students helped to
• October 2 participated in the Friends of the Reservoir's Ice Cream Social with naturalist plant shrubs and flowers to control erosion along the banks of the Sheldrake River, and at
guided tours. Central School the PTA planted cherry trees and shrubs after the sixth grade helped cleanup
• Also in October,a Manor Park walk conducted by Bruce Allen,Manor Park historian,who the grounds.
discussed historical,geological and environmental matters of the area. May-second annual plant sale(see above).
• The third October event was a walk at Saxon Woods Park conducted by Dorothy Rainier, 0The annual Ice Cream Social co-sponsored by L.I.F.E.and the Friends of the Reservoir was
a L.LF.E. Center naturalist. held on June 1.
1995 International Coastal Clean-up Day to clean-up and document types of litter along waterways 0The L.I.F.E.Annual Meeting and Luncheon was held on June 5 held at the home of Suzanne
to devise strategies to combat marine pollution and to get people involved in possible and Randle Carpenter.
solutions. Led by Dorothy Rainier and Nancy Munno,approximately sixty-one volunteers & On June 19 in cooperation with the Library Committee of the Larchmont Yacht Club,
gathered about four hundred and fifty-five pounds of trash from the mile and one-half VOL William Broad, a L.I.F.E. Center member and Science Reporter for the New York Times,
shoreline and the Larchmont Reservoir Conservancy. spoke about his book The Universe Below:Discovering the Secrets of the Deep Sea.
1996 Beautification Day was held on April 27 with more than two thousand seven hundred young 0Storm drain stenciling project held in coordination with the TOM Conservation Department.
and adult volunteers coming out for the event. Thanks went to Chairpeople Kathleen Tracy 0Fall membership drive introduced a discount program for L.I.F.E.members at participating
O'Flinn,Jean Peron and Maria DelGuercio Stanton and the PT Reps at the local schools. local merchants.
Larchmont-Mamaroneck Little League,Boy Scouts,Girl Scouts,garden clubs,church and 0 International Coastal Clean-Up Day was held on September 21 with one hundred plus
synagogue groups, neighborhood associations and families worked in the parks and volunteers at Manor Park and forty-five at the Reservoir.
conservation areas to pick up debris. The children in the KEEPS Program in Mamaroneck 2001 The Sheldrake Community Garden harvested three hundred and sixty-seven pounds of eight
Village and Mamaroneck Avenue School students planted flowers, shrubs and trees and different vegetables for distribution to the Larchmont-Mamaroneck Hunger Task Force and
collected 10 bags of litter. Chatsworth Avenue School students learned about recycling, My Sister's Place in Mamaroneck,Providence House in New Rochelle and Palmer House
picked up litter and planted pansies. and Mayhew House in Larchmont. Thanks were extended by Bob Wirsneck, Committee
• The first Native Plant Sale was held in May. This dual purpose event to encourage the use Chair,to volunteers Janet Beal,Nancy Teply,the Degenhardt family,Daniel,Iris and Lee
of plants acclimatized for growing conditions in our area which therefore do not require Scoop,and Cathy McMichael Devore for help in planting,weeding and watering. Thanks
pesticides or excessive watering was supported by Joanne Grossman of the Larchmont were also extended to Friends of the Reservoir and the Westchester Garden Club(WGC)for
Nurseries enabling L.I.F.E. to make a$604. profit. Gisela Kronenberg was the leader for their financial support and participation, to Mary Ghiozzi and her pre-Kindergarten class
this event. from PEARLS School in Yonkers, Jen and Harvey Panagiotopoulos of the WGC for
• September 21 saw one hundred and forty-seven volunteers cleaning up about one thousand providing many of the seedlings, to Larchmont's St. John's Episcopal Church and their
pounds of debris from Manor Beach,Harbor Island and the Larchmont Reservoir. As was Youth Group for their financial support and participation.
traditional, the collection was categorized and weighed under the tutelege of Dorothy 0 September-Annual Coastal Cleanup led by Dorothy Rainier just days after September 11.
Fifty volunteers,mostly middle school age,collected over four hundred pounds of debris.
• October 14- The annual Fall Festival was organized by Paul and Linda Degenhardt and
tot Lifeline February 1994. �
65 66
4j
VIII
Debra Lazarus(refreshments by Bernie Lazarus). It included a live animal exhibition(Brian Harbor Island and Lazc
hmont Reservoir(Dorothy Robinson), native American music and story-telling (Kenneth Little Hawk), pond study ( o othy Rainier coordinator).
(Barbara Dexter, Suzanne Carlin, Margaret and Mike Merigliano), guided nature walks September-November-After School Nature Clubs(Cindy Polera)for kindergartners and 15`
graders.
(Kathy Savolt, Gail Koller), face painting (Dora Clarke, Cindy Polera, Debra Lazarus, and 2'gI
October 11-Family guided Nature Walks.Catherine and Audrey Wachs'Beatrice Weinberger),pumpkin painting(Jackie Lorieo) nd
October 19-Fall Festival with storyteller Kenneth Little Hawk,pumpkin and face painting,
music by the Reunion band. g,
2002 Beautification Day(April 20)and Arbor Day(April 26)were celebrated together when scout children s crafts,live animals.
November-Guided
troops and other children planted trees in the Town's former tree nursery near the Nature Walk-Leatherstocking Trail-family activity.
•
Leatherstocking Trail. Papermaking Workshop.
December-Holiday Card Making Workshop.
• Despite the severe summer drought,the Sheldrake Community Garden yielded five hundred
V and� sixty-seven pounds of vegetables,the largest crop for the fifteen year existence of the f! garden. See 2001 for information about who received crop and the people that were thanked. Other Education
1972 January-Mary Anne Johnson presented a program about environmental protection
The Annual Fall Festival was held on October 6 with music by the Good-n-Plenty band and
a Birds of Prey presentation by Tom Cullen. Wallace Irwin,Jr.returned from his new home at the Women's Club.
j''II II, in Virginia to present the SEC with a carved wood and painted replica of an adult male February-Mildred Warnecke gave an ecology talk at the Garden Club.
i
li
d l
d
E
.I.F. .developed a listing of ecological resources in NYS colleges and universities.
Hooded Merganser,which was formerly called"Sheldrake". As Wally said,"The Hooded March-Lg
Merganser is often seen in our area, and its having been erroneously called "Sheldrake" 1974-5 Colonial crafts classes-adult.
Crafts classes for Mamaroneck senior citizens at Mamaroneck Library. Also"Don't Throw it
centuries ago is probably the source of the name of the Sheldrake River,which flows into arY• i
Sheldrake Lake in the Larchmont Reservoir-James G.Johnson Jr. Conservancy." It Away demonstration and workshops. j
of Tie dyeing for Girl Scouts.
2003 January-Stamp Art Workshop making Valentine holiday cards-ages nine and older.
j January-March Winter After-School Nature Club for Kindergartners. Publications: historical walk tapes,pamphlet explaining tapes, summer experience stories
l it February-Papermaking Workshop-ages seven and up.
by scholarship winners.
Birds of Prey Workshop-ages eight and up. Photography workshops for children. Photography contest for children and adults.
Winter Wildlife Vacation Club-ages five to nine. Nature programs for Boy and Girl Scouts(February 1975).
i
j+'ll March-Wine and Cheese Social with lecture:A Billion Years of Earth History- 1987 L.LF.E.and the Friends of the Reservoir co-sponsored a summer toddler program("puppet
time, stories and nature walks) at the Larchmont Reservoir run by Dorothy Rainier and
The Geology of Westchester County-Dr. John Moyle.
daughter.
� I During school closings:Natural Arts and Crafts-ages five to seven(Cindy Polera). 1989 A three hour sail aboard the 95'Voyager with the Clearwater group and their"Classroom of
Instructional Nature Sketching for Beginners-ages eight and up(Cindy Polera). gl p
".
• April-Guided Nature Walk-Leatherstocking Trail-family activity. the Waves i
I
1991-2
A total of forty-three classes for ages two three a and ages f
i Arts and Crafts-ages five to seven and seven to ten(Cindy Polera). g our to five were held b
I I g ( Y ) g Y
Vacation Club: Buds, Bugs and Other Signs for ages five to seven and seven to L.I.F.E. naturalists.
nine.
• Irene Saltzburg conducted numerous programs for children,for example,teaching four and
• April 27-Beautification Day was a cold,rainy day but Brownie Troop 2522 led by Pat Allen five year olds and their parents how to explore the world around them.
worked at Harbor Island Beach and the next day at Central School; a family cleaned the Maryann Leitner assisted two to three year old toddlers and their parents in exploring nature j
J at the Laz
chmont
Reservoir both indoors
Sheldrake Trail as part of a Mitzvah Project;Town Environmental Coordinator Liz Paul led and outdoors.
a group at the Hommocks Conservation area. "Learning at the Reservoir"offered by naturalist Shelley Volk.
_ Marc
h
92- A work
shoP
on indoor composting with th w
orms was conducted b
y MarthaA April-June-After-School Nature Club for Kindergartners ners(Cordy Polera).
• After-School Nature Club for 151 and 2"d graders (Cindy Polera). Kaufman and Nancy Carlson.
I � May 4-Larchmont Reservoir Spring Festival-Ice ream Social with live music live animals
• Native American Celebration of the Environment with the Thunderbird dancers.
�I !` guided nature walks,Goodliffe Pond Study,facepaintingtc. A tree was planted to honor Native American usage of plants for food,medicine,dyes and spiritual endeavors. Shelley
Y
Wally and Barbara Irwin for their many years of dedication to the Reservoir Conservancy. Volk talked about the Native Americans who lived around the Larchmont Reservoir more
than 5,000 years ago.
May 9-Guided Brooklyn Botanical Garden Tour. School vacation and Saturday Nature Clubs were held for six to ten year olds b naturalists
• September 3- Wine and Cheese Social with lecture: Ecology of Local Wetlands- Peter Y y y
Shelley Volk and David Naar at the Larchmont Reservoir and at Chatsworth and Central
Warmy,Jr.
• September 20- 20`h Annual International Coastal Cleanup at Manor and Dog Beaches, Schools. Topics included the water cycle,adaptation,fish and other aquatic life,plant life
ji and seed dispersal mechanisms,animal life in the woods,seasonal changes,habitat,insects,
67
t 68
,i
Ahk-
bugs and worms, the use and value of natural materials,birds, including water birds, their 1986 Study of Saxon Woods by Dorothy Rainier,Mary Anne Johnson, Sandra Marraffino.
'i beaks and coloring and the nests of various creatures.
• Larchmont Rervoir-James G.Johnson Jr.Conservancy Walk Book with the VOL Reservoir
• 1993-4 Members of L.I.F.E. toured the MURF in Yonkers to see what happens to Committee,TOM CAC and Friends of the Reservoir.
recyclables.
1988 Larchmont Rervoir-James G.Johnson Jr. Conservancy Bookrevanup
Walk revised d dated by
• Discovery Days for four and five year olds led by Irene Saltzburg at the Reservoir. L.I.F.E.members Liz Stern,Dorothy Rainier,Sandra Marraffino,Donna Stuurop,Irma Volk
• Toddler Program for two and three year olds led by Maryann Leitner at the Reservoir. and Wallace Irwin Jr.
L.I.F.E.maintains a collection of audio/visual materials,books and exhibits for loan to teachers in Union Free 1995 Larchmont-Mamaroneck Conservation Areas and Parks.
School District.
Lobbying:
1972 Supported Environmental Bond Act.
Other Organizations:
1974 Program for Newcomers' Club. Supported NYS Bill No. 9860 prohibiting hunting of migratory game birds in Larchmont
Harbor.
• Reported to CAC monthly regarding L.I.F.E. activities.
MHS Parent Teachers Association. 1973 Opposed active recreation facilities at Hommocks and/or Premium River areas because salt
•
1975 Mamaroneck Rotary Club presentation slide talk by Joan Birnbaum and Mildred Warnecke.
water marshes are scarce and fragile,they serve as feeding grounds for fish and wildlife and
• Women's Club program by Margie Strauss and Irma Volk. retard flooding.
1976 Florence Park Rangers,VOM. Urged residents to speak out and attend hearings concerning proposed Rye-Oyster Bay
• Mamaroneck Women's Club presentation. Causeway Bridge.
1974 U.S. Senate Sub-committee hearing on Freshwater Management Act. Urged passage of
• Assisted with formation of Otter Creek Trust Group. g g g P g
. II
1977 Vivienne Brauman organized"Recycalert"for Girl Scouts in Larchmont and Mamaroneck. Freshwater Wetlands Management Act, S-10268A. Mary Anne Johnson makes statement
• Susan Amlicke spoke about Larchmont and Mamaroneck recycling to Westchester Junior on behalf of L.I.F.E. at Greenberg hearing.
• Retention of Alison Beall as naturalist at Marshlands Conservancy in Rye.
League. 1975 Pollution of Mamaroneck River by Blood Bros. brought to the attention of State Attorney
1978 June-L.I.F.E. volunteers led a walk for Larchmont Avenue Church congregation. General's Office. Blood Bros.required by Attorney General Louis Lefkowitz to construct I �'
1979 Co-sponsored with Scarsdale Audubon a talk about LIS ecology.
1981 November-Co-sponsored with Scarsdale Audubon a talk about salt marshes. 8 ft. high restraining fence and remove debris from Sheldrake River.
Village Ford notified to clean-up waste oil storage area and to cover oil saturated
1982 A joint program with the Scarsdale Audubon Society on"How to Care for Injured Animals" g p g ground at
was held in November. East Creek.
1985 L.LF.E. naturalists speak to the Larchmont Historical Society about weeds. 1976 SUNY Albany-Keep Environmental Studies Program.
1986 January- Sandra Marraffino spoke to the Larchmont Garden Club about Audubon Camp. 0Participated in hearings for NYS Tidal Wetlands law.
Worked with WC and local groups to introduce golf clubs to the Audubon International's 1977 Urged support for Senate bill S704 banning one way beverage container.
2002 Wo g P g
Cooperative Sanctuary Program which outlines Best Management Practices to minimize 1979 Retention and protection of Larchmont Reservoir as conservation area because of its
sedimentation and nutrient loading in nearby streams while reducing chemical use. importance in flood control, freshwater area for studying local vegetation and wildlife,
passive recreation,excellent water quality which could be used as backup water supply. Led
Assistance to Other Communities:
Larchmont Reservoir walk for County, local officials and citizens.
1972 March-L.I.F.E. panel provides a program to Harrison-Mamaroneck Newcomers Club. 0Ecology program about rivers given to large group at Mamaroneck Avenue School.
1976 Village of Ardsley Public Library-Loan of"Energy and the Quality of Life"exhibit. 0Advocated acquisition by WC of twenty-two acre Jay Property.
Undated New Rochelle Garden Club-Talk by Mildred Warnecke. Supported Bottle Bill for NYS.
Undated Rye Presbyterian Church talk.
1986 U.S. Senate-Bill S.1839 re:fragile areas and increasing tax revenues.
VOM-Fusco development of fourteen unit condominium '
in Irvington. p on Taylor's Lane.
1978 Nancy Hartford discussed Larchmont-Mamaroneck recycling g Y
1980-81 Suzy Livingston presented "Nature Against Vandalism" and "Nature Detectives", two 1988-89 Lobbying continued to preserve Jay property. Davids Island and the preservation of Bonnie
programs developed by naturalists for elementary and high school students to the Pelham Briar as a recreation area are added to the list.
1991 Commented on the Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the proposed development at
Recreation and Parks Department.
Bonnie Briar Golf Club.
1986 "Pond Life at Glenwood Lake"-Barnard School New Rochelle. 1992 Commented on a proposed subdivision of property adjacent to the Larchmont Reservoir(the
Publications
Diforio property).
•
Statement to Mamaroneck Town Board urging passage of a proposed incinerator ban.1979 Hommocks Conservation Walk Bookwith the TOM CAC.
69 70
,h •
I
i 6
1993 Continued submissions concerning proposed development at Bonnie Briar Golf Club and at Chapter 4- Larchmont-Mamaroneck Local Waterfront Revitalization Program
the Diforio property.
Background
The environmental needs of our area certainly have not lessened since the 1970s, and the public's
expectations today especially for their children's education are greater. Consequently the L.I.F.E. Center, I In 1972,the federal government passed its only land use law,the Coastal Zone Management Act,to protect
year to year an needs
now known as the Sheldrake Environmental Center, has expanded from y y d its financial the nation's threatened coastal resources. (The Clean Waters Act was also passed at that time.)The Coastal
have increased accordingly. Its success has been due largely to the efforts of hundreds of volunteers,many Zone Management Act called for a partnership between the federal government and the states.The latter were
II
of whom have been working for decades to keep the Mamaroneck area a leader in the field of conservation encouraged to develop their own coastal management programs based on federal standards,and to set their Vi
(see Appendix XII). own goals in exchange for federal funds and a say over federal actions affecting their coastal zones.
New York State(NYS)wrote its own coastal management program under the Waterfront Revitalization and
Coastal Resources Act for coastal areas from Lake Eire to Long Island.The NYS Department of State(DOS)
issued 44 state coastal policies regarding development, protection and enjoyment of coastal resources, and
provided guidelines for embodying these policies into a Local Waterfront Revitalization Program(LWRP).
It was accepted by the federal government in 1982. NYS in turn offered municipalities the opportunity to
write their own programs based on NYS policies and provided grant money for that purpose.
SII
A local program accepted by the DOS meant that the local government would have a voice over state actions
{. within their coastal zone. It also meant that the municipality would be eligible to receive federal funds for
a Y
i�
implementation in the future.
a
' w Planta �r-,
The Local Waterfront Revitalization Program (LWRP)
In September 1982, the Town of Mamaroneck (TOM) and Village of Larchmont (VOL) appointed a 23
m
d
member Coastal Zone Management Committee(see Appendix XVIII)to write a LWRP with the assistance
A �
of a planning consultant and funds from a DOS grant. The two governments acting jointly, adopted the
- TOM-VOL LWRP in 1986 under NYS's Waterfront Revitalization and Coastal Resources Act of 1981.
Founding fathers,Sheldrake Community Garden. Janet Beal and Paul Degenhart at the Reservoir's Sheldrake
From left:Howard Weinberg,Jack Slyper,Robert Community Garden. The LWRP adopted in 1986 had 31 applicable state coastal policies and 5 local policies. The LWRP, a
Wirsneck,Lester Tepley,Walter Strange,1991. Comprehensive Plan, was amended in 1994 and now has 34 state and 6 local policies. LWRP policies are
concerned with reducing and controlling flooding, erosion and siltation, eliminating raw sewage overflow,
controlling pollution and litter,protecting streams and coastal waters,protecting Critical Environmental Areas
and wildlife habitats, maintaining existing water related resources and access to them, increasing existing
water related facilities and open space, if the opportunity should arise and protecting historical and scenic
a
resources.
v
A
There are two unusual aspects to the VOL-TOM LWRP: it was the first bimunicipal LWRP in NYS,and its
coastal boundary includes the entire geographic area of the VOL and Unincorporated TOM. TheLWRP
U became official NYS policy in October 1986 giving it the force of state law and requiring that state or federal
b actions within its boundaries must"to the maximum extent practicable"be consistent with the LWRP.
� s
, C
v
The Town
and
Villa
o A i ge Boards also adopted 5 laws simultaneously:
• creation of the Town-Village Coastal Zone Management Commission(CZMC),
`" the"Consistency Law" (see Consistency Review Process below),
Stephen Coleman,Claudia Ng and Mary Anne James G.Johnson,Jr.,Wallace Irwin,Jr.and County
Johnson at the Reservoir.1991 Legislator George Latimer at the Reservoir Fall
g
Festival.October 1995 I 72
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Site Plan Approval amendment. The purpose of the law was to make LWRP Policy 14
effective: "activities and development shall be undertaken so that there will be no measurable
increase in erosion or flooding at the site of such activities or development or at other locations",
ems. Critical Environmental Areas102,and
• the Freshwater Wetlands and Watercourses Law"'
Larchmont-Mamaroneck Coastal Zone Management Commission(CZMC)
II�
l With the adoption of the LWRP, the Town and Village created an 11 member bi-municipal CZMC to
coordinate and monitor implementation of the LWRP. The CZMC is an appointed volunteer body consisting
` of 5 members from each municipality each serving for 3 years. A Chairman is appointed for 1 year
Q alternately by the Town and Village.The members represent different geographic areas within the Village
and Town,and bring special aptitudes,experience,expertise,insight and perspective to the Commission.
The first meeting of the CZMC was held on September 24, 1986. On October 29, 1986 Secretary of State
Project Riverwatch attempts at aeration, 1990. Goodliffe Pond-The Lower Reservoir,1991. Gail Shaffer signed and officially approved the LWRP in a ceremony held at the Mamaroneck Town
Center.104
The CZMC furthers the common interests of the VOL and TOM and the Coastal Zone by monitoring and
coordinating implementation of the LWRP which is concerned with the protection and improvement of
residential,environmental,recreational,historical and scenic resources. The CZMC advises and consults with
the two municipal governments, appointed boards, commissions and staff, and renders its opinion on
proposed actions in order to determine consistency with the policies of the LWRP and to insure
implementation of the program. CZMC members accept liaison positions with the Town and Village Boards,
Planning and Zoning Boards, neighboring municipalities, the Sheldrake Environmental Center and other
j environmental groups. The CZMC issues an Annual Report to the Town,Village and New York Department
( of State.
Each municipality's Consistency Law states that actions in its coastal area will be consistent"to the maximum
N extent practicable"with the policies and purposes of the LWRP.Therefore,the consistency referral process
w is a major tool in implementing the LWRP. Any action proposed or submitted to a Town or Village agency
Naturalist Cindy P0 era and students,2001-2002. that falls under the Consistency Law must be referred to the CZMC for a consistency opinion. Referrals come
from the Building Department,Planning and Zoning Boards,the Town and Village Boards and the DOS.
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102 LWRP Policy 7A created three local Critical Environmental Areas:Hommocks Salt Marsh and East Creek
Complex(East Creek was added in 1987),the Larchmont Reservoir-Sheldrake-Leatherstocking Freshwater Wetland
Complex and the Premium Salt Marsh Complex. See Chapters 5,6 and 7 for more details.
103 The local law implemented NYS Environmental Conservation Law Article 24,the Freshwater Wetlands Act. The
v - Wetlands and Watercourses Law adopted by the Town Board in 2003 repealed the Freshwater Wetlands law to include
z tidal as well as freshwater wetlands.
n a,
a�
Qtoa Conservation Advisory Commission Report 1986 by Elinor Fredston.
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a �
73
Sheldrake Lake-The Upper Reservoir, Summer Conservation Crew,2005.From left:Adam
1991. Kriesberg,Nicholas Smeets,Evan Palmer-Young,Rich-
ard Scudder,Nicholas Jensen,Douglas Halket,Timothy
O'Connor,Harley Seligman.
The Consistency Review Process
Consistency Review is a process to assure that federal,state and local actions that might have an impact on
the coastal environment are consistent "to the maximum extent practicable' with general policies and
purposes of the LWRP designed to advance economic development opportunities and protect our natural #
coastal resources. In Larchmont, any action proposed or submitted to a Village agency, if it is a Type I or v
Unlisted Action under the State Environmental Quality Review Act(SEQRA),must be referred to the CZMC f
for an opinion of whether the proposed action is consistent or inconsistent with the policies and purposes of
the LWRP. In 1998,the Town amended its"Consistency Law"(Waterfront Revitalization Law)by taking
it out of SEQRA and broadening the criteria for the basis of referrals and thereby making it more user
friendly. Brief descriptions of consistency referrals may be found in the CZMC Annual Reports in the TOM
Conservation Department files. °
Highlights of Implementing Actions Through the Years ->
�y Y
;
The CZMC has been involved in many environmental issues since its inception. Appendix XIX is a list of
these actions taken by the CZMC through September 2004 with references that indicate the Annual Report
where the subject is discussed in detail. Chapter 7- Pryer Manor, The Premium River and Conservation Leatherstocking Trail-"Before"1974. Installing riprap.Back to front:David Creedon,Charles
Areas also refers to the impact that the CZMC had on restoring and improving sites in that location. Martel,David Wittner(candidate)Greg Gibson,Arthur
O'Brien,1974. �
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Typical trail boardwalk installed j
_ by Town Highway Dept.
Views of the Sheldrake River along Brookside Drive.
y Leatherstocking Trail-"After"1974.
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Chapter 5- The Sheldrake River Area Larchmont Reservoir-James G. Johnson Jr. Conservancy
!j
The Sheldrake Watershed Larchmont Reservoir History by James G.Johnson,Jr.
l
� I
Chapter 1 dealt in great measure with this part of the Town of Mamaroneck(TOM)and its early conservation During 1982 the Larchmont Reservoir's significance to the accomplishment
history. The Sheldrake watershed which drains part of White Plains,major portions of Scarsdale and northern of the Commission's [editor's note: Conservation Advisory Commission
New Rochelle (NR) also includes about half of the unincorporated TOM. It"is largely developed but still (CAC) ] objectives was demonstrably confirmed. Management by the Town
has important areas of open space both in the Town and upstream.... It contains the largest surviving areas Engineer of the water level in the upper lake, through manipulation of the
of open space,and is under continued pressure for further real estate development. Flooding and the attendant new valve installed with the aid of urban County funds, reduced
problems of erosion, siltation and sedimentation are of major concern. The Sheldrake watershed is drained appreciably the impact of flooding downstream on the Sheldrake River. The
by numerous small streams which join to form the West and East Branches of the Sheldrake River. The West wC Soil and water Board (SWCD) undertook a hydrological study of the
Branch rises in a residential area at the westernmost edge of White Plains near Cushman Road. It then flows watershed of the west branch of the Sheldrake, a study intended to
south across Scarsdale into northern NR, entering the TOM at the Larchmont Reservoir. The two main identify further measures for controlling stormwater run-off and therefore
tributaries of the shorter East Branch rise in Scarsdale and flow southward into the Town between the Winged flooding, silt and trash accumulation and algae blooms. Interest and
Foot and Bonnie Briar golf courses,then join south of Fenimore Road in the Sheldrake Conservation Area. support for this project were shared by the Town, both villages (Larchmont
The East Branch then continues southward to join the West Branch east of Weaver Street at Valley Stream and Mamaroneck) and the City of NR, with active participation, through
I
Road. The river then flows southeast between East and West Brookside Drive,through a series of waterfalls Friends of the Reservoir, by private citizens from all four
to Gardens Lake(widely known as the"Duck Pond").Thence it turns northeast,flows under the New England municipalities.
Thruway,then enters the Village of Mamaroneck(VOM)to join the Mamaroneck River which empties into
Mamaroneck Harbor. The Sheldrake's problems thus affect our neighbors in the VOM as well as residents The Reservoir property served as the focus for the study in some depth of
of the Unincorporated Area.i105 The total watershed consists of approximately 3,000 acres north of the local history and ecology in the fourth grade curriculum in both the
reservoir and an additional 3,000 acres south of the reservoir. Chatsworth Avenue and Murray Avenue Schools- The program was enriched
through the research of L.I.F.E. Center and Friends of the Reservoir,
Larchmont Reservoir-Sheldrake-Leatherstocking Freshwater Wetland Complex including a videotaped visit to the property by a senior citizen who had
lived there around 1910 and was returning for the first time since his
As has been stated in other chapters,local legislation tied to the creation of the TOM-VOL Local Waterfront family moved elsewhere. The videotaping was handled by a student unit
Revitalization Program (LWRP) led to the designation of three places as Critical Environmental Areas from Mamaroneck High School. Students from the High School also assisted
(CEAs) in 1986 under the State Environmental Quality Review law. One of these is the Larchmont in the water quality monitoring program conducted during the summer.
Reservoir-James G.Johnson,Jr. Conservancy. In addition,Westchester County(WC)designated the latter
as a county CEA. "These laws regulate land use and construction-related activities in or substantially Many guided walks were led by L.I.F.E. naturalists and representatives of
contiguous to the CEA in order to limit adverse impacts,protect wetlands and habitats, and preserve open Friends of the Reservoir. A special celebration, complete with Morris
space." dancers, folk music, naturalists' demonstrations and ice cream, was
enjoyed by approximately three hundred and fifty residents.
"The Larchmont Reservoir-Sheldrake-Leatherstocking Freshwater Wetland Complex (total 520 acres)
includes the Larchmont Reservoir-James G.Johnson Jr.Conservancy,three private open-space areas of which The trails were extended and improved, and poison ivy eradicated in the
two are large golf courses,the Sheldrake-Leatherstocking Conservation Area,and connecting watercourses most accessible areas, under the supervision of the Conservation Director.
and ponds which function as habitat corridors.i10' A bridge was built over the Sheldrake River below the lower waterfalls,
thereby completing a full circuit of trail around the lower lake. The
telephone poles forming the base of the bridge were contributed by Con
Edison, and purchase of the rest of the lumber used was funded by Friends
of the Reservoir.
105 TOM-VOL Local Waterfront Revitalization Program Section II-Inventory and Analysis.
While arrangements for the long-term ownership and management of the
106 Policy 7A-Local Waterfront Revitalization Program. It should be noted that although owned by the VOL,the
Larchmont Reservoir lies in the TOM and NR. property continued under active discussion between the Town and the
75 76
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Friends of the Reservoir provided financial support for these efforts,
Village of Larchmont (VOL) , a comprehensive program of further
funding a summer work-study program [see below] for five young people from
improvements coupled with constructive use of the property during the 1
the community who, in addition to their physical labor on the trails,
spring and summer of 1983 was prepared by the Conservation Consultant and
gathered information on the flora and fauna of the area which will be used
reviewed and approved by the CAC. The Friends of the Reservoir agreed to
bear certain of the basic expenditures involved. in the preparation of an up-dated walk book. The Friends conducted around
the Reservoir property candidates for both the Village elections in March
and the Town elections in November, briefing them on its unique values.
By year end a petition endorsing the efforts of the VOL and TOM to reach � A third annual "social" was held in June, with nature walks led by
agreement on a means of preserving the property, signed by 1, 568 1
L.I.F.E. naturalists, local craft displays, a mural on Reservoir history
residents, was ready for submission to the Town Council and the Village
(both local and natural) by fourth graders from Chatsworth Avenue School,
Board.107
and (courtesy of Baskin-Robbins) clowns, balloons and free ice cream,
�
During 1983 the members of both the VOL Board and the TOM Council demonstrating once again the Reservoir property as a place for family fun. i
The Friends also played a role in working with the Village Board for the
apparently reached consensus on the desirability of preserving in
J modification of an earlier plan so as to make the Pinebrook Boulevard
perpetuity all of the sixty acres of lakes, woods and historical buildings
� building lot subdivision more compatible with the open space/flood control I
which constitute the Larchmont Reservoir property, except for two parcels plans for the remainder of the Reservoir property.
aggregating about one and one-half acres in NR near Pinebrook Boulevard.
At year end the terms of the arrangement for accomplishing this result In conclusion note must be taken of the fact that, in a year of record
remained unresolved, although the Village and the Town had under rainfall, skillful management by the Town Engineer of the valve
consideration a plan, proposed by the Village, that held hopes for
controlling the flow of water through the upper dam, in anticipation of
success.
heavy upstream run-off, prevented serious flood damage on a number of
occasions.10'
This plan contemplated that, with the blessing of the State Legislature,
a new legal entity would be established jointly by the Village and the
� The year 1984 was historic for the Larchmont Reservoir. On October 1 the
Town to which ownership of the Reservoir property (other than the
1 Board of Trustees of the VOL, the owner of the 60-acre Reservoir property,
Pinebrook Boulevard parcels) would be transferred. The Mayor and the
l adopted a local law dedicating it "in perpetuity" as a "conservation area
Supervisor would constitute the governing body of this entity, with a + for activities appropriate to its natural setting and quiet beauty. " Among
five-member commission to be charged with responsibility for supervising
the specified uses are: wildlife preserve, nature study, flood control,
j any program or programs for improving and utilizing the property. Similar
standby water supply in case of need, and environmental and local history
joint arrangements, for the Joint Sanitation Commission and the Larchmont 1
education.
Library, have been operated successfully for many years.
� This action applies to all of the property except for two building lots
The major question that remained open was the amount and nature of the
1 bordering on Pine Brook Boulevard. It has the effect of requiring that
financial undertaking by the Town with respect to the cost of maintaining
sale of the dedicated property, or any portion thereof, or any change in
and managing the property, including liability insurance as well as dam
� the public uses contemplated by the local law, receive the approval of the
restoration in the event of a serious flood.
New York State legislature.
Despite the continuing uncertainties, significant measures were taken to The Village Board made clear that its act of dedication contemplated the
extend and improve the trails, to improve the access roads leading to the
administration of the property, for the benefit of all, in full coopera-
lower dam, to remove long-accumulated litter and on the recommendation of
i tion with the TOM, the VOM and the CAC as well as with the City of NR,
the staff of the WC SWCD to remove trees from the two berms (small dams)
t within the boundaries of which most of the Reservoir property lies.
near the Pinebrook Boulevard lots.
f
1
' tos Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report, 1983.
to7 Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report, 1982.
I 78
77
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In December 1984 Mayor Miriam Curnin announced the formation of a was prepared by the CAC, the Conservation Department, L.I .F.E. and the
Larchmont Reservoir Committee, consisting of residents of Larchmont Friends. Published in June, it received wide circulation within the
Village, to advise and make recommendations to the Village Board with community. Research organized by the Friends demonstrated that the
respect to the maintenance, use and protection of the dedicated property. Reservoir area is rich in local and even national history. The results of
Both the Friends of the Reservoir and L.I.F.E. Center were requested to this research wcre the subject of a special exhibition during July and
designate representatives to serve as liaison with the Reservoir August at the Larchmont Public Library; much of the exhibition has since
Committee. The Committee scheduled its first meeting for January 1985. been put on permanent display at the Reservoir house. In September the
Friends and L.I.F.E. hosted the fourth annual ice cream social at the
Throughout 1984 the CAC, the Town Conservation Department and the Friends Reservoir.
continued (with the concurrence of the Larchmont Village Board) to work
together on measures to enhance the Reservoir property as a conservation These varied programs demonstrate the great value of the Reservoir
area and to demonstrate its value to the community in a variety of ways property to the quality of life in our area and underscore the wise
consistent with the terms of the dedication contained in the local law. generosity of the Larchmont Village Board in dedicating it as a
Removal of trees from the two berms near Pine Brook Boulevard was conservation area in perpetuity. Realizing its great potential while
completed, and preliminary steps were taken to strengthen the berms as a preserving
the essence of its natural setting and quiet beauty will
i
protection against flooding. With financing provided by the Friends, a require a full measure of intermunicipal cooperation, in both the public
fence was built across the base of the narrow peninsula in the upper lake and the private sectors. The pattern of intermunicipal efforts on
which has been designated as a wildlife preserve and nesting area for Reservoir matters that has developed in recentY
ears gives good reason to
birds. The trails were extended and improved, checkdams were built in the believe that this cooperation will be forthcoming.10'
beds of the small streams feeding into the lower lake (Goodliffe Pond) ,
and improvements were made in the approaches to the .lower lake via the The year 1986 was one of steady progress at the Larchmont Reservoir-James
paper street known as Sheldrake Avenue. For the second year a summer G. Johnson, Jr.Conservancy, accomplished through the cooperative efforts
intern work-study program at the Reservoir, financed by the Friends, of the Larchmont Village Reservoir Committee, the CAC and the Town
assisted with much of this work. Conservation Department, L.I.F.E. Center and the Friends of the Reservoir.
on the recommendation of the Reservoir Committee, the Reservoir house and
Great progress was made on the hydrological study of the west branch of grounds, including the near-by potting shed, were recognized as "a focal
the Sheldrake River, from its origins in Scarsdale to its confluence with point for the nature and cultural programs to be held at the property and
the east branch. This study was initiated in 1981 by the WC SWCD, at the as a center for historical research and education. " Following this
request of the Friends supported by the four affected municipalities, but decision, with funds provided by the Friends, substantial work was done to
ISI
had been delayed as a result of reductions in the District's funds and refurbish and paint the two buildings, and to add a room to the potting
staff. A final report by the WC SWCD was promised for early January shed in order to enable it to serve as a visitors' reception, conference
1985. Much of the necessary physical data relating to the entire and nature center. Existing trails were improved and an entirely new one
watershed was gathered by the Friends, with the aid of consultants plus a added; a new foot bridge was built; revised and expanded Walk-Book was
substantial amount of capable volunteer expertise. published and distributed. Two successful experiments, pointing to future
programs, were an afternoon of music at the Reservoir and a six-week
Particular attention was9 iven to the development of plans for repairing summer naturalist program. An exhibition of historical documents relating
and improving the lower dam. The Town Council, the Larchmont Village to the Reservoir and the Sheldrake area was put on display in the front
Board, the CAC and the Friends reached a consensus on the measures needed room of the Reservoir house. The Sixth Annual Ice Cream Social was
i '
to be taken. It is contemplated that work on them will begin early in enlivened by the performance of traditional English country dances led by
1985.
At the Reservoir, L.I .F.E. continued to conduct instructional nature walks
for children from the four elementary schools as well as for members of
the public generally. An entirely new edition of the Reservoir Walk Book 109 Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report 1984.
79 80
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The Reservoir Conservancy continues to be an excellent example of the
former Supervisor Christine Helwig,llo benefits to be derived by the community from inter-municipal cooperation
aided by the efforts of voluntary organizations. To the Larchmont
� I The year 1987 was a year of considerable accomplishment at the Reservoir
Reservoir Committee, the CAC and the Town Conservation Department
Conservancy. The following is a list of some of the highlights. congratulations and many thanks.11' it
Work was completed on the refurbishment and enlargement of the Potting
Flood control, water quality, outdoor education, and an opportunity to
Shed, and it was dedicated as a Visitor's Center and L.I.F.E. Field
enjoy quietly a rare and beautiful setting were all given significant
Station in February. Since then the Potting Shed has served to provide a attention during 1988.
focal point for a variety of Reservoir activities, some of which have been
made possible, in good weather and bad, by its availability. The installation of equipment to automate the valve to better regulate the
water level in Sheldrake Lake for downstream flood control is nearing
A substantial beginning was made on the projected wildflower garden behind
completion.
the Potting Shed, in accordance with plans developed cooperatively by the
j and
Because of the need for dredging Gardens Lake, the water level of
Friends of the Reservoir, the Larchmont Garden Club, and L.I.F.E. ,
with the Girl Scouts effecting the first tree and shrub plantings in
Sheldrake Lake was lowered and maintained at 5 to 7 feet below normal.
commemoration of their 75th anniversary. A vegetable garden was planted
Advice as to timing and mitigation was provided by faculty members of the
by the Westchester Men's Garden Club which produced a substantial supply Environmental Science Program at SUNY Purchase.
of fresh vegetables for the group of religious institutions providing
meals for the homeless. The lowered water level provided opportunities for archeological
exploration and clean-up of years of trash accumulation in the lake. It
Thanks to the Town Conservation Department, aided by a particularly also showed that there has been a dramatically large buildup of silt in
hardworking and interested summer work crew of young people, the Reservoir
the lake as a result of construction upstream. Early attention must be
fine shape, with new trails added, an osprey nesting
was put in p given to measures to trap property g p trash and silt before it gets into the lake,
Platform set up and much progress made on the
variety of other
projects
preferrably somewhere around the spillway at the base of Dickerman
'
s Pond,
under way. and to the removal of silt accumulated just below the Pinebrook Blvd.
bridge before it washes further out and becomes much less accessible.
A program was conducted of testing regularly the quality of the Reservoir
water, as part of Project Riverwatch under the leadership of Professor
Lectures and walks based at the Potting Shed covered such subjects as
Barbara Dexter of the Environmental Sciences Department at SUNY Purchase, birds, wildflowers, wildlife, wildlife tracks, bones, drinking water
and some sophisticated equipment for this purpose was purchased with joint
supply, flooding and water quality in the Sheldrake River watershed. The
financing by Riverwatch and the Friends of the Reservoir."' three-part series on the watershed culminated in a meeting in the Town
Center led by a panel of experts and attended by an impressive number of
A beginning was made on the repair and improvement of the 1929 Filter officials from the communities involved as well as representatives of
Plant, which ceased operration in 1975. Further work is planned in 1988. interested community organizations. Substantial progress was made on the
multi-year project of cleaning up and refurbishing the 1929 filter plant
Just at the year-end, contracts were signed among the Friends, the TOM and
so as to make it useable for education and other purposes.
the designer and builder of the valve automation project, intended to make
more effective the management of the water level in Sheldrake Lake (the A Westchester County Beautification Award was given to the Men's Garden
upper Reservoir) for flood control purposes. Club of Westchester and the Friends of the Reservoir for their successful
vegetable garden program, which provides produce for meals for the
llo Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report 1986.
112 Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report, 1987.
t t 1 See Chapter 3 for details of Project Riverwatch.
82
81
homeless. carrying out of several projects: the Town repaired the badly damaged
fence that protects swans and other animals in the wildlife sanctuary on
j The wildflower garden project (the National Wildlife Federation's Planting Sheldrake Lake's southwest peninsula. A second osprey nesting platform
an Oasis for Wildlife) showed spectacular results in May and June, but was erected on a small rock island just off the peninsula below Dennis
needs more work to be equally beautiful in summer and fall. Drive. And teams from the Friends picked up scores of bags of litter that
had washed down from upstream over the years.
The improvement of the Sheldrake Lane access to the Conservancy and the
removal of trees that were dislodging stones in the lower dam were among Other accomplishments: the VOL completed a new survey and map of the
many other important measures given attention by the Town maintenance Reservoir property; the small valve house atop the Upper Dam was repaired
crews. and secured by the Town and the Friends; the prolific vegetable garden
again supplied fresh produce to the needy via religious and social service
Of particular importance for future planning was the initiation by the VOL groups; the wildflower garden was further developed; a group led by the
to survey and mark the boundaries of the Conservancy."' Friends' archeological member, Birgit Morse, found five stone artifacts
chipped by prehistoric inhabitants of the area.
Progress continued at the Larchmont Reservoir-James G. Johnson,Jr.Conservancy with Wallace Irwin,Jr.
as President of the Friends of the Reservoir. Continued were the free weekend nature walks and talks sponsored by the
Friends. The Spring Music at the Reservoir and Fall Ice Cream Social were
i
Larchmont Reservoir- Wallace Irwin,Jr. again popular events. The quarterly calendar was expanded by adding a
newsletter to report on current developments at the Conservancy."'
The most important single accomplishment was the successful automation of
the release valve in the Upper Dam. Major credit for this project goes to Gardens Lake
the Friends' board member, Dr. C. Alan Mason, who conceived it and took
i
the lead in carrying it through. Dr. Mason worked closely with the Town Description and Location
and its Highway Superintendent, Tom Leddy. The device used is original
both in concept and in many of its details. It involves a computerized Gardens Lake,also known as the Duck Pond,is located in the section of the Town called Larchmont Gardens.
program with a feedback mechanism which can open or close the valve by This artificially created lake serves as a critical storm water retention pond for the Sheldrake River before it
degrees to compensate for weather-generated changes in the rate of flows into the VOM and discharges into Long Island Sound. It is also a siltation pond that continues to
upstream runoff into the Lake. It thus regulates the flow of water collect silt from the upper reaches of the Sheldrake. It is another component of the Larchmont Reservoir--
downstream while holding the water level in Sheldrake Lake to within an Shcldrake-Leatherstocking Freshwater Wetlands Complex,a scenically enhanced,picturesque strolling area
inch of the desired level at all times.114 The benefit in flood control was in the Sheldrake watershed providing a beautiful oasis in a residential district.
immediately apparent during storms in May 1989 when the valve prevented
flooding downstream along
Weaver Street, Valley Stream Road and Brookside History
Drive. Use of the valve also helps to protect the water quality of the
lake. The following excerpt was taken from Mamaroneck Town:A history of the "Gathering Place" written by
Paula B. Lippsett, M.D.16 in 1997:
The prolonged lowering of the water level necessary
for the Town's
dredging of Gardens Lake (see below) was difficult for the neighbors because According to The Daily Argus of Nov. 28, 1976, Clifford B. Harmon, a real
of the exposure of the mud flats. It did, however, make possible the estate developer, chose "Larchmont Gardens" as the name of his new 140
acre development to "cash in on the prestige of the village," which was
113 Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report, 1988.
114 .Below the Upper Dam is a large outfall pipe through which Sheldrake Lake's waters flow into the smaller 115 Conservation Advisory Commission Annual Report 1989.
Goodliffe Pond and thence to the lower Sheldrake and ultimately into LIS". The valve is in this pipe.
116
Wallace Irwin,Jr.,Reservoir Newsletter,October 1993. See Larchmont Gardens,p.27 in Mamaroneck Town:A history of the "Gathering Place".
83 84
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already well-known. . . . Larchmont Gardens consisted of homes and a park
Originally the plan was to dig out the lake bottom to a depth of from four
surrounding the man-made Larchmont Gardens Lake. Originally a swampy
area, the lake was excavated one summer by 80 to 100 men using picks and to six feet, but because this would entail a much higher cost it has been
axes. The soil and stones were carried away by horse and wagon. Joseph abandoned in favor of a shallower depth of from two to four feet. At
present the lake is so shallow that during summer droughts it practically
Rigano, a longtime Mamaroneck resident who worked as a water boy during
dries up.
summer vacations, recalled bringing water to the men, and horses, from
nearby farm wells." The subject of Town acquisition of the lake was raised. The Town was
asked previously to take over and improve the property by its owners, the
From a November 7, 1934 newspaper article: Larchmont Gardens Association.
The Planning Committee of the Garden Club of Larchmont discussed a plan to
From a February 1, 1936 newspaper article with photos:
beautify Larchmont Gardens Lake with the TOM Park Commission. "Lack of
funds, however, may cause the abandonment of the project." The
committee's plan is to properly landscape the lake, removing all dead Work was begun on the lake by the WPA. The WPA program provides for
cleaning the banks and the lake bottom, construction of a new channel, new
i trees from the island and around the bank, making the banks wider in dam and spillway. There will also be a
( new bridge over the western outlet by using dirt dredged from the bottom of the lake rip-rapping the
of the lake and considerable grading and paving. A retaining wall will
sides, and putting in groups of cherry trees, laurel and other suitable
run for several hundred feet along the banks of the brook that runs out of
plantings." Members of the committee planned and built a clay model of
their proposal. It was "a real work of art, and perfect in every detail" the pond. The WPA project`8 to keep the water at a higher level cost
$37,445 (Town contribution $19,660 for materials, tools and equipment;
measuring about 40 inches square. federal government's share for labor was $17,785) . Residents who
disagreed with the project were fond of the eight swans who summered on
The silt which has come over the falls at the Gardens Lake for the past 15
the lake, feeding from plants growing in the lake. The increased w
ears has gradually filled in the lake so that the greater fall is only
water
Y 9 Y 9 Y
would cover the vegetation
covered by a few inches of water, while other parts are only a foot or two 9 and probably mean the departure of the swans.
in depth, Mrs. Charles C. Kingly pointed out. The shallow depth of water
j From a September 4, 1936 newspaper article:
causes stagnation with its attendant odors and mosquito breeding in dry
seasons" .
The process of removing "heaps of dirt fill, rock and topsoil" and dumping
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same on the banks of the dried-up lake by W.P.A. workmen was projected to
From an April 19, 1935 newspaper article: be finished by November 1. The actual Town cost is expected to run far
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Preliminary steps towards creating a work relief project to dredge out below the estimate. . . .through various savings it has been found possible
Larchmont Gardens Lake, now said to be practically filled with silt, were to make. Town Engineer A.J. Foote said that "the most cumbersome of the
taken by the Town Board last night when it conferred on the project with work is already finished, and a crew of 20 men employed 4 days a week on
it Frank Downes chairman of the Town Park Commission and with Chief the lake is now mostly busy trimming up its sides. Huge rock ripraP has
been laid along the north bank, leaving only the southerly end still to be
Engineer Rundell of the county work relief bureau. The project will cost
got into shape. After that finegrading, to soilin and construction of
about $25, 000 and will mean employment of scores of local workmen. . . . The sidewalks will bring the project to competion. Formerly the banks of the
Town Board expects it to become its first work project under President Y
Roosevelt's new work relief setup that is to spend $4, 800, 000 during the lake were monotonously symmetrical. The design of the banks was changed
summer.
to be irregular in contour to conform to the model made by the Planning
Committee of the Garden Club of Larchmont.
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117 Also mentioned in the article were Mrs.S.A.McClellan,Mrs.Knud Englested and Miss Lindsley. Other projects
to be executed by the club included thinning out and replanting shrubs at Station Plaza,and doing extensive work at 118
Described as Sheldrake Lake in the WPA projects list and as"an artificial body of water created as part of a real
Flint Park. estate development some time ago when the first houses were built and sold there".
85
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A channel leading from the lake falls down which the Sheldrake tumbles 1986-90 Dredging Project
into the basin to the outlet at the far side, is about two feet deeper
than the rest of the lake bed. This channel is now serving to keep the Procedures for dredging had changed from 1970 when the TOM Park Commission handled the dredging
water from flowing over the entire lake. . . .a 48-inch blow-off pipe has project under its Chairman Maury Medwick to formalized requirements with the Town Board as lead agency
been laid from the lower end of the channel to run under the adjoining resulting from New York State(NYS)and local laws that were now in place. In 1986,Malcolm Pirnie was
road, and will be used to empty the lake bed whenever the need presents hired for its engineering services which included dredging and disposal alternatives. By August of 1987,the
itself. An aesthetic feature planned for the rejuvenated lake is water Town Board approved chemical studies of the water. Gardens Lake was at a depth of 1.8 feet- almost
cascades, both where the Sheldrake pours into it and where the same river completely filled with silt from upstream erosion, a condition that exacerbated flooding and seriously
drains it again at the east end. A concrete dam has been built at the impaired the beauty of this local landmark.
lower end and is to be covered with cobblestones and rocks to make it look
like a natural cataract. water pouring over the obstruction will fall In March 1988,the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation(DEC)issued a Freshwater Wetlands
into a pool below. The floor of the pool will be cobblestoned. permit to dredge,but classified the silt as industrial waste which meant that the sediment could not be used
at Hommocks Field, a very controversial disposal site. High levels of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)
1970 Dredging were probably the primary source as runoff from the Thruway (I-95)120 entered the pond. The Town
�i investigated numerous landfills and county sites to no avail. The dredging was finally completed in June
Information for 1970 was obtained from various Journal News newspaper articles,probably The Daily Times 1989. Park like touches of a pedestrian bridge,new pathways,benches and plantings were added along with
(copies of these articles omitted the newspaper name and specific dates),and correspondence to Supervisor Japanese Black Pines to screen the Thruway.
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Christine Helwig from Town Engineer William Widulski dated July 20, 1970. Mention was made that the
lake had been dredged in 1951,but no substantiating data was found. The dredging cost$248,000 to restore a 4 foot depth by removing 6,000 cubic yards. There was
an additional charge of$45,600 because the dredged material which was dried on site had to be trucked more
Preparation began in August 1966 to try to determine the amount of sediment to be removed in order to go than 30 miles for disposal. The cost of the restoration and additional engineering charges realized from the
out for bids for the project; however,the project was eliminated from the 1967 and 1968 budgets. In April requirements of the NYS DEC and the WC Health Department brought the total project cost to just over
1970,bids were received to remove 6,000 cubic yards using a dragline method from the shore of the lake with $400,000.121
half of the soil to be delivered to Hommocks Park and the remainder to be disposed of by the contractor. This
method would require a minimum boom length of eighty feet. To be sure that bidders with smaller equipment According to a memorandum written by Town Administrator Stephen Altieri:
could compete, an alternate method allowing the contractor to build access points from the shore was "A six foot deep channel has been dug across the pond where the river
w included. Four bids ranging from$34,750 to$43,700 were received,which exceeded the budgeted amount current naturally runs. It is projected that the siltation will primarily
of$25,000. It is interesting to note that the low bidder included$1,000 to construct a silt basin. By June it occur in this channel. we plan to scoop out the channel periodically. The
was decided that in order to arrive at a more accurate amount of sediment to be removed,the lake would be
planting design will allow trucks and other heavy equipment to approach
dewatered and allowed to dry. This was done,but unfortunately a heavy rain in July defeated the assessment. the pond for this process and minimize restoration needs. An automatic
valve at the far end of the pond will allow us to easily lower the water
i
Finallya$23,700 contract was awarded to Pinnacle Construction Co. of Rye to remove 6,000 cubic yards level for this maintenance. The NYS Thruway Authority has installed a
Y Y
of silt @ 3.95 per cubic ard119 to be used in grading and filling the project at Hommocks Park. Supervisor -
� $ p y g g g P J p siltation basin to avoid petroleum run-off going into the pond.
Helwig stated: "approximately 8,000 cubic yards were removed creating a 6-7 foot deep channel in the east
portion. The west portion and the area behind the island is to remain 2-3 feet deep". 1998 Dredging
Residents who were concerned about the fate of fish and six white ducks who were unable to fly saw Gardens Lake again filled with siltation from upstream development and erosion, and is,an example of the
neighborhood groups of young people called the Wildlife Patrol and the Committee to Let It Live transfer price that must be paid--in taxes as well as inconvenience to residents--for unsolved problems of runoff and
hundreds of fish to the lower Sheldrake River. A wildlife restoration group moved the domestic ducks.
120 In August 1990,the Thruway Authority eliminated an existing drainage pipe outlet at Gardens Lake and
constructed a more efficient arrangement.
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119 Removal costs only per cubic yard ranged from$1.02 in 1966,$1.12 in 1967 to$1.50 and$2.00 in 1970. Added 121 The Duck Pond project was part of the Town's capital improvement program. The entire bill for dredging and
to that number was the cost of hauling and disposal. beautification was paid out of surplus funds generated primarily from unanticipated revenues.
87 88
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sedimentation, and the need for intermunicipal watershed management especially for downstream areas. Editorial comment:If the sediment basin project and the 2007 dredging do not serve to deal with the all too
Once again, the Town was confronted with the need to remove accumulated leaves and branches from frequent buildup of silt in Gardens Lake,future Town Boards will have to consider the possibility of creating
a beautiful park with the Sheldrake River running through it as has been suggested throughout the years by
Gardens Lake. This time a small paddle driven boat with a backhoe type mechanism was able to clear the
channel for a cost of$35,000. NYS and others. The frequent prohibitive cost of dredging and the difficulty and expense involved with
disposal have made Gardens Lake a huge burden for the Town.
Sedimentation Basin Proiect
Sheldrake River Restoration Projects
y ' 'f As recommended in the December 2000122 Watershed Advisory Committee 4(WAC 4)123 report Controlling
4. '
Polluted Stormwater:A Management Plan for the Sheldrake and Mamaroneck Rivers and Mamaroneck 1997
Harbor, .the WC Department of Planning applied in 2003 and received in 2004 a grant to construct a
'= sedimentation basin in Gardens Lake. The project was intended to slow the rate of sedimentation in the lake The Town received a$30,000 NYS Environmental Protection Fund grant for a Sheldrake Bank Stabilization
to improve water quality and to increase the lake's capabilities as a flood control basin and site for ecological Project.The latter was to prevent further deterioration of the river banks by installing plants at a section of
restoration. It is expected that the basin will also extend the time intervals for the dredging of the lake. the west branch of the Sheldrake River located between Briarcliff Road and Hickory Grove Drive,thereby
reducing siltation and nonpoint source pollution in the Sheldrake River. The NYS DEC Priority Waterbodies
To install the sedimentation basin,a wall was assembled across the Sheldrake River where the river enters List states that pollutants in the Sheldrake River come from construction, storm sewers,urban runoff, and
the lake near the vehicle and foot bridge on Lakeside Drive. Constructed of approximately 150 large cement stream bank erosion and that the major pollutants are nutrients,silt and sediments,and possible impairments
blocks,each weighing about a ton and one-half,the wall was built to remain just under the surface of the lake. are oil and grease.
The cement blocks were covered with stone to improve the appearance of the wall. In order to complete the
project,the Town had to significantly drain water from the lake and also lower the Larchmont Reservoir to The project contributed to a comprehensive and coordinated approach to solving water quality impairments
maintain less flow in the Sheldrake River;during construction. A temporary coffer dam was installed to and/or restoring aquatic habitat because it advanced the work of WAC 4 (see Chapter 8) and advanced
dewater the area where the sedimentation wall was consttucted. The project,begun in June was completed numerous TOM-VOL LWRP policies". To correct the described problems,herbaceous vegetation was re-
by July 2004.124 established where it historically was found. To establish the plants in this active flood corridor and at the
toe of the embankment,the Fiber-Schine system was employed as a means of erosion control. Plants were
Gardens Lake Proiect-2006-2007 planted directly into the Fiber-Schine,a log shaped geotextile manufactured from coconut husk fibers,which
was held in place by hardwood stakes.Voids were filled with pea-sized gravel or filled and covered with a
Also recommended in the WAC 4 report was dredging Gardens Lake to its original design capacity and woven erosion control blanket made of coconut husk fibers. The filled areas were then planted with the
installing a vegetated aquatic bench,or shelf,around the pond's perimeter. Once again WC applied for and appropriate wetland vegetation. The wetland was allowed to grow without being mowed. The bottom of the
received a 1996 Clean Water/Clean Air Bond Act grant with the support of the TOM and NR entitled stone walls were planted with Fiber-Schines wherever serious washout conditions occurred. The wetland
"Sheldrake River Corridor Water Quality and Habitat Improvement Project". This far-reaching proposal plants were meant to act as a live filter to prevent further erosion and to accumulate sediments to protect the
Country Club and Gardens
ranged from Carpenter Pond and Dickerman's Pond in NR to the Bonnie Briar foundation of the stone walls. Over time,the coconut fiber would disintegrate. Approximately 100 shrubs
were planted along the higher portions of the embankment. The shifting sediment banks in the stream were
Lake in the Town. The Town portion of the grant will involve removing sediment from Gardens Lake to
improve water quality and habitat. It was proposed that shallow aquatic "benches" or "shelves" be stabilized with appropriate wetland plantings.
' established along select segments of the pond and lake edge to be planted with native aquatic plants (e.g.,
sedges,rushes,bulrushcs). The Town's financial contribution to this million dollar grant is $400,000. 2005
The Town received a$20,000 grant from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Long Island Sound(LIS)
122 WAC 4 was comprised of representatives from the cities of New Rochelle and White Plains,towns of Harrison and
Mamaroneck,and villages of Mamaroneck and Scarsdale with administrative and technical assistance from the 125 Policy 21-the primary objective of this policy is to preserve those water-related facilities that now exist and to
Westchester County Department of Planning. protect them against abuse,overuse and physical deterioration;Policy 25 speaks of protecting features of particular
' scenic quality including the Brookside Drive-Gardens Lake area. The Sheldrake River is a significant contributor to
the scenic quality of the Town's coastal zone. Although this portion lies in a completely developed residential area,it
123 Also see Chapter 8. is a beautiful strolling area available to residents for passive recreation,and is also part of the habitat corridor that
connects tributaries of the Sheldrake River to the Reservoir-Sheldrake Leatherstocking Critical Environmental Area.
• 12aFrom a Memorandum to the Supervisor and Town Board from Town Administrator Stephen Altieri dated March 9, Policy 37"Best Management Practices will be utilized to minimize the nonpoint discharge of excess nutrients,organics
and eroded soils into coastal waters".
2004
89 90
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Futures Fund. This project was meant to demonstrate plantings of native trees,shrubs and perennial species accretion to buffer the stream banks while slowing the velocity of the Sheldrake during storm events.
at a public site, Gardens Lake, tb encourage use of native species in homeowners--gardens. Signs would
name species, sun/shade placement, soil requirements as well as blooming season and color. The use of At this writing,the Town is awaiting the contract from NYS DEC to activate this project.
native species discourages the use of herbicides,pesticides and fertilizers which add to nonpoint pollutants
1' reaching LIS. Areas surrounding the lake would be planted with low shrubs and seasonal grasses to deter Canada Geese
Canada geese from reaching the water. New walking paths would demonstrate the use of pervious materials
and their environmental advantages,also to encourage residential use. The TOM and NR working together each passed legislation in 1995 prohibiting the feeding of water fowl.
y With the tremendous increase in non-migratory geese fouling waterways,this was seen as an obvious way
In collaboration with the Sheldrake Environmental Center, residents living near a waterway would be to discourage geese from these sites.Well-intentioned people supplied the geese with food, although their
recipients of a Door Hanger bag delivered by scouts and adult volunteers to provide public education through natural diet was not bread based,adding to the dilemma of lack of migration.While education was and is a
distribution of appropriate reading material. Partnering with the Sheldrake Environmental Center, which basic solution,both governments sought to get residents' attention by passing the law and posting"Do Not
already instructs school children and adults alike,the message concerning the benefits of using native species; Feed Waterfowl"signs.As is often the case with quality of life legislation,lack of police patrols at sites like
i.e. low maintenance, little or no need for pesticides and fertilizers, a boon for birds,butterflies and other Gardens Lake provided little enforcement,and the problems attendant to Canada geese droppings polluting
wildlife,saving water,saving money and protecting air quality,would hopefully increase public support and both on land and in the waterways continues.
help reduce the amount of nitrogen and phosphates reaching LIS.
Bonnie Briar Golf Club
Because of the delay of the county project for Gardens Lake(see Gardens Lake 2006-2007 above), this
grant has not been activated as of this writing. The Sheldrake River also flows as a 1,000-linear-foot segment through the Bonnie Briar Golf Course where
it is experiencing bank erosion. For the most part, the golf course is bordered on both sides by closely
2006 cropped lawn on which is applied fertilizers and,occasionally,pesticides,fungicides and herbicides.To curb
the erosion and sedimentation, control thermal pollution and algal growth, and filter out some of the
In September,the Town received a Water Quality Improvement grant for the Sheldrake River for $125,000. chemicals that enter the river from the golf course, the stream bank will be stabilized by bioengineering
Once again the area in question involves a 1,400 ft length of the Sheldrake framed on either side by Brookside techniques using coir"fiber-schines"and establishing relatively low-growing herbaceous material,such as
Drive from Hickory Grove Drive to Lansdowne Drive. sedges,rushes,and irises. The height of these plants will not interfere with golf play on the adjoining golf
course fairways. WC began planning this project in 2005;construction was completed in 2006.
This proposed restoration project will use best technologies strategies to improve the water quality of the
Sheldrake River. Invasive vegetation will be removed and native species will be planted to reduce erosion, Recreation Zone
remove nutrients from surface runoff,and to retain and recycle natural decomposed materials. Native riparian
shrubs and trees and herbaceous plants able to withstand the scouring effects of the stream will be planted. The very important zoning of Bonnie Briar and Winged Foot Golf Courses as Private Recreation
The banks will also be dominated by herbaceous species which stabilize soils,provide habitat,and prevent (see below) allowed the Town to meet, in large measure, its responsibilities not only toward mitigating
the establishment of nonnative species. flooding in the Sheldrake River drainage basin, but of equal importance, maintaining open space for its
ecological,recreational and scenic values.
Bare soil and lawn on the stream bank edge,which are subject to erosion and absorb a minimum of water thus
adding to runoff,will be planted with native riparian shrubs,small trees and herbaceous plants. Salt resistant In 1988-1989, the CZMC agreed to partake and assist the CAC in its mapping project involving the
and pollution tolerant trees will be planted to prevent cars from parking,capture and filter pollutants before Sheldrake Watershed. The proposed study objectives were: (1)to collect natural resource and hydrologic
they reach the river and act as an upland buffer. Grass will no longer be grown there eliminating the need data for the East Branch of the Sheldrake River Watershed within the TOM and the West Branch from the
for mowing. lower Larchmont Reservoir(Goodliffe Pond)to Gardens Lake;(2)to conduct a computer analysis of flood
levels and flow velocities for both branches for the 2, 10, and 100 year storms; and (3) to develop an
During storm events,the stream channel becomes a high velocity torrent damaging both benthic and riparian integrated land use plan containing zoning and planning techniques that might be employed for any
habitats, and making it a difficult site for plant survival. In-stream"structures"will improve water quality undeveloped portions of the watershed in order to maximize natural resource retention and flood control
by increasing oxygen concentrations in the water column and encouraging aquatic organisms. For example
some of these might be a W-shaped line of stones that span the width of the stream and create a sequence of
riffles and pools,a linear arrangement of stones angled upstream that span a portion of the stream,and large
woody debris also known as organic rip-rap to alter the stream course and create zones of scouring and
91 92
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capacity.126 After several consultants'proposals were submitted,it was realized that this project far exceeded
both the CAC and CZMC budget lines.The TOM agreed to consider the mapping project in a future budget
since it had begun to study land use regulations in the Bonnie Briar and Winged Foot golf course area.
Iii 1990,the Town Board hired Ferrandino Associates to prepare a Generic Environmental Impact Statement
(GEIS) for a possible Conservation Recreation zone amendment, and Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. was hired to
develop a Hydrologic Study of the Upper Sheldrake River Watershed with the assistance of the WC SWCD.
In 1991,the TOM accepted the Draft GEIS and then held public hearings. The CZMC submitted detailed
documents during this process.12' Because of the comments received during the public hearings,Ferrandino
was asked to prepare a Supplemental Draft GEIS(SDGEIS)with assistance from knowledgeable volunteers
which was ultimately accepted by the Town in the fall of 1992. The CZMC prepared the SDGEIS sections ;
on Wetlands and Terrestrial and Aquatic Resources and Conformity with the TOM-VOL LWRP and Master
a A
Plan with the assistance of a consultant naturalist.
N Q
The Recreation zone legislation adopted by the TOM in July 1994 was an exceedingly important law that W
impacted"more than 400 acres of open space(approximately 12%of the total land area in the TOM),and
the potential for impacts on population,municipal services,taxes,recreational facilities,flooding,traffic and Gardens Lake aka The Duck Pond. v
open space" lzs o .
Land Preservation o
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On March 28,2002,the heirs of Hallie and J.Wendell Sether,their daughters Nancy Sether Masterson and 9
Jo Ann Sether Bowes,gave the Town a deed to a one-half acre natural area for conservation purposes. This
was achieved by subdividing the land at 7 Durham Road leaving what was their parents' home and land Typical Dredging Boat.
intact and creating Sether Woods on the remainder. The deed stipulates that the land will be used "to
preserve the scenic,wildlife and parkland values of the site in perpetuity consistent with the conservation
and parkland purposes so that said premises shall be a natural woodland and habitat and haven for
indigenous wildlife including mammals,birds,reptiles,amphibians and beneficial insects". This is a site
for passive recreation only; no structures can be placed there except benches, birdfeeders and the like.
Nature trails with a raised boardwalk and interpretive signage may be constructed. This gift was absolutely a
appropriate to especially honor Hallie Sether who had been an active environmentalist(see Appendix V 0
for nature stories by her).
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126 _ mission
Third Annual Report of the Town of Mamaroneck Village of Larchmont Coastal Zone Management Com
October 1988 through September 1989. Town Civil Engineer David Goessl at installation of the
sedimentation basin at Gardens Lake,2004.
127 See Appendix XIX-CZMC Implementing Actions. The LWRP contains Biological and Botanical Inventories for .
the Reservoir-Sheldrake-Leatherstocking Complex at Appendices C and D. �7l�!!Wi_
128 Seventh Annual Report of the TOM-VOL CZMC October 1992 through September 1993.
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The Falls above Gardens Lake.
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Chapter 6- The Hommocks Area
Hommocks Lands Committee
November 12, 1964 saw the formation of the tri-municipal and Board of Education Hommocks Lands
Background Committee (see Appendix XX). The Committee"shall study and determine how the Hommocks lands may
The Town of Mamar9neck(TOM)acquired about 171fz acres in the Hommocks area in 1947 through tax lien
be developed and used as potential recreation resources in the best interests of the entire Town". Supervisor
foreclosures. Studies of the possible uses of these lands made in 1948-49 projected that extensive filling Helwig recommended hiring Clifford Emanuelson as Conservation Consultant. (During August,he was
mould be required to render the area usable for any purpose other than natural wetlands and forest,and that hired as part-time Planning Consultant for a "Nature Center" project). By May 1967, the Town Board
this costs of improvement were greatly in excess of the potential value of the property for public use129. The approved a master plan for the Hommocks area. When the new Middle School for 7' and 8' graders
" most significant feature of the land then was its low elevation;about two-thirds of the property was marshy opened, there was an integrated school and Town recreation and conservation-education plan in place.132
and covered with water at extreme high tide.Without a substantial amount of fill,the land could not have 6 acres of the complex were retained as salt marsh and meadow to become an outdoor laboratory for the
been used for any active recreation purpose.`0 study of living things.
Some 5-1/2 acres lying along Hommocks Road were sold at public auction in 1953. However,perhaps in Hommocks Conservation Area
answer to the Town's efforts at developing nature trails,those lands plus another parcel were re-acquired The Hommocks Conservation Area for passive recreation is adjacent to the Hommocks Middle School
by the Town. The remaining tract of about 12 acres to the north, which had been filled, was formally P J
dedicated for recreational use by the Town Board in 1957. As noted in the Town Board minutes of August and the Village of Larchmont's(VOL)Flint Park,and can be approached from"either end or in the middle
5, 1964,the Town accepted with pleasure the 7.59 acre parcel of salt marsh and upland on Hommocks Road of the woodland area along Hommocks Road,just past the Hommocks School soccer fields".134 It includes
(worth approximately$70,000-75,000)as a gift from Ralph W.Burger,President of the Atlantic and Pacific woods and tidal wetlands(4.5 acres)with well-rooted marsh grasses,which function as important wildlife
Tea Company and The Agrion Foundation,for exclusively park and recreation use by residents of the Town. habitats and, through their water-retention capacity, retard erosion in the tidal estuaries leading to Long
Island Sound(LIS). In the 1950s a vane of trees and shrubs w
( ) variety bs ere planted,with the assistance of junior
Mrs. Burger, an ardent conservationist, sought tq develop this land space into a natural environment for J
plants,birds and animals where inter-related communities could'be studied and enjoyed. The Burgers sold high students,that today provide food and shelter for wildlife.
their home in 1964 and deeded the meadow(3.59 acres)and other adjacent lands(4 acres)to the Town with
the provision that no structure be built on it. The deed also contained a reverter clause which would allow During August 1977 Ms.Donnell Curley,an Environmental Education student at Colorado State College,
the Agrion Foundation to revest the property in itself if the Town should fail to observe this restriction. This studied the Hommocks Conservation Area. She mapped,described and illustrated trees, shrubs and other
h, acquisition was referred to as"The Burger Tract". Ultimately,the Burger Tract became the largest portion plants for a Hommocks Conservation Area Walk Book which evolved by 1980 and is still in use today.
of the 8.09-acre Hommocks Conservation Area. On September 14, 1983,the Town Board passed a resolution dedicating numerous parks and conservation
areas for park and recreation purposes only. The Hommocks Fields and Hommocks Conservation Area were
"The value of the salt marsh as another unique ecological community was immediately apparent. Members in this group. In 2000,the Town Board reiterated that dedication by specifying Block and Lot numbers for
of the Advisory Committee and Nature Council set about making an inventory of the plants and wildlife at
Hommocks and presented the results of their study to the Town Board,the Board of Education,and a special all of the properties(also see Chapter 2).
committee which was studying the feasibility of locating a new Middle School for seventh and eighth grades
adjacent to the proposed recreation site. The immediate propinquity of such an interesting outdoor
laboratory as well as projected play fields increased the desirability of this location for the school""'.
129 There were several attempts to formulate a program for the development of the Hommocks area. In addition to the
studies made in 194849,which resulted in plans for a Town Hall as well as numerous recreational facilities,there was
a proposal submitted in 1954 for the development of a swimming pool. The estimated costs of development
associated with all these proposals were so high in relation to the potential benefits that none of the earlier studies 132 Creation of playing fields and improved areas around the school were achieved by filling 3.8 acres of wetlands and
resulted in any definite action by the Town. creekbeds of Gut Creek. Residents of Hommocks Road objected but overwhelming support came from Mr.
Emanuelson,members of the Town Board and staff,and others including Department of Environmental Conservation's
conservation biologist,George Danskin,because the conservation area and salt marsh were retained.
130 Master Park Plan and Program Study of Hommocks Properties,November 1967,Planning Associates West 133 See Appendix V-A Weekly Journey Through Nature's Trails articles appearing in the The Daily Times.
Hempstead,NY.
131 Helwig,Christine,The Pinchot Institute for Conservation Studies Action Models, 1965. 134 Larchmont-Mamaroneck Conservation Areas and Parks,L.I.F.E.Center,1995.
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Hommocks Salt Marsh
Dr.James Utter studied the Larchmont Harbor salt marsh ecosystems from 1972 to 1975.13' "These studies off the southwest end of the Hommocks peninsula, an important feeding area for migrating waterfow1138.
were significant because they contributed to the understanding of environmental problems of coastal Another is a strip, about 2 acres in area,of partly marshy,partly wooded ground skirting the south end of
management in very small(less than 10 acre)marshes tucked into urban/suburban Westchester County. The Flint Park in the VOL from the East Creek outfall to the western boundary of the park.This strip forms the
Hommocks marsh lies both in the TOM and the VOL;East Creek divides the two municipalities and empties north bank of Little Harbor Sound and is ecologically associated with the Hommocks Marsh. The fourth
, into Little Harbor Sound which, in turn,flows into Larchmont Harbor.... Playing fields,the Hommocks component is the 6.74-acre segment of the Hampshire Country Club golf course,lying within the Town east
Middle School,and development surround the Hommocks marsh. The major alterations to the marsh have of Hommocks Road,through which Gut Creek flows on the surface.The total area of this complex is thus
resulted from the time it was used as a sanitary landfill, and from siltation,erosion,and dredging. about 17 acres,all but about 2 acres of which are in the Unincorporated Area." The above habitat complexes
are rich in wildlife and include areas of open ground,woods,meadow edges,salt marsh,intertidal flats,and
f ' Salt marshes are among the most productive ecosystems in the world. Primary production involves open water,either salt or brackish. Water depths are shallow,139
capturing the energy of sunlight and converting it into stored chemical energy through the process of
es as food for animals in the food chain while Little Harbor Sound
photosynthesis.... Spartina stores chemical energy that sery
the marsh filters impurities. The Hommocks marsh is in succession from low to high marsh and has seen
a distinct drop in the algae community production in the past few years. Even with this lowered 1976 saw the beginnings of an effort by members of the Little Harbor Sound Association who lived on the
productivity, the Hommocks marsh is functioning at a rate comparable to marshes more remote from western end of Little Harbor Sound to have this tidal inlet,as well as Spanish Cove and an area behind Cedar
urban/suburban influences and contributes an output of organic material to the overall functioning of the LIS Island,dredged for navigation purposes. Their proposal involved dredging the channel to a depth of four
ecosystem." Dr. Utter further stated that the Hommocks marsh provides the best illustration of marsh feet using a Mudcat Dredge which would entail removing some 20,000 cubic yards of material. 16,000
succession in progress. Vegetational zones are well developed and the entire sequence from channel mud cubic yards of this material was then to be deposited on a ball field south of Hommocks School which it was
flat through low marsh,high marsh and into uplands can be seen in a small area. Since it is located directly deemed,needed the fill. In addition,five inches of top soil were to be placed over the fill,and the existing
behind the Hommocks School,it provides a superb educational resource.136 sprinkler system was to be removed and then restored. Dr.Utter believed"that the project is acceptable in
concept but that certain areas of environmental concern should be safeguarded". These concerns involved
Hommocks Salt Marsh Complex Including The East Creek Area It protection of Spartina(grasses),timing of the dredging,and protection of the Hommocks marsh. Support
for the project came from the Conservation Advisory Commission(CAC),the Town Engineer,the Town
The bimunicipal Local Waterfront Revitalization Program(LWRP)adopted by the TOM and VOL in 1986 Board,the Superintendent of Schools and Board of Education and with reservations from the VOL Engineer.
included the dedication of three Critical Environmental Areas under the TOM Environmental Quality The project was completed in 1979.
Review ordinance and the State Environmental Quality Review Act. The Hommocks Salt Marsh Complex In order to honestly view the Littre Harbor Sound project over time, since there is no doubt that the issue
was one of them."' (Also see Chapters 5 and 7.)
of dredging will occur again,one must look at the consequences of using the spoils from the 1979 dredging
"The Hommocks Salt Marsh Complex (total 17 acres) is located in and near the head of Little Harbor project on top of a landfill to create what is known today as the Carpino-Steffens Athletic Fields.140 In 1995,
Sound,a tidal inlet in Larcbmont Harbor. It straddles the boundaries of the VOL and the Unincorporated the TOM hired Ward Associates,Landscape Architects and Engineers specializing in athletic fields,to do
Area of the TOM, and is associated environmentally with adjacent lands in the Village of Mamaroneck a Field Improvement Study. They found"large areas devoid of grass cover....consisting of compacted soil
(VOM). Its main component is the Town portion(about 3.5 acres)of the Hommocks Conservation Area,
with ponding rain water. Soil testing and evaluation reveals that the soils are very dense clay-loam, not
most of which consists of tidal wetlands. Entering the marsh at the northwest comer of the conservation area compatible with turf growth. Significant remedial measures are required to develop superior athletic
are the outfalls of East Creek and Gut Creek,which flow through pipes under the Hommocks athletic field fields...existing soil characteristics- landfill and dredge material- are detrimental to use as an athletic
residential and business properties and major facility." With no alternative site for sports fields existing in the Town, the very extensive field
and drain a watershed which is fully developed with re P �
thoroughfares. There is also an above-ground section of East Creek running approximately along the Town- reconstruction with a price tag of approximately$500,000,dealing largely with the soil that could not grow
Village border.The complex also includes three other areas.One consists of some 5 acres of sheltered waters
138 Botanical Inventory Hommocks Marsh Complex in the Town of Mamaroneck and Village of Larchmont Local
135 Utter,Dr.James M.,19759 19749 19739 1972. Larchmont Harbor Salt Marsh Ecosystems. Environmental Waterfront Revitalization Program(LWRP)at Appendix F and Bird Species Hommocks Marsh Complex at Appendix
Sciences Program,Division of Natural Sciences,S.U.N.Y.Purchase,NY. G.
136 Writings attributed to Elinor Fredston,May 5,1983. 139 Town of Mamaroneck and Village of Larchmont Local Waterfront Revitalization Program adopted June 30, 1986
and amended 1994.
137 The 1985 local law that created the Critical Environmental Areas was amended in 1987 to include the East Creek
• 140 5 acre former landfill in a tidal flood zone adjacent to Flint Park and the Hommocks Conservation Area.
Area.
I
96 97
19
t _ ,
grass,was approved by the Town Board.
LWRP cited as a physical project to be undertaken, the restoration of the open portion of East Creek and
surrounding lands to make it"a nature preserve and passive recreation area". In addition, an oversight in
Treatment of Nonpoint Source Pollutants the original Hommocks Critical Environmental Area designation and Freshwater Wetlands map was
corrected by amendment in 1987 to include the open portions of East Creek.
After seeing the success of a boom to collect debris that had been installed in the Pine Brook where it flows
into the Premium River,in 1989 at the request of the Coastal Zone Management Commission(CZMC),the In 1990-91 under the leadership of the Larchmont Parks and Trees Committee and with the support of
nearby residents and the CZMC,the VOL Department of Public Works removed dead trees saplings and
b TOM commissioned a visual inspection on land and water at low and high tides to recommend sediment and Y p
r oil control techniques that might be used to protect the Hommocks fish and wildlife habitat. Two rubble and then planted indigenous shrubs to help stabilize the upper bank of the creek while helping to
inexpensive methods of improving,protecting and preserving the water quality in East Creek,Little Harbor screen the Boston Post Road dealership site from nearby residential streets.
Sound, Spanish Cove and the Hommocks Marsh were offered in the "Report on Visual Inspection
Hommocks Conservation Area" by Jack Taylor of Blasland Bouck and Lee (BBL) Engineers. These East Creek Stream Restoration
methods were designed to prevent oil found in storm water run-off from streets, parking lots, illegal
connections and spills from entering these waterways,and to reduce the amount of sediment reaching the Federal funding of approximately$200,000 was provided to the Westchester County(WC)Soil and Water
waterways and ultimately LIS. The two temporary recommended methods for non-point pollution control Conservation District (SWCD) for improving water quality in the LIS watershed. One implementation
were:installation and bimonthly maintenance of a temporary trash screen to remove accumulated trash,and project recommended by the Watershed Advisory Committees created by the WC Department of Planning
installation of a fixed sediment curtain and floating oil boom to be maintained four to six times a year by (DOP)(see Chapter 8)and prioritized by an advisory group consisting of representatives from the SWCD,
the DOP,Natural Resources Conservation Service,U.S.Environmental Protection A
boom material Agency- Office NY
ash and disposing o
f same using approved methods. Absorbent g y S
removing accumulated trash p g g pp
would be replaced as needed. This was done in 1992 and monitoring continued until 1994 when the Department of Environmental Conservation and the office of Congresswoman Nita Lowey, who had
following observations were made by BBL engineers who had executed the project:"minimal trash and oil obtained the funds, was a restoration project at East Creek which ranked second on a list of six
accumulation were observed throughout the' monitoring period; an accumulation of leaf litter....was recommended projects. The project design began in 1998 and the project was completed in 2000.
observed;sediment dispersion and accumulation were uniform within and outside the silt fence area." As
a result, BBL"did not recommend construction of a permanent silt trap at the discharge pipes from East As previously stated, most of East Creek flows through pipes underground beginning north of I-95 near
Murray Avenue,and then passes under I-95,the railroad and several Larchmont streets,it finally emerges
Creek",and the temporary structures were removed. at the Boston Post Road at the boundary of the TOM and VOL. It continues flowing eastward along the
north edge of Flint Park,and then is piped again under the Hommocks School athletic field. Ultimately,it
East Creek- Gut Creek Watershed drains into the Hommocks Marsh which is an inlet of LIS. The project involved cleaning up the lower
"East Creek drains a smaller, almost completely built-up watershed between the Premium and Sheldrake freshwater stream banks(approximately 600 feet),pruning trees to allow sunlight to reach the creek,planting
river systems. Once an open waterway,it is now enclosed along nearly all its length.It rises in the lower
freshwater wetlands plants mainly in coconut fiber"logs"to stabilize the banks,and installinga tidal ate
downstream to prevent salt water from LIS from entering the creek in flood tides. This project was meant
Unincorporated Area between the Pine Brook and Sheldrake systems,flows under the Thruway,the railroad, to contain nonpoint source pollutants before they reach LIS. Of course,improving the park-like setting also
Vanderburgh Park, Hall Avenue and the Post Road"reappears for about 600 feet from the shoreward side enhanced the area.
of the Boston Post Road"as an open stream behind an automobile dealers car park,then enters a large pipe
which runs beneath the Hommocks School playing field. There it is joined by a stone water pipe,which
drains a portion of the Boston Post Road and Gut Creek, a smaller stream which also flows largely Management Plan for the Hommocks Salt Marsh Complex
underground and drains areas to the north and east including the Hampshire Country Club golf course lying
within the VOM,then flows under the lower end of the Hommocks field. The two streams empty through In 1992, the CAC and the bimunici al CZMC which had been formed to implement the LWRP, hired
outfalls into the Hommocks Marsh and Little Harbor Sound",inlets of LIS.'al Stephen Coleman, an Environmental Consultant, to devise a Management Plan for the Hommocks Salt
M taz
Marsh Complex. This stud created a working base field ma amended
pollution Y g p through field work, verified
For many years the open portion of the creek suffered from neglect and from sources of nonpomt p existing biological-botanical inventories,identified special plants and animals and their habitat requirements,
from automobile dealerships and citizen thoughlessness. Items such as cans,bottles,shopping carts and even and proposed recommendations that addressed the preservation,protection,restoration and enhancement of
a sofa were found with waste oil. A major part of this pollution flowed into the Hommocks Marsh. The the Complex with short-term and long-term management objectives. Unfortunately,little had been done to
tat LWRP Section H. In 1996,the Town authorized$45,000 in serial bonds to replace the Hommocks Drain Vault,
tat
the intersection of three sixty inch storm drain lines which drain the Hampshire Country Club,East Creek and a large Management Recommendations for the Hommocks Salt Marsh Complex are found in the LWRP at Appendix H.
part of the Town including Howell Park.
98
�: 99
activate the plan until 2004-2006 when the TOM Environmental Planner Elizabeth Paul oversaw the creation
by the TOM Highway Department of a porous parking area, and summer student workers began the
tremendous job of removing invasive species. A grant from the Housing Urban Development agency
enabled creating a viewing platform overlooking the marsh and its waterway. A contractor was hired and
with the assistance of the Highway Department the remaining invasive vines were removed especially from
the meadow area. During the summer of 2006,the Highway Department constructed a wood chipped trail,
and seeds were planted to restore the meadow. This is an exciting,ongoing,cooperative restoration project.
0
0
x
Newly planted seedlings at Hommocks Conservation Area.
t
i
Tree planting-Environmental Planner Elizabeth Paul
at work.
Ribbon cutting-Hommocks deck.Front row:Congresswoman
Summer Crew disposing of invasive vines,2006. ac�pl�l�
Nita Lowey,Assemblyman George Latimer,Councilman
Ernest Odierna,Councilwoman Phyllis Wittner,Supervisor
Valerie O'Keeffe,2007.
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Hommocks View
3
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100
it
New Observation Deck-Hommocks,2007.
Welcome-Premium Conservation Area.
Chapter 7-Pryer Manor,The Premium River and Conservation Areas All of the members of this Commission and the Recreation superintendent I.
have given careful consideration to the matter. The Commission is
la3 unanimously of the opinion that this tract is desirable for recreational
Pryer Manor today consists of the lands of the estate of John Pryer which lie south of the Boston Post
` Road from the end of Dillon Road at the two stone pillars,which also mark the beginning of Pryer Manor use and that it should be so developed provided a lease of all or a
q
Pond and all of Pryer Lane in the Village of Larchmont(VOL)to the Long Island Sound substantial portion can be negotiated for a reasonable duration upon terms wI
Road,to the Mill P ry
(LIS)border. This area,from its earliest recorded history until today,is governed by three municipalities: within the framework of our budget."
the Town of Mamaroneck(TOM),VOL and the City of New Rochelle (NR).
r At the following Town Board meeting , "Councilwoman Helwig reported that she had received a letter
Mill Po
nd
t44 addressed to her by the Recreation Commission under date of May 17th, stating that after careful study, it
r of the Premium River and condition for recreation use
Histo le cond
Early suitable Ea land in su
v v
00 to lace the la
could not recommend the expenditure of 700. p
The Premium River is a tidal estuary of LIS. It begins upstream as Pine Brook and ultimately surfaces at as estimated by the Superintendent of Recreation unless a lease could be procured to run until December of q
e P er's 1961 or 1962 rather than for only the remainder of the present calendar year.After discussion,during which
the Boston Post Road in Larchmont near Tony s Nurseries and flows down to the"Red" Bridge (Pry
Councilman Kane inquired as t0 the feasibility of using only a small part of the tract with an expenditure
Bridge)at Pryer Manor Road and into"the Mill Pond which was formed by an old rock dam thrown across
the mouth of the estuary between the mainland of the City of New Rochelle and the peninsula known now of some$250.00 and with possible labor supplied by the fathers of the area,Councilman Brush suggested
as Premium Point".145 It is believed that the Siwanoy Indians(Mohegan tribe,Algonquin nation)built stone that Councilman Kane be requested to see if a longer term lease could be secured." The next reference found
in the minutes of the Town Board meeting of June 8, 1960 indicate that the Town rented"certain property"
and log weirs to trap fish running with the tide. A dam existed prior to 1741 at the site of the present Red arts of Parcel 229 and Block 471 Parcel 504)for
Bridge" when the Palmer family used the impounded tidal waters to provide power for the first Premium until December 31, 1961 for$75 (Block 504 Parcel 480,p
recreational use.
Grist Mill.
Area- 1960 s
April 12, 1961- The Town presented its request to Westchester County (WC) for acquisition of the little
Affecting the Premium A longer
nt Actions °� since it was no
Local Government $ �
stone building located m Dillon Park near the Doherty property for recreational use sl
April 1960-- Councilman Peter Kane brought to the Town Board's attention the possible availability for used as a pumping station by the WC Sanitary Sewer Commission. Town Board Minutes next indicate that
recreational use of a piece of property in the Dillon Park 146 area. The Town Board suggested that on October 6, 1965 a Resolution was passed requesting that the WC Department of Public Works convey
to the TOM for park and recreation use, property owned by WC and formerly used for the Dillon Park
Councilwoman Christine Helwig,Superintendent of Recreation James Kronenberger and Mr.Kane inspect
and if thought advisable,refer the matter to the Recreation Commission.The following is the latter's report Sewage Pumping Station. The pumping station building would remain standing with no objection to filling i
in the interior well used for pumping equipment. The 21,439 square foot parcel was acquired in December
dated May 4, 1960.
1965 for$1.00.
"At the April 11, 1960 meeting of this Commission, Councilwoman Christine discussions by Supervisor George Burchell and Town
K. Helwig brought to our attention the availability for recreational According to The Daily Times newspaper articles,
Councilman Peter Kane in 1963 suggested that a semicircular parcel adjoining the Premium tidal wetlands
purposes of a substantial tract of land in the Dillon Road section of the
could be purchased by the Town for a land-fill project which would ultimately lead to creating valuable land
unincorporated area of the Town of Mamaroneck. Mrs. Helwig further advised
P t owned b developer Jerry Bisce iia of Harrison,came
' 1 200 square fee �' g
ble probability that all or at least a substantial for construction. This_and,some 19, q y P
that there was reasona p Y me six houses had been built on
portion of this tract could be leased from the present owners at a up for discussion again by the Town Board In 1965. However,by this time
relatively nominal rent and that the Town Board had referred the matter Pheasant Run with four of the houses having the parcel in question abutting their backyards as well as the
to this Commission for study and report. Premium marsh and hence the parcel was landlocked. In a secret arrangement,the entire strip was sold to
one of the homeowners in September 1965'x'. Nevertheless,the Town authorized an expenditure of no more
than$50 to have an independent appraisal of the strip.
143Map of the Estate of John Pryer—Westchester County,1888. Another example of conservation minded thinking was passage of a Town law in July 1961-"Ordinance to
144 This author wrote a more detailed history for the Feasibility Study of Remedial Actions for the Premium River-Pine Brook Control Water Courses of Streams and Rivers" which stated that"no person shall fill or divert any stream
course except when authorized b the State or Federal Agency, without
from its natural co y
rin Place"b water course p
Wetlands Complex,Malcolm Pirnie,July 1988. Other writings appear m Mamaroneck Town:A history of the"Gathering y Or
Paula Lippsett,1997.
145 Robert E.White,P.E.,The Premium-An Endangered Waterway,August 1977.
147 In 1997,the strip was re-surveyed and the three adjoining homeowners were able to purchase their portion of the
146 streets Parkland Avenue,
Boston Post Road with its side ser.
Dillon Road and the Bost w of the 1965 purchaser.
be described as the area from Dil their land from the widow p
Dillon Park can best strip adjacent to
Locust Terrace and Edgewater Place to the two stone pillars on Dillon Road. 61
102
' 1 101
t`
'r
1
securing a permit from the Town Board".
impacts are of special interest to the Premium; for example, Article 8 The State Environmental Quality
Master Plans of Premium River Properties Review Act(SEQRA),Article 15 Water Resources and Article 25 Tidal Wetlands. The latter inventoried
and mapped the Premium area on map#604-530 in 1976.
Ael concept of preserving the Premium River,marshes and Mill Pond to"safeguard the community's few
SEQRA,adopted in 1978,required that environmental factors be considered along with social and economic '
remaining natural areas and to supplement recreation facilities" was found in the Comprehensive Master considerations in government decision-making. It encouraged communication between government
Plan for the Town of Mamaroneck and Village of Larchmont(May 1966). It called for the acquisition and agencies,project sponsors and the general public. Under SEQRA,provision was made for local government
dedication of 13 acres in the TOM and 9 acres in the VOL including the Village owned beach lot with access agencies to designate specific geographic areas within their boundaries with "exceptional or unique
trom Point Road(see footnote 153). g g p
characteristics"as Critical Environmental Areas(CEA).
In the Town Board minutes of August 4, 1965 it was stated that a survey was under way as a first step
Perhaps the Coastal Zone Management Act (federal 1972, State 1979) brought the greatest boost to the
toward acquisition of lands in the Dillon Park area for recreation and park uses. During February of 1966, Premium Complex's environmental-community recognition when NYS in its Draft Program (1979)
a Premium River Coordinating Committee was formed with members of three neighborhood associations designated the"Premium Marsh Complex-Significant Habitat area,an area for preservation and restoration"
'(see Appendix XXI).
as a Geographic Area of Particular Concern (GAPC),mapped as No. 27 A-8,because of"coastal-related
values, characteristics or impacts on them". The Conservation Advisory Commission (CAC) urged the
Then in May 1967,Planning Associates of West Hempstead,NY was hired to develop a Master Park Plan
Department of State(DOS)to include the Hommocks area,Larchmont Harbor and the Premium River as J
and Program Study of Premium River Properties because the Town Board was considering acquisition of GAPC. Elinor Fredston writing for the CAC in 1978 said "According to our data which covers
lands contiguous to existing Town-owned property with an eye to preserving the wetlands and possibly approximately three years,the marsh[Premium area]has been a valuable natural filtering system allowing
improving the high areas for recreation and conservation. Working with a tri-municipal committee and
rfor entrapment and bacterial digestion of oil from the Pinebrook River system". Only the Premium Marsh
representatives of the Board of Education(see Appendix XXII),by the end of the year recommendations
ant to encourage municipalities to provide
were made to acquire properties adjacent to the marshlands and Premium River which were to become the 1k Complex received GAPC designation. This designation was m9
appropriate management for the area through local programs.
Premium River Conservation Area. It was realized that active recreation facilities although proposed in the
plan148 for the pumping station area were not feasible because of surrounding private homes and no place Local Government Actions- 1980's
for parking. Most of the area was designed to be used for conservation and conservation education with
protection of natural and ecological features of paramount importance. Such things as a small indoor or
outdoor laboratory, a small observatory platform and a small conservatory were proposed. An inventory As stated in Chapter 2,in 1982 the CAC requested that all conservation areas and parks be dedicated by the
Town Board. The resulting resolution,which included the Premium River Conservation Area,was adopted
of what was called"park properties"in the plan indicated that in the VOL three properties were privately
on September 14, 1983. In the year 2000, another Town Board resolution identified all of the dedicated
owned while the VOL owned two, and in the TOM nine properties were privately held while the TOM
sites by block and lot number.
owned three. It would also have been necessary to obtain seven park easements in the VOL from private
homeowners. The entire rather grandiose plan was shelved,but acquisition of vacant marshlands contiguous On June 30, 1986,the TOM and VOL adopted a joint Local Waterfront Revitalization Program(LWRP)
to existing Town-owned property in the Premium River area was begun in earnest in 1969. These purchases which was approved by NYS on October 28, 1986 (see Chapter 4). The LWRP adapted NYS coastal
coupled with previously owned Town lands formed the Premium Conservation Area. No acquisitions took
place in the VOL. policies to local conditions. It was the LWRP's detailed description, study of problems and possible
solutions in the Premium Conservation Area coupled with the framework of state policies that formed the
State and Federal Actions basis for the local Critical Environmental Area(CEA)designation and the local legislation designating some
40 acres as the Premium Salt Marsh Complex to"regulate land use and construction-related activities in or
By the 1970's,the modem environmental movement was born and with it came the augmented knowledge near them so as to limit flooding and erosion,protect freshwater wetlands and preserve open space". The
of the importance of wetlands as fish and wildlife habitats,for water quality improvement,flood protection, LWRP policy states that the Complex shall be protected,preserved,and where practicable,restored,so as
to maintain its viability as a habitat". Both municipalities passed legislation designating the Premium as
shoreline erosion control,for aesthetic reasons and recreation. The 70's also saw passage of federal and state
legislation calling for user restraint and appropriate management through local programs. Restraints were
provided to some extent in the New York State (NYS) Environmental Conservation Law. Some of its
I
148 149 It is interesting to note that in 1980 the CAC had a catwalk built for bird watching into a portion of the marsh.
Ideas included a picnic area with game lawns,shuffleboard and horseshoe courts,playgrounds and multiple-use
courts for volleyball,basketball etc. However,it was badly damaged during an October storm by wind and tidal action. In addition,it was rarely used but
did serve as an attractive nuisance to bicycle riding children. The CAC did not recommend rebuilding it.
103 104
a
a CEA.150 WC conferred its CEA status by passing a County law in 1989. Premium River and Premium Mill Pond, as well as the beach area lying on Premium Point."' It included
the Town's 10 acre Premium River Conservation Area,about 1 acre of connected wetland at the downstream
The Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex end of Pine Brook in the VOL,the 40 acre Premium Mill Pond(half of which is in the TOM and half in NR)
and two associated, formerly connected wetlands on the NR side, the 5.25 acre Pryer Manor Marsh (see
A' On November 15, 1987,after a six year investigation of habitats,NYS identified the approximately 65 acre Pryer Manor Marsh below) and in those years, a 4.24 acre former wetland between Dillon Road and
trimunicipal Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex on the State Coastal Area map as one of seven Emerson Avenuelsa
WC "Significant Coastal Fish and Wildlife Habitats"151 under the Waterfront Revitalization and Coastal
Resources Act(19NYCRR Part 600.5). The designation stated"The Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association(PPPA)
F j nr are located on LIS in the TOM,City of NR and the VOL.... The fish and wildlife habitat is an approximately
65 acre area including Pine Brook south of the Boston Post Road,the Premium River,Premium Mill Pond, Recognizing the need for the public to support the concepts of the LWRP and its efforts in the Premium area,
the beach area lying on Premium Point(see footnote 153),the northeast portion of Echo Bay,Pryer Manor in October 1986 the PPPA was formed under the auspices of L.I.F.E.Center(see Chapter 3). The PPPA
Marsh,a former wetland between Dillon Road and Emerson Avenue(see footnote 154) ,salt marsh areas was formed to unite residents of the VOL, TOM, NR, various neighborhood associations and others
adjacent to the river and creek and small portions of adjacent meadow....Several Town(and Village)owned concerned with the reduction and control of flooding and pollution,as well as the preservation,protection
parklands including the Premium Conservation Area,Woodbine Park,Kane Park and Lorenzen Park are part and management of available open spaces,drainage and conservation areas,wetlands and waterways,and
of the habitat area. ,112 The importance of the designation is stated best in a letter written by NYS Secretary historic sites in the Premium/Pine Brook watershed. Its members resided in the three municipalities and
of State Gail Shaffer: supported the concept of tri-municipal cooperation in this environmentally sensitive area which was often
handicapped because of its need to deal individually with three governments.
"The effect of the proposed designations is twofold. First, designation
fosters an awareness of the value of a particular area and its importance PPPA's organizational meeting was held on November 15, 1987. It was incorporated as a not-for-profit in
to the residents of New York, ' especially for those fortunate enough to 1988 dedicated to preserving,protecting and monitoring the fragile Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands
live near such invaluable resources. Second, designation allows for Complex as a passive recreation site and flood control area, and to encourage and support tri-municipal
protection of habitats through regulatory processes. The Department of cooperation. The three paramount concerns at that time were the disposition of the Emerson Avenue acreage
State, through provisions of the State's Coastal Management Program, is (footnote 154),the 5.25 acre Pryer Manor Marsh owned by NR which periodically surfaced on the City's
responsible for ensuring that Federal agencies in the course of their
activities protect these habitats. At the State level, each agency has to
evaluate the potential impacts on designated habitats of activities
proposed in the coastal area. Local governments are also encouraged to
protect significant coastal habitats by recognizing the importance of 153 The VOL owns a small beach lot on the easternmost 50 feet of Premium Point which is accessible via Point Road
these areas in local ordinances. This is particularly true for those (parallel to Pryer Lane). The Village had determined years ago that the beach lot was in an out-of-the-way-location
difficult to supervise and police with limited access and parking possibilities.It was therefore left unimproved and
communities participating in local waterfront revitalization
programs remains one of the forest intertidal areas along the LIS shore;a place where neighborhood walkers could bird watch.
sponsored by the Coastal Management Program." The 1986 LWRP recommended that the VOL designate it as a CEA which was not done. In 1998,the Village posted a
"No Entry"sign at the gate(near the rear of 6 Pryer Lane)and changed the gate lock as the result of a lawsuit brought
To more clearly define the geography of the Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex,it by six Pryer Lane homeowners.The latter,who"hold an easement in the nature of a right-of-way over a path-like
piece of property owned by"the Village,sued to have the beach closed to"the general public".The Supreme Court of
included the lands,marshes,tidal wetlands and wildlife areas surrounding and draining into the Pine Brook, the New York State Appellate Division granted their request. It should be pointed out that other homeowners whose
land also came from the estate of John Pryer(which was left to his five children)have the right to ingress and egress to
the waters of LIS via the beach lot. The Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association advised other
homeowners on Pryer Lane,Wildwood Circle,parts of Pryer Manor Road and Dogwood Lane to check their deeds to
see if they had the"right-of-way"easement statement with the right to access the beach lot. If so,they were entitled to
a key to the gate.
150 Also designated as local CEAs were the Hommocks Salt Marsh Complex including the East Creek Area and the
Larchmont Reservoir-Sheldrake-Leatherstocking Freshwater Wetland Complex. 15a The PPPA kept its membership informed regarding a proposed sub-division in 1987 for 15 single family houses on
Emerson Avenue(vicinity of Gaillard Place)in NR. Development could adversely affect the surrounding freshwater
151 wetlands in the TOM as well as NR,the Premium Marsh and River Complex and add to neighborhood flooding
Three sites on the Hudson River and four on Long Island Sound:Huckleberry Island,Marshlands Conservancy,
Playland Lake and Manursing Island Flats and the Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands. problems. Residents Joell and Robert Kunath hired attorney Garrison Corwin,Jr.and the Pryer Manor Association
hired Consultant Geologist Stephen Tomecek as experts. Despite a valiant,long fight,Emerson Avenue was lost to
development.Ultimately,the Planning Board supported building 8 houses above the 100 year flood plain(instead of
152 Readers may find explanations of the Significant Habitat designation as well as Critical Environmental Areas in the 15 originally proposed),and incorporating a grassed detention basin to control flooding.
TOM-VOL Local Waterfront Revitalization Program.
105 106
ii.
foot of Oak Ave(VOL),the Premium Conservation Area behind the Post Road diner and off Dillon Road
list of properties for sale155 and dredging the Premium River(see below). (TOM) and the beach at the end of Point Road.
Education
and
Early morning annual spring bird walks were led by Dave Kuntsler(an expert on Huckleberry Island j
Educating the public played a large role in the PPPA's activities. For example, residents were asked to its birds) to see late-wintering water fowl and spring arrivals, by Andrew Farnsworth, a senior at Rye
become winter and spring"bird observers" along the Premium and Pine Brook waterways. Twenty-four Country Day School and 1990 captain of the first teenage team of the World Series of Birding,and by Peter
5 people signed on to the program(see Appendix XXIII). They received a list of birds likely to be seen in Mott,Dean and science teacher at Fieldston School and former President of the Florida Audubon Society.
Coast Week 1991-was held at Lorenzen Park with bulb and herb planting for children. An early morning
the area and what their diet usually included. They were asked to identify the birds and what they were bird walk was led by Dr.Paul Steineck of S.U.N.Y.Purchase.
eating using field guides as assistants and noting the weather, and they were asked to report any oil or
hazardous material spills to the proper authority. The information they collected was provided to the
The seventh Annual Event to celebrate Coast Weeks 1992 was held on Sunday, October 25 at the Trinity
engineering firm that was working on a Feasibility Study of Remedial Actions for the Premium River-Pine
Brook Wetlands Complex(see below). Retreat. Featured was Naturalist Stephen Coleman who gave his report with slides picturing birds of the
Premium area. John Moyle led an early morning bird walk. In March, Mr. Coleman led a walk that
All contributors received the annual PPPA NEWS UPDATE to keep them informed of everything happening emphasized the Premium and Pryer Manor marshes.
in the area. Upon request,members were provided with a Checklist:Birds of the Premium River-Pine Brook 81h Annual-Coast Weeks October 24, 1993 at the home of Richard and Lisa Coico 22 Pryer Manor Road
Wetlands Complex and a Compilation of Bird Lists for the Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex.
' 1967-1990 contributed to the detailed Appendix"Compilation of overlooking the Premium marshes and river. The guest speaker was Professor Barbara Dexter of S.U.N.Y.
Individuals bird fists accumulated frompp p
Bird Lists for the Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex"found in the TOM-VOL LWRP. Purchase,originator of Project Riverwatch(see Chapter 5). An early morning bird walk was led by Paul
Steineck,Ph.D.Geology Professor at S.U.N.Y. Purchase.
L.I.F.E.Center,the CAC and the TOM-VOL Coastal Zone Management Commission(CZMC)supported
Christmas Bird Counts began in 1987. John Moyle of Scarsdale Audubon took attendees to the Premium
the PPPA's annual bird walk and educational events. ,October 1986 saw the first annual Coast Week Mill Pond and Pryer Manor area. The 1988 National Christmas Bird Count was led by Doug Bloom,also
celebration of the PPPA held at Lorenzen Park which overlooks the Premium Conservation area and the an Audubon volunteer. The count included the Edith Read and Marshlands conservation areas in Rye.
junction of Pine Brook and the Premium River. Speakers from the CAC(Robert Komitor),CZMC(Wallace
Irwin, Jr.) and L.I.F.E. (Dorothy Rainier) joined Councilwoman Caroline Silverstone and residents Coda
concerned about this sensitive area to describe the efforts leading up to the formation of the PPPA.
funding for the production of this book was the PPPA's final contribution to conservation efforts.
The second annual PPPA celebration was held on October 25 at Lorenzen Park with representatives
Partial f g
1 987 p
of L.I.F.E. and the CAC speaking of the importance of the marsh and river system to residents,to wildlife
and to LIS's ecology. Handouts crafts charts and maps supplemented the talks;adults and children walked The Premium River
gY
P PP VIII
with naturalists to see the marsh and observed the river by rowboat and canoe.
The Premium River and its marshes represent a tidal estuary with one of the few substantial patches of
undeveloped land along the LIS shore. The tidal marshes and wetlands provide a biologically and
The October 1988 annual Coast Week celebration was held at the Trinity Retreat on Pryer Manor Road and the salt marshes produce j
the Premium Mill Pond. Kathryn Clarke,President of the LIS Task Force,spoke about the LIS Study and ecologically important habitat. Located at the headwaters of the Premium River,
' the high energy demands for this ecosystem. The Premium marshes are the breeding grounds and nursery 'I
the Citizens Advisory Committee for LIS. The group walked to the beach lot at Pryer Lane and Point Road
(footnote 153). for fish and wildlife. This diverse ecosystem supports a variety of coastal wildlife species. The marshes trap
sediments and filter pollutants from entering the Premium River,and retain huge amounts of water greatly
1989 saw two events:John Moyle led a bird walk which included a fine variety of water and land birds from aiding the local flooding problem. The low salt marsh areas along the banks of the river support stands of
the"Red Bridge"to the Premium Conservation Area. Then during Coast Week the annual celebration was saltwater cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) which constitute the basis for the food web providing nutrients
held at the Trim Retreat,and on April Spring clean-up. target areas were the marsh at the and habitat,aiding in flood and erosion control and water purification by removing pollutants.The low salt
Trinity P P g Pmarsh complex. The high salt marsh offers
important to the health of the g
marsh is highly productive and impo P
habitat for a diversity of wildlife from marsh invertebrates,to insects,fish and birds.
155 Although John Heller,NR's City Planner in 1986,recommended to then City Manager Samuel Kissinger that the
Pryer Manor Marsh be saved as open space with a non-profit organization formed to manage it and subsequently TOM
Supervisor Dolores Battalia met with NR officials too,protection of the marsh took many years to happen(see Pryer
Manor Marsh.)
108
107
Feasibility Study
Supported by scientific studies that had been conducted and by residents'observations over many years,the By October 1990,permit applications were resubmitted to the DEC New Paltz. A few months later,the DEC
advised that in addition to a Tidal Wetlands permit and a Protection of Water Permit and a Water Quality
LWRP noted the problem of excessive sediment in the Premium River and recommended that a feasibility Certification Permit,a State Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit would be required. This meant
study be conducted to examine measures which might correct or mitigate deterioration centering around the
that it would be impossible to dredge during November 1990 as originally anticipated. The NY region of L
/• Premium River and its marshes. Dredging would insure continued productivity by assuring good tidal flow.
the ALOE also began its permit review and advised that while it had originally conceptualized a 3:1 capping
Acting unddr its mandate from the TOM and VOL to monitor and coordinate implementation of the LWRP requirement of clean to contaminated sediment for the disposal of the dredged material in LIS,it was now
policies and projects, the CZMC with the consent of the Village Trustees and Town Council and with a
considering a 5:1 ratio(approximately 28,750 cubic yards of clean material). This would raise the cost of �f
Resolution of Cooperation by the NR City Council,applied for a NYS Waterfront Implementation Grant
� the cover material considerably. Further testing was done to see if some of this extraordinary expense could
to perform the Feasibility Study.
' be avoided. The CT DEP also had to grant its Section 401 Water Quality Certificate permit because of the
location of the requested disposal site. Two public information meetings were held by the TOM, as the +i
The Feasibility Study grant was funded by the NYS DOS from June 1987 through June 1988 with$25,000 responsible agent for the grant,to acquaint residents with current plans,and to reiterate the purpose of the
from the State,and matching funds and services from the Village and Town equivalent to a total of$31,500.
The engineering firm,Malcolm Pirnie,Inc.,was hired to execute the study. project,to increase tidal flow to the marsh system.
I
Comments were received from the Environmental Protection Agency,the United States Fish and Wildlife
Premium River Dredging Project Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service in response to the July 16, 1991 NY ACOE's public
The Feasibility Study of the Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex completed in July 1988 outlined
notice. These agencies recommended placing further constraints on the project including limiting the �)
window of opportunity for dredging from November 1 to January 25. On August 1 1
. « pp ry g g ary g 6, 99 ,the DEC issued
the following. physical structures are sound, the Pryer Manor Marsh (see below) has an undesirable
phragmites monoculture and needs attention; the area's integrity is threatened by rapidly-accelerating its permits. Malcolm Pirnie continued to believe that the CT DEP and the NY ALOE,with New England
sediment accumulation in the Premium River. Sedimentation impedesACOE approval, could issue their permits in time to allow the dredging to proceed during the winter of
tidal flow to the marsh and the study Y 0 1991. On November 6, 1991,the NYS DOS gave consistency approval(see Chapter 4 for an explanation
recommended immediate dredging, specifying amounts to be dredged, methods, and disposal options. of"consistency")to the project with a stipulation that no dredging take place from April l to September 30
Inaction would mean eventual loss of the river, a complete change irl the ecosystem and far more in order to avoid any negative impact on fish nurseries or shellfish spawning. The DOS also recommended
neighborhood flooding." The Town and Village Boards accepted the study's recommendations, and the monitoring the results of the project to provide data related to the preservation of the tidal wetlands and the
CZMC was authorized to seek funding sources.
benefits derived from it;however,no method of payment for the monitoring was proposed.
In February 1989,the VOL Board authorized the TOM to apply for a grant on behalf of the VOL and TOM Since it was believed that the remaining permits would be received imminently,the TOM advertised for
to restore tidal flow to the Premium River by selective dredging as recommended in the Feasibility Study. bids for the
project. One bid for$629,110 without capping material was received. (T
he contractor advised
The VOL authorized zed th TOM to act as lead agency. APlication was made on February 322, 1989 to the
that supplying and barging the capping material as required would cost an additional$566,000.) Because
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation(DEC)for implementation funds under the Environmental of the cost, this bid was rejected and a revised bid was advertised which deleted the construction of a
Quality Bond Act of 1972. Based on subsequent field visits and further review by DEC Stony Brook
representatives,the final grant application for$618,965 was submitted on June 23, 1989. temporary dam and added the requirement for capping material and hauling. This second document received
two bids,one for$750,000 and a low bid for$550,000. Since it was approximated that engineering fees
1990,the TOM and VOL announced receipt of the$618,965 Premium River Restoration Grant G
would be about$150,000,the project was faced with an$80,000 shortfall. However,the remaining permits
On March 5, were not received by December and therefore the project was postponed until November 1992. The
to restore tidal circulation to the Premium River and marsh system by removing and disposing of
. project went out for bid in August,bids exceeded available funds b 180 000. Modifications were made
approximately 5700 cubic yards of silt. The projected procedure would involve using a small dredge P J g Y$ ,
PP Y Y P J P g g
. . (always requiring federal and state approval and testing),and the project was subsequently bid again....still
requiring about two feet of water for operation to be placed in the Premium River. It would then pump ( Y q g PP g)' P J q Y
over budget.
slurry via a floating pipeline to barges anchored near Premium Beach. Water would be removed and
remaining sediment would be transported by barges to the Central LIS dump site in Connecticut(CT). At the request of the TOM,the DEC in Albany granted an extension of its agreement regarding state funding
for the dredging project until June 1993. The DEC New Paltz changed their dredging window(originally
Malcolm Pirnie was hired to obtain the numerous federal and bi-state permits required before the work could October through November 31,1991)to conform with the federal agencies determination of October 1,1991
begin,to prepare a long form environmental statement,to perform the survey work,to execute the required
sampling and analysis for the disposal of dredged material and to oversee the work itself. The
implementation phase began immediately and by the end of June 1990,permit applications were sent to the
DEC New Paltz, NY Army Corps of Engineers (ALOE) and the CT Department of Environmental 156 When the last required permit was received,constraints were placed on the time that the dredging process could
Protection(DEP). Additional data was requested and forwarded. occur(October-January 25)and the capping requirement of 5 parts clean material to 1 part dredged material(i.e.,
approximately 28,750 cubic yards of clean material)was invoked.
' 109 110
1
Amon ;r
i
The major objective of the project was to create and maintain a suitable corridor into the Premium
through January 25, 1993. The ACOE and DEC permits were extended to March 31, 1993. Another round Conservation Area, and to expand the existing habitat through the use of plantings hospitable to birds
of bids taken in November 1993 produced one bid for$800,000. With engineering costs,the cost would be indigenous to the surrounding areas during all seasons by providing ample cover and food. The creation of
just under$1 million. a"mini-botanical garden" of plants native to upland tidal marshes and forests,and therefore salt(brackish)
water tolerant was also meant for adult appreciation and school children's education. Finally,it was believed
In view of the higher than anticipated dredging cost,the TOM began to evaluate upland disposal sites. In that trees and shrubs would help absorb storm water runoff and reduce the impact of periodic tidal flooding
order to allow the necessary evaluation to be completed,the DEC, at the request of the TOM, granted an in this low lying area. j
extension of its agreement regarding state funding for the dredging project until June 1994. Numerous plans
and sites were investigated including the Town of Ramapo Landfill in Sloatsburg(which was subsequently Abed approximately 200 feet long by 23 feet wide was created and bordered by approximately 2'fz feet high
closed),and finally in January 1995 with agreement from the DEC,the Village of Mamaroneck(VOM)and by 10 inch wide poles for about every 6 feet along the perimeter. The tops of these poles were cut on a slant
the TOM and VOL a workable plan was conceived. The dredged material would be slurried and dried onwhich allowed for informative plaques to be embedded in them.158 A list of the selected plants can be found
the Lorenzen Park soccer field in Larchmont after placement of a liner and berm,and then carted to Taylors in Appendix XXIV. Over the years,there has been some die back of plants that did not like the location,
Lane in the VOM where it would be used as part of the material to close the Taylors Lane hazardous waste but the greatest majority of the original selection have thrived.
Superfund site. (Capping and closing the contaminated landfill was to cost $700,000 of which the DEC
o. Using in
the Premium material would reduce the cost of the fill to the Pryer Manor Marsh
o and the VOM 25% y
would a 75% g
pay
VOM.) Disposal at Taylors Lane could cost another$50,000-75,000 in addition to the$618,965 grant. The
TOM and VOL agreed to split the overrun with contributors from the PPPA. The maximum amounts agreed The Pryer Manor Marsh is located in NR between Pryer Manor Road and Dogwood Lane. It is substantially
to were$35,000 from the TOM, $25,000 from the VOL and$28,000 from the PPPA. It appeared that the contiguous to the TOM and is critical to the Town because of its stormwater retention capabilities-both in
Premium River dredging project would finally go forward in January 1995,but that was not to be. quantity and quality,and its key role in the Premium Complex. It lies 350 feet west of the Premium River,
a tributary of LIS. The marsh is a 5.25 acre Formerly Connected Tidal Wetland(DEC designation) and is
Neighbors of the Taylors Lane superfund site, which was being scrutinized by the DEC for remediation, an integral part of the NYS designated and mapped Signjficant Coastal Fish and Wildljfe Habitat.15' It was
began an emotional campaign to prevent'the Premium material from being used at the site. Documentation noted on the poster Restoring Long Island Sound's Habitats prepared for the Long Island Sound Study State
from the DEC stated that"Based on sediment cores collected from the Premium River, the dredged Habitat Restoration Initiative.
material will be non-hazardous in nature....Since the proper testing was done on the sediment cores,
we can unequivocally state that the spoils do not have to be handled as hazardous waste". (Bold type For conservationists and preservationists,a critical event occurred on February 1, 1995 when NR sold the
face in original letter.) Reason would not and could not convince the spokesman for the residents that this
fill to be as p Pryer Manor Marsh to the Pryer Manor Marsh Preservation Association,Inc.(PMMPA). The not-for-profit
used partial capping g in material was not harmful. False statements were made in newsletters,VOM corporation was formed to assure perpetual maintenance of the marsh in its natural state. The property is
officials were bombarded with emotional,erroneous statements. Despite the cost savings to the VOM,the "encumbered by a conservation easement designed to perpetually preserve the open space,natural ecosystem
Village Board acceded to its residents' hysteria and would not allow disposal of the dredged material. and functions of the wetland area.....
Ultimately the material was trucked to an upstate New York landfill at a cost of$243,000.
During 1997 with the approval of the PMMPA and NR,the Town began working on a grant to restore tidal
The Premium Conservation Area flow and thereby recreate a salt marsh where only a thicket of the invasive specie Common Reed
(Phragmites australis)existed. "Salt marshes are vitally important habitat for a host of birds,fish,turtles,
The Premium Conservation Area represents the TOM owned and dedicated parkland portion of the Premium and animals without backbones, such as mussels, shrimps, snails, scuds, crabs, and others. The marshes
River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex. provide food resources for resident and migratory species of birds and fish, and they export rich plankton
The Entranceway
Conservation Area. The plantings
In 1992,the Town created a native plant entranceway to the Premium p g
were made possible by the U.S. Small Business Administration and NYS's National Small Business Tree 158 By 2006,the lucite plaques and the original poles had deteriorated. The Town Highway Department replaced the
Planting Grant,the labor of the TOM Highway Department,matching funds and in-kind services from the poles in July 2006,and the PPPA replaced the plaques with professionally designed signs illustrating the plants and
TOM, the cooperation of Larchmont Nurseries who undertook the entire planting responsibility, and providing plant information.
contributions from the members of the Pryer Manor Association"' and the PPPA. 159 The Pryer Manor Marsh was inventoried in 1976 by the NYS DEC under the Tidal Wetlands Act as map 604-530,
a Formerly Connected Tidal Wetland.The latter is defined as"Wetlands that have been partially shut off from normal
tidal flow or are in the process of being shut off. The original marine plant community still dominate,although the
zone may be lightly infiltrated with the common reed.These areas remain a part of the marine food web."
157 The Pryer Manor Association is made up of homeowners living on Pheasant Run,Dogwood Lane,Wildwood Circle
and Piyer Manor Road from the entrance stone pillars to the intersection at Dogwood Lane near the"Red Bridge".
112
ss � 111
and organic material produced by the marsh plants to LIS."160. LIS.) Tidal flow was established as predicted.162 The marsh and its perimeter were rejuvenated with the
planting of wildflowers,grasses"'and shrubs164 in the spring of 2005. (The grasses planted in the marsh
By installing two pipes to run from the marsh and under Pryer Manor Road to the Premium River, and interior were protected from the hearty appetite of Canada geese with the use of streamers.)
creating drainage and tidal recharge ditches around the perimeter of the marsh, the project would allow
continual drainage of freshwater from the marsh while importing salt water periodically which would be Two inventories of birds on Pryer Manor Marsh were conducted in September-October 2004 and March 20-
a retained to allow salt levels to increase over time.16' Receipt of this initial grant for$70,205 was announced June 5, 2005 by Sandra Marraffino and Doug Bloom of the Bronx River-Sound Shore Audubon Society,
in 1998 and the contract was received from DEC at the end of 1999. As planning for the initial phases, thanks to the generosity of the PPPA.165 During both reporting periods, work continued on the marsh
restoration. The first photographic,detailed report stated that"73 species of birds were identified during
y which included obtaining a drainage and tidal recharge survey and establishing information about tides,and the 84 visits to the marsh first 17 species listed are shore birds and wading birds that one would expect
"r the construction costs involved with excavating and regrading were learned,both the DEC representative p
for the grant and the Town realized that the grant monies would be insufficient to fully restore and plant the to see on salt marsh mud-flats during migration, totaling 1,181 in number". The report continues "The
marsh. Therefore a new application was submitted and a new grant contract combining the first and second
number of birds not included as shorebirds/waders totaled 2,789 bringing the total to 3,970 birds counted
agreement was awarded April 2002 in the total amount of$353,870. during this period." The second report said "88 species of birds were identified during 181 visits....14
species of shorebirds and wading birds were seen on the salt marsh mud-flats....the number of individual
The removal of Phragmites australis along the periphery of the marsh was accomplished over a three year birds counted ....totaled 7,567 indicating an area with much daily bird activity. The waders/shorebirds
period by a licensed applicator. It is expected that Phragmites in the interior portion of the marsh will die individually seen totaled 472".
off as salt water inflow increases. The two pipes and drainage and tidal recharge ditches are functioning as
planned(allowing for the continual drainage of freshwater from the marsh while importing salt water from Spring and summer also saw the wildflowers and shrubs in bloom. A five year monitoring plan will follow
the success of converting a non-functioning freshwater-slightly brackish wetland consisting of two acres of
Phragmites and approximately one acre of open water back to its origins.
it
160 Meeting Summary,Betsy Blair,Manager NYS Department of Environmental Conservation,August 3,2004.
161 The WC Department of Planning with the assistance of Watershed Advisory Committee 5(see Chapter 8)
published a manual in June 1997,Controlling Nonpoint Source Pollution in Long Island Sound-A Management Plan
for the Watersheds of Stephenson Brook Burling Brook,Pine Brook and Larchmont Harbor.The Pryer Manor Marsh
was one of two sites recommended for wetland restoration. The following is a direct quote from the manual:"The
f
marsh is classified by the state DEC as a"formerly connected"tidal wetland,or one whose direct hydrologic link to a
tidal tributary or water body has been removed.This former connection is evident from the US Department of
Agriculture-Natural Resource Conservation Service Soil Survey of Putnam and Westchester Counties,which identifies
the area of filled wetland between the existing marsh and Premium River.Historic aerial photographs,however,
f indicate that much of the connective wetland was filled before 1925. The marsh surrounds an open water pond,which
historic photographs indicate evolved between 1980 and 1986. No open water was evident in the 1980 photograph but 162
the pond was clearly evident in the 1986 photograph.The pond was not created by dredging the marsh and was likely By installing a culvert under the road,this project re-introduced salt water and tidal flows to the marsh.A channel
created by indirect human intervention such as a malfunctioning culvert which has diminished the discharge of water was dug around the perimeter of the site to form a tidal creek.The project was designed to flood the tidal creek twice a
from the marsh,or natural processes,such as springs.In either case,the pond has diversified this wetland system and day and the marsh surface a few times a month on full and new moons....Currently the tide creek is flooding regularly,
may function as a natural stormwater management basin for surrounding residential development and adjoining roads. and the marsh surface is flooding on the highest tides about twice a month.Salt water is reaching all parts of the marsh,
...The wetland's viability from a habitat standpoint and possibly from a stormwater management standpoint can be as evidenced by: 1)salt marsh plant species(saltmarsh cordgrass,glasswort,saltmarsh fleabane)that have colonized
improved by restoring the wetland's connectivity to the tidal system(thereby allowing for tidal"flushing")and the marsh surface,2)the abundance of mummichogs,a saltmarsh fish,that can be readily seen skittering in the tide
replacing the monoculture of common reed with a more diverse"crop"of other vegetation,such as Olney's bulrush, creek and in pools on the marsh surface,3)fiddler crab holes,and 4)flotsam from LIS(horseshoe crab shell)". Betsy
saltmeadow bulrush,and saltmeadow cordgrass...... The marsh is now in the precarious position of becoming a Blair,Manager DEC,August 3,2004.
freshwater marsh dominated by the common reed,Phragmites australis.This proposal then is basically to restore
periodic tidal flow to the marsh,and thus return the proper levels of salinity to it and restore its function as a tidal 163 Spartina alterniflora,S.patens,S.cynosuroides,S.pectinata,Typha angustifolia,Panicum virgatum,Scirpus
marsh.Flushing will help control the invasive Phragmites and prevent mosquito development.Only through routine
flushing can salt marshes remain healthy and provide a place for fish to spawn and wildlife to flourish.It is expected pungens,S.robustus,Solidago sempervirens,Hibiscus moscheutos.
that the larval and juvenile fish will enter the marsh through the new pipe and that it will be a refuge for smaller fish. 164
This project will restore the marsh's attributes as a feeding,resting and nesting site for waterfowl,a habitat for both Aronia melanocarpa,Baccharis halimifolia,Iva frutescens,Sambucus candensis,Juniperus virginiana,Myrica
upland and wetland species of wildlife,a sediment and nutrient retention area,a large flood water retention area and a pennsylvanica.
place of special scenic beauty."
• 165 See Appendix XXHl. Copies of the two reports may be found in the Town Conservation Department office. In
addition,please refer to the Town of Mamaroneck-Village of Larchmont Local Waterfront Revitalization Program
Appendix E for bird lists compiled in earlier years.
113
114
i
Chapter 8- Highlights of Intermunicipal Cooperation established model ordinances and best management practices to appropriate municipal policies,guidelines
and laws. The WAC also assessed tidal and freshwater wetlands, streams and stream buffers, and
Itis fitting for the last chapter in this history of conservation in the Town of Mamaroneck(TOM)to discuss stormwater management basins. (All of these have the potential to provide water quality benefits, either
the Town's role in advancing intermunicipal cooperation especially under the subject of environmentalism. naturally or by human influences.) During the assessment of these features, the WAC identified areas of
" degradation and potential restoration and retrofit opportunities.167 The TOM lies in two of the sub-
Background of the Watershed Advisory Committee Program" watersheds(WAC 4 and WAC 5). The county studies began with WAC 3168 followed by WAC 5.
The Long Island Sound Study,a cooperative effort of the states of New York(NY) and Connecticut(CT) Watershed Advisory Committee 5 (WAC 5)
r and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)in 1991 to restore the water quality of Long Island
Sound(LIS),found numerous threats to the productivity and recreational viability of the Sound. It noted The WAC 5 study area established in 1995 included Stephenson Brook,Pine Brook and the Premium River,
that a primary problem was hypoxia or low oxygen caused by excessive nitrogen coming from both point Burling Brook and Larchmont Harbor. These sub-watersheds occupy portions of the City of New Rochelle
(end of pipe,i.e. sewage treatment plants)and nonpoint sources of pollution(stormwater runoff,floatable (NR),the TOM, and the villages of Larchmont(VOL),Mamaroneck(VOM),Pelham and Pelham Manor
debris etc.). The goal was to eliminate adverse impacts caused by human activities, a daunting task. The in WC, and the City of NY (Borough of the Bronx). The latter was not included in the study plan.
study recommended that local and state governments take specific actions to stop the trend of increasing Controlling Nonpoint Source Pollution in Long Island Sound A Management Plan for the Watersheds of
nitrogen levels in the Sound. Stephenson Brook, Burling Brook, Pine Brook and Larchmont Harbor was produced by WAC 5 in June
1997. The names of participants may be found in Appendix XXV.
In response to these findings,in 1992 County Executive Andrew O'Rourke formed a Citizens'Committee
consisting of members from various municipalities, businesses, environmental organizations and the The study is divided into two sections: section I"provides a broad understanding of watershed planning in
Westchester County (WC) Department of Planning (DOP). They drafted a 33 point program of ways to the LIS watershed....and makes specific recommendations for controlling nonpoint source pollution in the
primarily b protecting key water resources and better identifying and controlling WAC 5 study area". Section II provides the education and tools necessary to reduce nonpoint source
reduce pollution to LIS,p y y p g Y �' g g
potential problem sources, and thus improve water quality. That program was accepted by the County pollution. The East Creek restoration project(see Chapter 6)was a result of a WAC 5 recommendation.
Executive and implementation began in' 1993 by the WC Committee on Nonpoint Source Pollution in LISA
Initially,TOM Supervisor Elaine Price sat on this committee for a few moriths until she appointed this author Watershed Advisory Committee 4 (WAC 4)
to it in her stead. Nancy Seligson,Co-Chair of the TOM-VOL Coastal Zone Management Commission at
As noted above, WC had begun a program for improving water quality in LIS by devising a plan to
that time was also on the committee. Some years later, she became Chairperson of the group. coordinate and guide the activities of nineteen cities, towns and villages in Westchester•s LIS watershed
extending from Lewisboro south to Mount Vernon. After accomplishing plans for two of the study areas,
Watershed Planning there was insufficient funding for the program to continue.
The LIS watershed in WC comprises approximately 68,000 acres and supports approximately one-half of This author with the approval of then WC Commissioner of Planning Joyce Lannert and the TOM Board
the county's population. Nineteen county municipalities within ten sub-watersheds contribute drainage to
the Sound. To effectively plan for and manage the LIS watershed,the 68,000-acre basin was divided into applied for and received a grant under the NY State Environmental Protection Fund, administered by the
NY Department of State,which funded development of the plan for WAC 4. The 1998 grant brought six
six sub-watersheds with the intention of developing a nonpoint source pollution control plan for each. It was
municipalities (NR, TOM, VOM, Harrison, Scarsdale and White Plains) and WC together to focus their
known that a major source of nonpoint pollution is found in stormwater runoff. attention on stormwater runoff affecting Mamaroneck Harbor and the Sheldrake and Mamaroneck rivers,
both tributaries that drain into the western end of LIS. As was done previously,the WAC was comprised
Watershed Advisory Committees of residents and municipal staff charged with crafting a watershed management plan for specific areas with
Six intermunicipal Watershed Advisory Committees(WAC 1-6)were formed,each representing one of the considerable administrative and technical help coming from the County Planning Department staff.
sub-watershed study planning areas. The WAC was created to foster a cooperative relationship between all
municipalities alities in each of the sub-watersheds and to recognize the importance of developing locally The first section of the management plan contains recommendations specific to the WAC 4 study area and
P abroad understanding of watershed planning for the LIS watershed. In addition, it makes specific
acceptable nonpoint source pollution control plans. The WAC assessed municipal land use policies, recommendations for controlling nonpoint source pollution in each study area municipality. It describes
guidelines and laws in the study areas as they prepared their nonpoint source pollution control plans.They characteristics of the area, such as land use, streams and wetlands, and includes the results of watershed
also assessed municipal comprehensive plans for development. The assessment process compared
analyses and recommendations to reduce the volume of nonpoint source pollution entering LIS.
166 The watershed information in this chapter came from Controlling Polluted Stormwater:A Management Plan for 167
the Stephenson Brook,Pine Brook and Burling Brook, Watershed Advisory Committee 5, 1997 and Controlling Summary of Westchester County's Long Island Sound Watershed Management Program.
Polluted Stormwater:A Management Plan for the Sheldrake and Mamaroneck Rivers and Mamaroneck Harbor,
168 Controlling Nonpoint Source Pollution in LIS A Management Plan for the Watersheds of Beaver Swamp Brook,
Watershed Advisory Committee 4,2001. Beaver Swamp Brook West,Blind Brook,Mamaroneck Harbor,Milton Harbor and Port Chester Harbor.
' 115
116
ANN
.141
The second section is an appendix containing supplemental information and recommendations supporting spaces,given the support of landowners,could become a permanent local resource. Over the next several
the recommendations made in the first section. Section H highlights threats to water resources, identifies years,working with state,county and municipal officials,nature conservancies and civic groups,Varvayanis
pollutants impacting water quality,and discusses management strategies and practices to protect,preserve established a trail system that runs through municipal parklands,county trallways,and nature preserves".112
and restore natural features that are essential to ensuring good water quality in the watersheds that make up
the WAC 4 study area. This section is intended to be an educational tool to introduce the public and "May 22, 1988 marked the opening of the Westchester Greenway Trail, a monumental achievement by
municipal officials to watershed planning,nonpoint source pollution control,and the various ways to reduce Varvayanis which connected the Larchmont Reservoir Conservancy,Leatherstocking and Sheldrake trails
the threat of nonpoint source pollution. Section II also explains important federal stormwater regulations in the TOM with Ward Acres Park and Ward Acres Park in NR,Saxon Woods Park owned by WC,and the
w that impact almunicipalities icipalities in the study area.169 In 2001, the principles of this plan were endorsed by Weinberg Nature Center maintained by the Scarsdale Audubon Society in Scarsdale. The TOM's summer
a �I
"r resolutions from each of the six participating municipalities. crew helped create a permanent trail which extended the Leatherstocking Trail past Old White Plains Road
and through the VOM. The trail eventually hooked up to Saxon Woods Park at Gedney Pond.s173
The Streamwalk Program
Discovering in 2001 that the Westchester Greenway Trail was no longer maintained, sections no longer
A new procedure was added to the information gathering process for WAC 4. The Streamwalk Program, existed,and that the pathways no longer connected,TOM Councilwoman Nancy Seligson began working
under the jurisdiction of the WC Soil and Water Conservation District and implemented by the WC in July with NR, the Town/Village of Scarsdale, the VOM, WC and on occasion with the VOL on the
Department of Planning with Environmental Planner Sabrina Charney at the helm,met with members of the Colonial Greenway project. As of this writing, "the Colonial Greenway project is an effort to expand
Friends of the Reservoir to request assistance in forming the group. The Streamwalkers assignment dealt existing trails in the afore mentioned municipalities to create a 15 mile loop.The Colonial Greenway will
with what would be the technical assessment element of the WAC 4 plan- to assemble data on drainage, close gaps,and develop common signage,maintenance standards,maps and logos for the loop."
,I
pollution,erosion and other visible conditions along the rivers. Streamwalkers had to be a minimum of 16
years old.10 It was projected that it would take about eight hours to survey a two to three mile river segment "The NY State Hudson River Valley Greenway has granted$15,000 toward the project for signs and blazes.
and to complete a survey sheet. They participated in a training session and received a training packet,and The group is currently applying to WC for a larger grant for capital improvements needed in the TOM and
therefore there were no other requirements. Their survey sheets were used in preparing the WAC 4 plan. NR. The grand opening of the Colonial Greenway is expected in the spring of 2007".174
Led by Wallace Irwin,Jr.,who coordinated recruitment and training,a group of forty-four volunteers known Greenway Community
as the Streamwalkers helped assess streams in the WAC 4 study areal''during the summer of 1998. Wally
and the Streamwalkers were given state and national awards for their efforts from the U. S.Department of On July 18,2001,the Town Board passed a resolution requesting designation of the TOM as a Greenway
Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service. Community. The resolution stated that the Town Board supported the criteria contained in the Hudson River
Valley GreenwayAct which has as a goal a process for voluntary yregional cooperation and decision-making
In 2002, the WAC 4 Management Plan was awarded the U.S. EPA's Environmental Quality Award for among the communities of the Hudson River Valley. The Hudson Rivcr Valley Greenway Communities
"outstanding commitment to protecting and enhancing environmental quality in our region". The award is Council and the Greenway Conservancy for the Hudson River Valley,Inc.assist communities in developing
the highest recognition presented to the public by the EPA. local planning and projects related to the five criteria contained in the Greenway Act: natural and cultural
resource protection, regional planning, economic development, public assess, and heritage and
A grant awarded to WC in 2004 for restoration of two sites in NR and Gardens Lake in the Town was based environmental education.
on a WAC 4 recommendation(see Chapter 5,Gardens Lake Project 2006-2007).
Long Island Sound Watershed Intermunicival Council
Westchester Greenway Trail
The Long Island Sound Watershed Intermunicipal Council(LISWIC)is a group of twelve municipalities17'
"In 1976,as he looked at a map of the area near his own property,John Varvayanis,a high school biology located in the WC LIS Watershed. The Council resulted from a four-day Community Leadership Alliance ;.
teacher, wondered if it would be possible to hike between the many different green areas near his home. Program held in the spring of 1998 at Pace University Law School,where under the tutelage of Professor
After being granted permission to walk on the properties, John returned to the property owners to ask if, John Nolan, a group of municipal officials and leaders saw the potential benefits of working together to
le loop. v common goals. This author representing the TOM was instrumental in forming the group and with
as a one time activity,his college Alumni Hiking Club could be granted permission to hike the 8 ini p achieve g p g
The answer was YES!John became further persuaded by the possibility that such a pathway linking the open the agreement of the TOM in obtaining an Environmental Protection Fund grant in 1999 which helped in
part to create the Council.
169 Controlling Polluted Stormwater:A Management Plan for the Sheldrake and Mamaroneck Rivers and
Mamaroneck Harbor,2001. 173 Building Greenways in the Hudson River Valley,Scenic Hudson,Inc.and the National Park Service, 1989.
Thomas Leddy and Claudia Ng,CAC Annual
Report,
1988.
170 WC assumed liability coverage for the volunteers. 174 Current writings of Councilwoman Nancy Seligson,2006.
175 Cities of Mount Vernon,New Rochelle,Rye,Town of Mamaroneck,TownNillage of Harrison and Scarsdale,
171 See Appendix XXVI for the names of the volunteers. Villages of Larchmont,Mamaroneck,Pelham,Pelham Manor,Port Chester and Rye Brook.
117
118
II
With the assistance of Professor Nolan,an intermunicipal agreement was created and signed by the group
of twelve. It included these salient points:
• the goal of a cleaner LIS with the attendant responsibilities and benefits of protecting the LIS
watershed;
prevention of non-point source pollution,remediation of existing pollution and the preservation of
1 open space and natural resources;
• appropriate development and restoration of the business and industrial districts to promote economic
�
vitality;
�I
"r • maintenance and improvement of the quality of life including the quality of water and air, the
i
control of traffic and noise;
• the provision of open sace and recreational opportunities,the cultural social scenic aesthetic and v
C G
historical assets of the area; and
• preservation and restoration of wetlands,watercourses and associated habitat areas.
LISWIC objectives include:
• sharing information regarding development projects with intermunicipal impacts; Premium Marsh normal tide. Premium Marsh extreme tide.
• resolution of disputes regarding development projects that impact environmentally sensitive areas;
!
• developing compatible comprehensive plans,zoning and land use regulations; i
• monitoring compliance and enforcement of regulations;
developing programs for educating the public and public officials; r
• securing and sharing federal, state and county,agency funding; and }
• coordinating efforts with federal,state and county agencies and authorities to assure that activities y
in the watershed are compatible with the plans and programs of the cooperating municipalities. " u
Lower LI Sound Drainage Basin
The complete LISWIC history may be found at its website.16
It is my hope that the Town's role in advancing intermunicipal cooperation will continue to expand. ,:`, - �
Creating and instituting local government policy is largely about the individuals who are elected to office
and their ability to reflect their constituents' wishes. The most effective way for conservation of resources A
s
to continue and grow is with intermunicipal cooperation. o 0
J
V 4d
b
it
i
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d
C
1'
176
www.LISWIC.org
. 4
G i . 119
Dredging boat in the Premium River,1995. Readying Lorenzen Field to accept dredged material.
NEL
i
APPENDIX I APPENDIX I-continued
TOWN OF MAMARONECK LIBRARY COLLECTION ENVIRONMENTAL ARTICLES & PHOTOS -Volume 2
ENVIRONMENTAL ARTICLES &PHOTOS -Volume 1
1. General Early Environmental
2. Mamaroneck River Clean-Up
1. Bonnie Briar
3. Harbor Island
2. Clean-Up/Beautification
4. Westchester Joint Water Works
3. East Creek/Sheldrake Watershed
5. L.I.F.E. Program
4. Emerson Avenue Development
6. Town Celebrations
5. Engineers, Municipal
7. Old Post Cards Painted by William H. Johnson
6. Flood Control
8. Religions
7. Flooding/Storms
9. Movies
I
8. Gardens Lake/Duck Pond 10. Cemeteries
1
9. Guadanolo Property (Carlton House) 11. Pollution
ii
10. Hommocks 12. Sewers
13. Honor Roll
11. Local Waterfront Revitalization Program and Wallace Irwin, Jr.
12. Pine Brook/Robert Hohber
g 14. Wined Foot
Winged
LARCHMONT RESERVOIR - Volume 3
13. Premium River and Complex
SHELDRAKE RIVER TRAILS -Volume 4
14. Storm Drains/Water Main Breaks I
MISCELLANEOUS-Volume 5
15. Long Island Sound 1955 Annual Report
1961 Hommocks Tale
1960-1973 Articles &Photos
'i
11
i
I
I
I
SII
120 121
7
APPENDIX II APPENDIX III
Cross County Lands Study Committee Larchmont-Mamaroneck Nature Council '
1965-1970
Formed March 1962 with representatives from the Unincorporated Area of the Town of Mamaroneck,the pip Wood Chairman Margery Meyer
Villages of Larchmont and Mamaroneck, Parks, Recreation and Planning Commissions, community Bobbi Abelson
Lilli Montezinos L�
conservation organizations,businesses and residents whose property adjoined strip. June Allen Gillian Montgomery
Mrs.Randolph Allen Mrs.John Motycka
x, William B. Arthur Village of Mamaroneck Recreation Commission"' Janet Alter Blanche Moss
Lee Bloom,Chairman Unincorporated Town Planning Board Betsy Beckley Sue Nelson
William P.Carr Unincorporated Town Resident-Bonnie Briar Mrs. Seymour Bernstein Renee Overholser
Harold T.Fox Unincorporated Town Resident- Country Lane Betty Billington Marie Owens
Mary Anne Johnson, Secty Village of Larchmont Barbara Brazill Selma Petker
i` Roland H. Kenton Unincorporated Town Eleanor Butcher Joanne Pugh
George E.Mills Jr. Unincorporated Town Chamber of Commerce Mrs. Benjamin Byers Kay Quigley
Richard J. Scheuer Village of Larchmont Planning Board Mrs.Edwin Case Louise Roane
Park Commission 178 Billie Dawn Citrone Peggy Rogers
John W. Sharbough Unincorporated Town
Mrs. George Stewart Village of Larchmont Garden Club-Larchmont Ronnie Coleman Betty Schwartz
Leon Stowell Unincorporated Town Irma Cook Hallie Sether
Mrs. Charles Strauss Unincorporated Town League of Women Voters Brigie Dickinson Gretchen Sharpless
Recreation Study Rita Dieck Sue Shimkin
William L.Walter Village of Mamaroneck Planning Board Elizabeth Evans Naomi Skriloff
James C. Hall Liaison Board of Education Appointed September Betty Jane Folger Arline Stefaniska
Christine K. Helwig Liaison Town Council Sylvia Franklin Michele Steichen
Macke Friedman Renee Steinberg
Rainald D. Sclater Representative Park Committee Board Y
Caroline Gaynor Hallie Sether
Anne Glasheen Nancy Sterbenz
1963
Eileen Glickman Joan Stone
Henry J. Blossy Village of Larchmont Herbert Golden Pat Tekulsky
Ethel Guttmann Janneke Van Leuween
Rainald D. Sclater Unincorporated Town
Mrs.William Hart Audrey Varley
Rosemarie Hirshey Dorothy Vollmer
Betty Hogg Rosa Wagner
Cate Huttlinger Joanne Wanderer
Betty Jacobson Mildred Warnecke
Mary Anne Johnson Liz West
Darline Kanter Mrs.Robert L. Young !I
Mrs. Samuel Katz Virginia Zingesser
Aline King
Jane Kirstein
Mrs.Carl Kleid i'1
Maxcy Kopell Clifford Emanuelson Conservation
II I
Helen Koritz Consultant
Carol Lanyi Sheldon Levine L i a i s o n
Lenore Levine elementary ools
Dot Linderoth
Dot Lipton
Anneliese Lust
177 Resigned fall of 1962. Audrey Manchester
Mary McNamara
178 Resigned summer of 1962.
122 123 III
I
3"
APPENDIX IV APPENDIX V
A Weekly.Tourney Through Nature's Trails
(Articles published in The Daily Times)
Junior Naturalist Corns 1965-1967 Indexed by year
^.` NAME AGE GRADE COMPLETED SCIENCE TEACHER
1966
Andre,Patrick 12 7-Mamaroneck Jr. High
Beland,Mary 13 7- Sts. John&Paul Mr. Konn Areas:
Billington,Richard 12 7-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mrs. Toborsky Duck Pond November 11 & 17 Mary Anne and James G. Johnson,Jr.
Blair,Andrew 11 6-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mr. Kelly Guion Creek December 22 Robert Arbib,Jr.
Hommocks October 19 Virginia Zingesser
Brennan,Maev 13 7-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mr. Yahia g g f
Brennan,Niall 11 6-Murray Avenue Mr. Kelly
Leatherstocking Trails November 25 & Virginia Zingesser
Crean, Cathy 13 7-Ursuline Academy Mother Marie Aimee December 2
{ Dandy,Amy 13 7-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mrs. Toborsky Manor Park December 9 Elizabeth West
De Kulper,Kristin 12 7-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mr. Yahia Rockland Pocket November 4 Elizabeth Billington
Grubb, G 12 6-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mr. Loner an Sheldrake Trails October 12 Virginia Zingesser
Hill, Greggn 13 7-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mr. YahiaWarren Avenue October 28 Virginia Zingesser
Hoenig,John 13 7-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mrs. Toborsky Book List December 16
Huber,Barbara 13 7-Ursuline Academy Mother Marie Aimee
Kechejian,Lynda 11 6-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mrs. Von Bernith 1967
O'Connell,Kate 12 7- St. Augustine Sister Ann Paul Areas:
O'Connell, Kevin 14 8-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mr. Burke Brookside Drive September 22 Elizabeth Billington
Reisman,Irene 13 7-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mr. Yahia,Miss Watford Hommocks Conservation Area February 3 John Zappala
Schwartz, Seth Andrew 14 8-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mr. Massimo Zagariello June 29 Virginia Zingesser
White,Penny 13 7-Mamaroneck Jr. High Mrs. Toborsky Hommocks- Orienta January 20 &27 Charles Marden Fitch
Long Island Sound August 3 Richard M. McLaughlin
Mamaroneck River April 7 Marjorie Ilgenfritz
Outdoors October 13 Mary Anne Johnson ;
Premium Mill Pond January 6 James G. Johnson,Jr.
Leader Charles Marden Fitch Pryer Manor June 15 Geraldine Bahrt
Teachers John Zappala Salt Marshes April 21 Philip W. Wood
Stephen Wolff Rockland Avenue September 29 Elizabeth Billington {I
High school assistants Joan Berkley Sheldrake Trails January 13,August 18 Elizabeth Billington
Chris Hartmann Beautification June 8 Emily Wood
Coordinator Conservation Advisory Committee Mrs. Lawrence Zingesser Birds:
As Wild Pets July 20 Eugenia Vincent
Leader- Summer 1966 program John Zappala Feeding November 9 Marie Owens
Student assistants Jan Goldman Migration December 21 Ethel Guttmann J
Van Xistris Purple Martins July 6 Evelyn L. Land
Shore Birds May 25 Geraldine Bahrt
Student assistants- Summer 1967 Lois Lipton Song Birds May 12 Virginia Zingesser
Don Bertolini Ferns August 24 Mrs. Austin Phillips
Flowers May 19 Sheldon Levine
August 11 Virginia Zingesser
Insects February 10 Sheldon Levine
Marine Life:
Horseshoe Crab July 13 Roy Pinney
Pesticides November 2 Jane Kirstein
. i a
124 125
I
APPENDIX V-cont. APPENDIX V-cont.
1967 continued 1968 continued
Photography: Birds(continued)
Nature December 28 D.M. Neville June 27 Geraldine Bahrt
' I
Pollution: Conservation:
Air Pollution April 27 Martha Munzer Education November 21 Elizabeth Billington
May 7 Charles Marden Fitch Ecology April 18 & May 16 Elizabeth Billington
Litter November 16 Elizabeth Billington June 13 Mary Anne Johnson
Sanitary Sewers July 27 Richard M. Laughlin Environment: November 14 Charles Marden Fitch I
Seasons: Walk After A Storm December 12 Elizabeth Billington
Spring April 13, May 4 Charles Marden Fitch Gardening:
Spring June 1 Virginia Zingesser Attracting Birds February 8 Virginia Zingesser
Winter March 3 Virginia Zingesser Plants &Animals-Relationship July 11 Elizabeth Billington
Streams and Rivers March 10, 17, 24 George Straub Sand March 7 Harry S. Schimmel
Vacant Lots December 8 & 14 Roberta Abelson Seasons:
Water: Autumn Mary September 26 M Anne Johnson
P
Tides March 31 Roy Pinney October 10 Elizabeth Billington
Wildflowers October 19 Marie Owens October 24 Nancy Sterbenz
Diary February 1 Nancy Sterbenz
1968 Hibernation March 14 Ethel Guttman
Spring April 25 Mary Anne Johnson
Animals: January 11 & 18 Roy Pinney Winter February 1 Nancy Sterbenz
In the Woods March 14 Ethel Guttmann Sunlight March 21 Elizabeth Billington
Chipmunk June 20 Hallie Sether Trees:
Opossum October 3 Hallie Sether Larch October 31 Mary Anne Johnson
Raccoons October 17 Hallie Sether Pine December 26 Nancy Sterbenz
Skunks July 25 Hallie Sether Wildflowers:
Squirrel, Gray September 19 Hallie Sether Jack-in-the-Pulpit May 23 Nancy Sterbenz
Others August 22 Virginia Zingesser
Areas:
Guion Marsh May 2 & May 9 Helen W. Brown Protection March 28 Nancy Sterbenz
Hawk Mountain November 7 James G. Johnson Jr. 1969
Manor Park Undated Elizabeth West
Ponds September 12 Elizabeth Billington Areas:
Premium Mill Pond February 15 Mary Anne Johnson Cove Road Hatchery May 8 John Maurice Hoenig
Rockland Pocket June 6 Mary Anne Johnson Duck Pond March 27 John Maurice Hoenig
Rocky Shores (Littoral Area) September 5 Philip W. Wood Hommocks School May 22 Ethel Guttmann and John Zappala
Sheldrake Trails March 20 Westchester Today Elizabeth Billington Leatherstocking Trails October 23 Mary Anne Johnson
August 8 Elizabeth Billington Sheldrake Trails September 18 Tom Norbom
Birds: The Tropics January 16 and 23 Charles Marden Fitch
Feeding January 25 Geraldine Bahrt Woodlands March 13 Hallie and Wendell Sether
November 29 Charles Marden Fitch June 5 Nancy Sterbenz
December 5 Charles Marden Fitch Birds:
Purple Martins April 11 Philip W. Wood As Wild Pets April Marie Owens
Resident April Nancy Sterbenz Canada Geese July 3 Charles Marden Fitch
Nests May 1 June Allen and Ethel Guttmann
126
7 127
r
APPENDIX V-cont.
APPENDIX V-cont.
f1969 continued
�, �;• , 1970 continued
Birds(continued)
Where Do They Go? December 4 Ethel Guttmann Birds(continued)
Butterflies September 25 Hallie Sether Local species August 27 Paul Lehman, student
� w
Environment: Parakeet Februaryton
5 Elizabeth Billington
t ` En October 30 Marie Owens g
Diversity Winter Bird Feeding December 10 Elisabeth Lehman
Flowers: Wintering Waterfowl March 12 Robert Arbib
Mosses June 19 Students Hommocks School Camouflage October 8 Ethel Guttmann
Plantmobile June 26 John Holleman and Mark Compost November 5 James H.Van Hom
Aronson Ecology:
Roses June 12 Elizabeth Billington Christmas Presents December 17 Hallie Sether
Marine Life: Survival November 12 Ethel Guttmann
Fish-Where From? December 11 Louis Del Guercio,M.D. Environment: March 19 Clifford E.Emanuelson
Pollution: April 23 Craig Oresman,Hommocks
Water January 30, February 6 Philip W. Wood student
February 13 Legislation March 26 Elisabeth Lehman
Reptiles: Workshop September 17 Eugene W.Eagan
Snakes November 13 Hallie Sether Insects: May 21 Hallie Sether
Seasons:
Galls September 10 Nancy Sterbenz
Birdwatchers February 27 Mary Anne Johnson Mosquitoes April 9 Elisabeth Lehman
Snowflakes February 17 Elizabeth Billington Noise
January 8,February 20 Elizabeth Billington December 3 James Van Horn
Winter ary ary g Pesticides June 4,June 11 Nancy Sterbenz
Seeds: October 22 Elisabeth Lehman
How Seeds Travel November 6 Ethel Guttmann Plants:
Trees and Shrubs: Poisonous July 30 Marie Owens
American Chestnut October 9 Mary Anne Johnson Pollution:
Deciduous April 24 Elizabeth Billington Air May 7 Charles Marden Fitch
Horsechestnut October 2 Ethel Guttmann Human Pollution August 6&23 Herbert Golden
Litter June 18 James Van Horn
1970 Long Island Sound February 26 Charles Hessler
Saxon Woods Park April 2 Gary Lehman,Hommocks student
Amphibians: Various forms January 8 Charles Marden Fitch
Frogs&Salamanders May 14 Hallie Sether Recycling November 19 Mamaroneck High School students
Areas: Seasons:
Devereux Estate November 27 Mildred Warnecke Areas to Visit December 30 Maxine Frankenfelder
Hommocks Salt Marsh October 15 Alene King Autumn October 29 Elizabeth Billington
Hudson River July 16 John M.Hoenig,MHS student Winter:
Pryer Manor Conservation Area October 1 June Allen Areas to visit December 30 M.Frankenfelder
Seashore June 25 Hallie Sether January Observations January 15 Nancy Sterbenz
November 20 Dona Thomas Water: July 9 Philip W.Wood
Sheldrake Trails July 23 Flicky Ford & Sam Brasel, Noise April 16 Elizabeth Billington
MHS students Stormwater March 5 John C.Dudley
Virgin Island September 3 Kim Meyers, student Weather April 30 Charles Bernstein
Birds:
Audubon Christmas Count January 22 and 29 Mary Anne Johnson
129
' 128
APPENDIX V-cont.
APPENDIX V-cont.
1971
1972-continued
Areas:
Continental Shelf June 17 Nancy Sterbenz
Estuaries&Salt marshes June 10,June 24 Nancy Sterbenz Streets Named for Trees December 15 Ethel Guttmann
a Wildflowers:
Salt marshes June 3 Mary Anne Johnson
Warren Avenue Nature Area March 11 Betty Hogg In Spring April Elizabeth Billington
Birds:
• `r
Suburban Stress October 15 Elisabeth Lehman 1973
Winter Feeding December 3 Elisabeth Lehman
Areas:
Environment:
Mamaroneck River August 23 David Sleeper
Arbor Day April 29 Nancy Sterbenz
Environment:
Earth Week April 22 Mary Anne Johnson Enviro
Stone Walls May 20 Elizabeth Billington Natural Resources Inventory August 30 David Sleeper
Recycling December 11 Susan Amlicke
Fish:
Alewives May 13 Bruce C. Dudley Scholarships:
Flowers: Conservation-Camp Arnot November 21 Breck A.Carrow, student
Daffodill Bulb April 8 Mary Anne Johnson Merck Forest Work-Study December 14 Jim Coe,student
Mount Rainier National Park December 28 Paul Lehman, student
Insects:
Fireflies May 27 Ethel Guttmann Seasons:
Gypsy Moth Symposium December 10 Elisabeth Lehman Shrubs in Bloom April 13 Ethel Guttmann
Predatory Insects March 18 &25 Charles Marden Fitch Trees and Shrubs:
Pesticides February 18 Elisabeth Lehman
� Sugar Maple-Sugaring March 9 Alene King
Plants:
Used by Indians March 4 Ethel Guttmann 1974
Trees: i
ry
Histo in Tree Stump April 1 Nancy Sterbenz Areas:
Hommocks Conservation Area
October 8 Dorothy Early
Water:
Tidal Currents-Long Island Sound February 25 R.M. McLaughlin Environment:
Earth Week April 26 Mary Anne Johnson
1972 Using 5 Senses October 11 Marie Owens
1975
Areas:
Conservation Areas,Maintenance July 14 David Sleeper Areas:
Salt Marshes,Why Save? June 30 David Sleeper Flint Park and Spring April 25 Kathryn Moody r
Birds: Premium Mill Pond February 6 James G.Johnson,Jr.
Caring for Baby Birds May 19 Elisabeth Lehman Seashore-Manor Beach November 20 Dona Thomas
Birds:
How They Eat March 3 Hallie Sether
Environment: Fall Migration December James G. Johnson,Jr.
Swans February7&March 7 James G.Johnson,Jr.
Esthetic Pleasures
March 10 Charles Marden Fitch
Grasses: June 16 Ethel Guttmann Geology:
County&Rock March 28 June Allen
Litter:
Impact on Animals
April Charles Marden Fitch Insects May 9 Elisabeth Lehman
Schools:
Seasons Winter:
lil Landscape January 28 Alene King Scholarship Report January 30 Randal Wax
Life Renews Itself December 8 Elizabeth Billington Trees and Shrubs:
1, Holly December 18 Ray Sayers
Trees: !
j'
Dogwood February 4 Alene King
131
130
IJI'
M 0
APPENDIX V-cont. APPENDIX V-continued
1976 1978(continued)
Animals: Reptiles:
Deer February 26 Ruth Gutman Snakes November 24 L.I.F.E.Center
Areas: Seasons:
Mamaroneck-History March 26 Mary Anne Johnson Mating Season March 23 Katherine Bregman
5 Premium Mill Pond January 8 James G. Johnson Jr. Wildflowers August 10 Nancy Sterbenz
ai Birds:
Fall Migration September 30 Thomas W. Burke 1979
Flickers May 6 James G.Johnson,Jr.
Owls February 12 Mary Davis Areas:
Mills March 17 Mary Anne Johnson Larchmont Harbor December 10 Elinor Fredston
Plants: Birds:
House January 15 Myrtle Young Why Do Birds Fly South? March 22 Katherine Bregman
Trees: Wildflowers:
Olive April 22 Kay Karmel Bloodroot April 12 Katherine Bregman
Coltsfoot May 3 Katherine Bregman
1977
1980
Areas:
Larchmont Reservoir August 25 Nancy Sterbenz u Areas:
Sheldrake River Trails April 21, Elizabeth Billington Larchmont Reservoir June 30 James G.Johnson,Jr.
Conservation:
Scholarships:Yosemite Natl.Park April 7 Ellen Tohn, student 1981
Schools:
Student Action Program March 18 Kay Luther Areas:
Seasons: Hommocks Conservation Area May 18 Mavis Moore
March March 27 George Ehrenhaft Leatherstocking Trail May 11 Dona Thomas
Premium Marsh May 25 Mary Anne Johnson
1978 Trees:
Areas: Locusts July 13 & 20 Mary Anne Johnson
Leatherstocking Trail September 14 Margaret Strauss
Birds: UNDATED
American Egret July 27 Katherine Bregman
Snow Goose September 7 Katherine Bregman Geology:
Butterflies September 21 Katherine Bregman Rocks June Allen
Geology: Pollution:
Rocks December 28 Margaret Strauss Conservation Areas Marie Owens
Marine Life: Human Herbert M. Golden
Horseshoe Crab September 28 Suzanne Carpenter Trees:
Jellyfish July 20 Katherine Bregman Budding Elizabeth Billington
Plants: Water:
Fungus November 2 Katherine Bregman Hoarfrost Crystals Helene S. Berg
Recycling:
Glass March 30 Susan Amlicke
132 133
w
APPENDIX V-continued
APPENDIX V-continued
A Weekly Journey Through Nature's Trails Indexed by topic
(Articles published in The Daily Times)
Premium Mill Pond January 6, 1967, February 15, 1968, February 6, 1975,
Indexed by topic 1976
Pryer Manor June 15, 1967
Amphibians: Pryer Manor Conservation Area October 1, 1970
Frogs & Salamanders May 14 1970 Rockland Avenue September 29, 1967
Animals: January 11 & 18 Rockland Pocket November 4, 1966,June 6, 1968
Chipmunk June 20, 1968 Rocky Shores (Littoral Area) September 5, 1968 f'
Deer February 26, 1976 Salt Marshes April 21, 1967,June 3, 1971
In the Woods March 14, 1968 Salt Marshes,Why Save? June 30, 1972
Opossum October 3, 1968 Seashore June 25, 1970, November 20
Raccoon October 17,1968 Sheldrake Trails October 12, 1966,January 13 &August 18, 1967,
Skunk July 25, 1968 March 20, 1968 (Westchester Today), August 8, 1968,
Squirrel September 19, 1968 September 18, 1969,July 23, 1970,April 21, 1977
World of Darkness December 18, 1969 The Tropics January 16 &23, 1969
Areas:
Virgin Island September 3 1970
g P ,
Brookside DriveSe September 22, 1967 Warren Avenue October 28,1966, March 11, 1971
Conservation Areas, Maintenance July 14, 1972 Woodlands March 13 &June 5, 1969
Continental Shelf June 17, 1971 Beautification June 8,1967
Cove Road Hatchery May 8 1969 Birds:
Devereux Estate November 27,1970 American Egret July 27, 1978
Duck Pond November 11 & 17, 1966,March 27, 1969 As Wild Pets July 20, 1967, April 3, 1969
Estuaries & Salt marshes June 10& June 24, 1971 Audubon Christmas Count January 22 & 29, 1970
Flint Park&Spring April 25, 1975 Canada Geese July 3, 1969
Guion Creek December 22, 1966 Caring for Baby Birds May 19, 1972
Guion Marsh May 2 &9, 1968 Fall Migration December 1975, September 30, 1976
Hawk Mountain November 7, 1968 Feeding November 9,1967,January 25, November 29 &
Hommocks October 19, 1966 December 1968
Hommocks Conservation Area February 3 &June 29, 1967, October 15, 1970, Flickers May 6, 1976
i, October 8, 1974, May 18, 1981 How They Eat March 3, 1972
Hommocks-Orienta January 20& 27, 1967 Local species August 27, 1970
Hommocks School May 22, 1969 Migration December 21, 1967
Hudson River July 16, 1970 Nests May 1, 1969
Larchmont Harbor Owls February 12 1
December 10, 1979 ary 976
Larchmont ReservoirAugust 1977,June 30, 1980 Parakeet February 5, 1970
Leatherstocking Trails November 25 & December 2, 1966 Purple Martins July 6, 1967, April 11, 1968
November 22, 1967, October 23, 1969 September 14, Resident April 4 & June 27, 1968
1978,May 11, 1981 Shore Birds May 25, 1967
Lon Island Sound August 3,1967 Snow Goose September
7, 1978
Mamaroneck History March 26, 1976 Song Birds May 12,1967
Mamaroneck River April 7, 1967, August 23, 1973 Suburban Stress October 15, 1971
Manor Park December 9, 1966, Undated 1968 Swans February 7 &March 7, 1975
Ponds September 12, 1968 Why Do Birds Fly South? March 22, 1979
Outdoors October 13, 1967 Where Do They Go? December 4,1969
Premium Marsh May 25, 1981 Winter Feeding December 10, 1970, December 3, 1971
Wintering Waterfowl March 12, 1970
I�
134 135
. i
s y
APPENDIX V-continued APPENDIX V-continued
Indexed by topic Indexed by topic f
Book List December 16, 1966 Litter continued:
on Animals
Impact Butterflies September 25, 1969, September 21, 1978 Im p April 21, 1972 f�
Camouflage October 8, 1970 Saxon Woods Park April 2, 1970
Compost November 5, 1970 Marine Life:
Conservation: Alewives May 13, 1971
Education November 21, 1968 Fish-Where From? December 11, 1969
Scholarships: Horseshoe Crab September 28, 1978
Conservation Camp Arnot November 21, 1973 Jellyfish July 20, 1978
Merck Forest Work-Study December 14, 1973 Mills March 17, 1976
Noise December 3, 1970
Mount Rainier Natl. Park December 28, 1973
Pesticides November 2, 1967,June 4 & 11, 1970, October 22,
Yosemite National Park April 7, 1977
Ecology: April 18, May 16, and June 13, 1968 1970, February 18, 1971
Christmas Presents December 17, 1970 Photography, Nature December 28, 1967
Survival November 12,1970 Plants:
Environment: November 14,1968, March 19 &April 23,1970 Fungus November 2,1978
Arbor Day April 29, 1971 House January 15, 1976
Diversity October 3 0, 1969 Plants &Animals-Relationship July 11, 1968
Earth Week April 22, 1971,April 26,1974 Poisonous July 30, 1970
Esthetic Pleasures March 10 1972 Used by Indians March 4, 1971
Legislation March 26, 1970 Pollution: January 8, 1970
Natural Resources Inventory August 30, 1973 Air Pollution April, 27, 1967, May 7
Stone Walls May 20, 1971
Conservation Areas Undated
Using 5 Senses October 11, 1974 Human August 6 & 23, 1970, Undated
Walk After A Storm Decemberl2, 1968 Long Island Sound February 26, 1970
Saxon Woods Park April 2, 1970
Workshop September 17,1970 Various Forms January 8, 1970
Ferns August 24,1967
February 6 & 13 1969
January 30 1969 e
Water J ,
Flowers: M y �'
May 19 &August 11, 1967
Daffodill Bulb April 8, 1971 Recycling: November 19, 1970,December 11, 1973
Mosses June 19, 1969 Glass March 3 0, 1978
Reptiles:
Plantmobile June 26, 1969 Re P
Roses June 12, 1969 Snakes November 13, 1969, November 24, 1978
Gardening: Sand March 7,1968
Attracting Birds February 8, 1968 Sanitary Sewers July 27, 1967
Grasses June 16, 1972 Schools:
Horseshoe Crab July 13, 1967
Scholarship Report January 30, 1975
Geology: Student Action Program March 18, 1977
County &Rocks March 28, 1975 Seasons:
Areas to Visit December 30 1970
Rocks Dec. 28, 1978, Undated
Insects: February 10 1967 May 21 1970 May 9 1975 Autumn September 26, 1968, October 10&24, 1968, October
ary y y ,
� Fireflies May 27, 1971 29, 1970
Galls September 10, 1970 Birdwatchers February 27, 1969
Gypsy-Moth Symposium December 10, 1971 Diary February 1, 1968
Hibernation March 14, 1968
Mosquitoes April 9, 1970
Predatory Insects March 18 & 25, 1971 January Observations January 15, 1970
Litter: November 16, 1967,June 18, 1970 Landscape January 28, 1972
i'
137
' 136
APPENDIX V continued APPENDIX VI
Indexed by topic
Conservation Advisory Committee
Seasons continued:
Life Renews Itself December 8, 1972 August 5, 1964-1965
March March 27, 1977
Ranald D. Sclater Chair Also member Town Park Board
Mating Season March 23, 1978
Raymond P. Faiola Businessman
Shrubs in Bloom April 13, 1973
Spring April 13, 1967, May 4&June 1, 1967, April 25, 1968 Mary Anne Johnson Secretary Environmentalist Village Of Larchmont
p Y p Martha Munzer Writer, lecturer,teacher Village Of
Winter March 3, 1967,February 1, 1968,January 8 & Mamamroneck
February 20, 1969,January 15, 1970
Seeds: Alan D. Reep Biology teacher Mamaroneck High
School
How Seeds Travel November 6, 1969
Snowflakes February 17, 1967
Christine K. Helwig Town of Mamaroneck Liaison
Streams &Rivers March 10, 17 & 24, 1967
Sunlight March 21, 1968
Tides March 31, 1967 Staff
Trees &Shrubs: Clifford Emanuelson Part-time Environmental Consultant
American Chestnut October 9, 1969 1966
Budding Undated
Deciduous April 24, 1969
Dogwood February 4, 1972 Alan N.Weeden Chair
History in Tree Stump April 1 1971 Raymond P. Faiola
Mary
Anne Johnson
Holl December 18 1 7
Y 9 5
Horsechestnut October 2, 1969 Martha Munzer
Larch October 31, 1968 Alan D. Reep
Locusts July 13 & 20 1981 Mrs. Rex W. Vincent
Olive April 22, 1976 Village Of Mamaroneck liaison
Pine December 26, 1968 Robert E. Arbib g
Streets Named for Trees December 15, 1972 John E.Forrest Village Of Larchmont liaison
Sugar Maple- Sugaring March 9, 1973 Christine K. Helwig Town of Mamaroneck Liaison
Vacant Lots December 8 & 14, 1967 Staff
Water: July 9,1970
Hoarfrost Crystals Undated Clifford Emanuelson(part-time) Environmental Consultant
Noise April 16, 1970 P.Thomas Leddy (part-time) Ranger-Custodian
Stormwater March 5, 1970 1970
Tidal Currents-Long Island Sound February 25,1971
Weather April 30, 1970 Alan Weeden Chat'
3' Wildflowers: October 19, 1967,August 10, 1978
Mary Anne Johnson Secretary
Bloodroot April 12, 1979
+ Coltsfoot May 3,1979 Martha Munzer
In Spring April 7, 1972 Mrs. Rex W. Vincent
Jack-in-the-Pulpit May 23, 1968 Michael Yahia
Others August 22,1968
Protection March 28,1968
r
139
138
� I
�> APPENDIX VI-continued
APPENDIX VI-continued
IIh Conservation Advisory Commission
Conservation Advisory Commission
1973-1974
Thomas R. Amlicke19 Chair Attorney TOM 1976
Herbert Bijur Businessman VOM Thomas R. Amlicke Chair
Elinor Fredston180 Environmentalist,teacher VOL Orlando Ciraco Guidance Counselor VOM
I;! James R. Gunsalus Executive NY Telephone Co. TOM Joseph DeSalvo Attorney VOM
L� Robert Hohberg Teacher of Biology MHS
Elinor Fredston
Fi Wallace Irwin,Jr. Writer,Editor VOL James R. Gunsalus
Mary Anne Johnson Environmentalist VOL Robert Hohberg
Sally Kennelley Teacher of Environmental Studies MHS Wallace Irwin,Jr.
Martha Munzer Writer,teacher VOM Sally Kennelley
B.William Nimkin Edith Silberstein Planner VOM
II,I'I II, Mary Anne Johnson Emeritus
Staff Martha Munzer Emeritus
Clifford E.Emanuelson(part-time)
I,I P.Thomas Leddy 1977
Martha Schirmer (part-time) Recording Secretary Thomas R.Amlicke183 Chair
Vivienne Brauman Conservation Chair Larchmont Garden Club TOM
1975 Jack Burke MHS Biology Teacher VOM
Thomas R.Amlicke181 Chair Orlando Ciraco
Herbert Bijur182 Joseph DeSalvo
Elinor Fredston Elinor Fredston183
James R. Gunsalus James Gunsalus183
Robert Hohberg Robert Hohberg
Wallace Irwin,Jr. Harold Weitzner184 Nuclear Physicist VOL
jSally Kennelley Mary Anne Johnson 183 Emeritus
Mary Anne Johnson Martha Munzer Emeritus
Martha Munzer Jacques Dubouchet183 Hydrologist Freshwater Wetlands Commission only
�! B.William Nimkin Staff
Clifford E.Emanuelson Part-time
Staff P.Thomas Leddy
Clifford E.Emanuelson(part-time) Eileen Mason Secretary Part-time
P.Thomas Leddy(full time)
Secretary 1978
Thomas
Amlicke Chair CAC
I,.
Robert C. Barrettl13 Chair Freshwater Wetlands Commission
Jack Burke MHS Biology Teacher
TOM=Town of Mamaroneck,VOL=Village of Larchmont,VOM=Village of Mamaroneck,MHS=Mamaroneck High School Orlando Ciraco
Elinor Fredston
James Gunsalus
Robert Hohberg
179 Mary Anne Johnson Emeritus
Appointed with
Martha Munzer and Wallace Irwin,Jr.to Westchester Count Environmental Advisory Council b
Y rY Y
County Executive Edwin G.Michaelian.
180
Appointed May 1 74
9 to complete unexpired term of B.William
� PP Y P P Nimkin.
181 Appointed with Martha Munzer and Wallace Irwin Jr.to County Environmental Advisory Council by County
Executive Edwin G.Michaelian. 183 Member Water Control Commission established pursuant to Local Law No. 1, 1976.
182 Resigned June 1975. 184 Resigned.
140
+. 141
APPENDIX VI- continued
APPENDIX VI- continued
Conservation Advisory Commission
Conservation Advisory Commission
1982
1978-continued C. Alan Mason'"-186 Chair
Martha Munzer Emeritus Susan Amlicke
Staff Orlando Ciraco
Phyllis Bers Secretary Kathryn Clarke
Y Y
Clifford E. Emanuelson Jacques Dubouchet"'
P. Thomas Leddy Elinor Fredston'83
Christine Helwig Advisor Robert Hohberg"'
Lee Bloom Liaison TOM James Santos
Lawrence Lowy Liaison VOL Mary Anne Johnson 113 Emeritus
1979 1983
Joseph DeSalvo Resigned December 1979. C. Alan Mason' Chair
Susan Amlicke
1980 Orlando Ciraco
Robert C. Barrett'"' Chair Attorney Kathryn Clarke
Susan Amlicke Family Interest& Resource Jacques Dubouchet1S3
Service Team TOM Elinor Fredston 183
Orlando Ciraco Robert Hohberg'"'
Elinor Fredston183 Archie Messenger Planning &Zoning VOL
James Gunsalus 183,185
James Santos Planning &Zoning TOM&VOL
Robert Hohberg Mary Anne Johnson'13 Emeritus
C. Alan Mason Dentist,Attorney TOM
Mildred Warnecke VOM 1984
Mary Anne Johnson18' Emeritus C. Alan Mason'"' Chair
Martha Munzer Emeritus Susan Amlicke
Staff Robert S. Arbib
Clifford E. Emanuelson Orlando Ciraco
P. Thomas Leddy Kathryn Clarke
Jacques Dubouchet'"3
1981 Elinor Fredston'83
Robert C. Barrett'83 Chair Robert Hohberg183
i
Susan Amlicke Archie Messenger
Orlando Ciraco James Santos
Kathryn Clarke Coastal Zone Mgt.Comm.VOM Mary Anne Johnson'"' Emeritus
Jacques DuBouchet183 Hydrologist VOL
John M. Eney Resigned April 1981 1985
i
Elinor Fredston'"' C. Alan Mason'"'
Robert Hohberg183 Gloria Allen Nurse VOL
C. Alan Mason18' Susan Amlicke
Mildred Warnecke Robert Arbib
Mary Anne Johnson 181 Emeritus Orlando Ciraco
Kathryn Clarke
185 Resigned at end of his term.John Eney was then appointed to the Water Control Commission.
Jacques DuBouchet sat on Water Control Commission only in 1980.
186 Robert Barrett resigned July 1, 1982.
142 143
i
SII
APPENDIX VI-continued APPENDIX VI-continued
i( Conservation Advisory Commission Conservation Advisory Commission
1985-continued
" 1987-continued
Jacques DuBouchet183
Elinor Fredston
183 Mazy Anne Johnson Emeritus
Robert Funicello Caroline Silverstone Town Council Liaison TOM
Geoffrey Young Trustee Liaison VOL
Robert Hohberg183 Staff
Robert Komitor
• 4, Robert Hohberg
Archie Messenger P.Thosmas Leddy
James Santos
i Claudia Ng
Mazy Anne Johnson Emeritus
I,'P�IjI Irma Volk EMC Liaison 1988
l' Robert I. Komitor Chair
1986
Charles Bernstein
Robert Komitor Chair VOM I �
VOL Suzanne Carpenter i
Gloria Allen
Charles Bernstein VOM Elinor Fredston
Suzanne Carpenter VOL Steven Goldstein
J Elinor Fredston Jane Moss Appraiser VOL
Robert Funicello VOM James Santos
Steven Goldstein VOM Irma Volk
Susan Amlicke Emeritus
'
James Santos Mary Anne Johnson Emeritus
Susan Amlicke Emeritus
Caroline Silverstone Town Council Liaison TOM
Mary Anne Johnson Emeritus i�hll l
"I Cheryl Lewy Trustee Liaison VOL
James Anderson Trustee Liaison VOL
I! Caroline Silverstone Town of Mamaroneck Liaison Beth Hofstetter Trustee Liaison VOM
Irma Volk Environmental Management Staff
Council Liaison Robert Hohberg
Staff P. Thosmas Leddy
Clifford Emanuelson Retired as Conservation Claudia Ng
IJiJ;I Consultant after 22 years
Robert Hohberg Water Monitoring Consultant 1989
P.Thomas Leddy Beautification Director Steven Goldstein Chair
Charles Bernstein
Claudia N Environmental Coordinator.
Ng Specialized Dentis VOM
Herbert Cahnan p try
III Susan Cavalieri Biochemist VOL
1987
Robert Komitor Chair Sandy Feldman Community Health Educator
VOL
Gloria Allen
Charles Bernstein
Douglas Gould Communication Consultant
VOM
Suzanne Carpenter Robert Komitor
Elinor Fredston Jane Moss
Robert Funicello
Steven Goldstein Attorney,Planner VOM Kevin Ryan Attorney VOL
James Santos Michael Scheffler Attorney TOM
Irma Volk Gladys Sherak Environmental Educator TOM
Susan Amlicke Emeritus
Irma Volk
Susan&Thomas Amlicke Emeriti
144
`` 145
Jj
II APPENDIX VI-continued APPENDIX VI-continued
„I Conservation Advisory Commission Conservation Advisory Commission
1994-continued
l'
iC
1989-continued
J', Mary Anne Johnson Emeritus Mary Anne Johnson Emeritus
Caroline Silverstone Town Council Liaison TOM Kathleen O'Flinn Town Council Liaison TOM
Trustee Liaison VOL Kenneth Bialo Trustee Liaison VOL
John Berry
Beth Hofstetter Trustee Liaison VOM Virginia Neumeister Trustee Liaison VOM
Staff Staff
Robert Hohberg Robert Hohberg
�l II P.Thosmas Leddy Eve Nudehnan
h 11 Claudia Ng
1996
1992-1993 Louise Perez Chair
ill Louise Perez Chair Martha Kaufman
�l Charles Bernstein Ruth Merson
�i Susan Cavalieri Frances Snedeker
Sandy Feldman
Martha Gershun
Edward Hindin
Martha Kaufman
VIII Mary Landrigan
Lee Leitner
.1 Martin Luskin
Ruth Merson
Maureen Nobile
SII Lynn Reichgott
Michael Sheffler
I Mary Anne Johnson Emeritus
Kathleen O'Flinn Town Council Liaison TOM
Trustee Liaison VOL
William McSherry
Judy O'Gorman Trustee Liaison VOL
Kate Weingarten Trustee Liaison VOM
Virginia Neumeister Trustee Liaison VOM
Staff
Robert Hohberg
P. Thosmas Leddy Retired 10/10/91
Claudia Ng Resigned May 1993
Eve Nudelman Environmental Coordinator
1994
Louise Perez Chair
Peter Beshar
Elizabeth Colleary
YI
Martha Kaufman
Ruth Merson
Stephen Scarangella
146
147
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APPENDIX IX
APPENDIX IX
I� Environmental Task Force 1970-1971 Environmental Task Force-continued
GENERAL CHAIRMAN- Dr.John R.Ragazzini
Town of Mamaroneck
William A. Bauman,M.D. Pediatrician&computer medicine expert TASK GROUP ASSIGNMENTS:
John R.Lamarsh,Ph.D. Nuclear science&Iengineering,Lf AIR POLLUTION
w John R.Ragazzini,Ph.D. Dean-School of Engineering&Science New York University James F. Eversole (convenor)
= Charles McDonald
George Symons,Ph.D. "Water&Wastes Engineering"editor Kenneth Wanderer
Alan Weeden Chairman Conservation Advisory Committee
COMMUNITY HEALTH&EDUCATION
Christine Helwig Supervisor Town of Mamaroneck
Dr.William Bauman (convenor)
` Lee Bloom Town Councilman liaison Dr.Mary Jane Kingkade
Dr.George E. Symons
LAND USE&CONSERVATION
Village of Mamaroneck
William B.Nimkin (convenor)
William G. Ball Daniel Natchez
Mrs.Erik Baznouw Philip Wood
James F.Eversole LEGAL&FINANCIAL RESOURCES
Mary Jane Kingkade,Ph.D. Chemist&educator Walter Faulkner (convenor)
Lee Bloom
Anthony Scolaro Anthony Scolaro
Philip Wood NOISE POLLUTION
Arthur C.Phillips,Jr. Mayor William G.Ball (convenor)
Daniel Natchez Trustee liaison Christine K.Helwig
IIT
John R.Lamazsh
SOLIDS DISPOSAL
l Villaize of Larchmont Ernest Taylor (convenor)
William Ellison(resigned) James Morris
George Muth
Faulkner
Attorney�L
Walter Y
Herbert Golden WATER POLLUTION
Frank P. Coughlan (convenor)
Charles McDonald Robert Arbib
Dorothy Barnou
w
�
George e Muth
y
g,II
Eileen Bassett
William B. Nimkin Lana Bell
Anthony Pergola
Sean Bell
Ernest H.Taylor Executive Vice President Life Underwriters' Association
Leo Goldsmith,Jr. Mayor
L Kenneth Wanderer Trustee liaison
151
., 150
,II,I
APPENDIX IX APPENDIX X187
Environmental Task Force-continued
OPEN SPACE: Town of Mamaroneck,Village of Larchmont,Village of Mamaroneck
WATER POLLUTION-continued A. CONSERVATION AREAS for whose maintenance CAC is responsible.
Juanita Carey Name or Description Total Area(Acres) Wetland Portion(acres)
a Gloria Ch4lif
CW--Coastal Wetland
John C. Dudley
IW=Inland Wetland
Lola Dudley
ownMona Dukess Sheldrake Conervation Area
William Hart
Sheldrake River Trails 24 71 IW
Charles Hessler
Alan Katzenstein Leatherstocking Trail
David Lund Northeast Wing 12 1.5 IW
Southwest Wing 18 4. 5 IW
Jane Marks
Old Mill Site 1
Daniel Natchez Hommocks Conservation Area 5 3 CW
Anthony Pergola Premium River Conservation Area 10 8 CW
Miriam Porter Revere Road Conservation Area 1
Elizabeth Sibley High School Outdoor Environmental Lab. 3.5
David Sleeper
�i Nancy Sterbenz
Straub Village of Mamaroneck
George
4
Rockland Flood Plain(Thruway Pocket) 2 1.5 IW 7
Dr. George Symons Warren Avenue Conservation Area 4
Matt Teku1 s
ky
Gerald V azley (Rye Neck)"'Guion Creek 6 3 CW
R e Neck
Alan Weeden Village of Larchmont
Emily Wood Reservoir189 12.76 3.00 IW
Philip Wood
Dora Jean Young Total Conservation Area Acreage..... 99.26 14. CW
John Zappala 17.5 IW
B.THE NATURE CONSERVANCY
Otter Creek(Rye Neck)188 30 30 CW
C.PRIVATE UNDEVELOPED LAND
Town of Mamaroneck
Marks property(Saxon Woods area) 40
East Creek(near Hommocks Marsh) 2 2 CW
I�
li
;I I!
187 CAC Annual Report 1974.
188 Outside Town limits,but maintained by CAC in cooperation with Village of Mamaroneck.
189 Property of Village of Larchmont located in Town of Mamaroneck.
1"
152 153
R . AL
I
APPENDIX X-continued
APPENDIX X-continued
OPEN SPACE: Town of Mamaroneck, Village of Larchmont,Village of Mamaroneck-continued
OPEN SPACE: Town of Mamaroneck, Village of Larchmont,Village of Mamaroneck-continued ;
Private Undeveloped Land-continued
Total Area(Acres) Wetland Portion(acres)
CW=Coastal Wetland F. OLD CEMETERIES
IW=Inland Wetland LOCATION SIZE
Village of Mamaroneck Town Palmer Ave. Blk 902 Parcel 540 119'x 187'
7 7 CW Palmer Cooper Lane Blk 217 Parcel 26 80'x 100'
Greacen Cove
Delancey Cove 2 2 CW Quaker Post Rd. and Beach Ave. Blk 613 Parcel 1 78'x 300'
Otter Creek(Rye Neck):Magid Property'18 30 30 CW Barker Post Rd. and Beach Ave. Blk 613 Parcel 9 89'x 65'
Total Private Undeveloped Land 81 41 CW
5 IW irreg.
D. PRIVATE GOLF COURSES Powell and Florence Adjacent to Senior H. S. Blk 911 Parcel 433 85'x 54' irreg.
Disbrow Rockland Avenue Blk 916 Parcel 432 68' x 37'
Bonnie Briar Holding Corp. 141.4
Winged Foot Holding Corp. 280.1 Delancey Palmer Avenue Blk 909 Parcel 355 100'x 102'
Hampsbire Country Club, Inc. 97.5
Richbell Rushmore Avenue Blk 922 Parcel 118 80'by 80'
Total Golf Courses 519 Gedney Mamaroneck Avenue Blk 820 Parcel 196 SE 175',SW 109'
E. PUBLIC PARKS NW 139',NE 137'
r
Westchester County
Saxon Woods Park(portion lying within the Town) 187.3
Town of Mamaroneck
Memorial park 9.5
jDuck Pond 4.5 Total area of Old Cemeteries is approximately 102,000 square feet or 2.34 acres.
Village of Mamaroneck
Total acreage of Open Space areas listed above is approximately 1,034.
Columbus Park 4
Harbor Island Park 42.1
Florence Park 8.2
Village of Larchmont
Flint Park 27
Kane Park 1.6
Manor Park(Private, open to public) 12.6
Pine Brook Park .75
Vanderburgh Park 1.7
Village Hall Park 1.5
Woodbine Park 1_5
�I Total Public Parks 302.25
ii
154
155
p �
7"I'm
APPENDIX XI APPENDIX XII
Plantings Town-wide Robert Hohberg Limnological Studies190
{March 1957- Stonewall Lane Association(letter from representative Mrs. Annette Feldman): each property Sheldrake River and Larchmont Reservoir Research
owner on Stonewall Lane would purchase and donate to the Town one tree if the Parks Department would
plant and maintain it. The Park Department Foreman and Superintendent of Highways recommended that the Larchmont Reservoir and Sheldrake River 1981-1992
donations be accepted by the Town Board. Phenol Analysis of Larchmont Reservoir 1981
1958-Budget expenditure from Shade Tree Fund for$500 for purchase and planting of shade trees along Downstream Analysis of Sheldrake River 1982
west side of Brookside Drive. In 1961, another eight trees were planted on Brookside Drive. Industrial Reaches of Sheldrake River 1986 and 1992
April 1959-Garden Club gave Town Of Mamaroneck a larch tree"to be planted on the north side of the Larchmont Reservoir 1989
station by the pool". League of Women Voters congratulates Board on obtaining County-owned lands Lower Reservoir to Gardens Lake 1990
adjacent to station for Town use.
June 1959-Park Commission report: completed replanting of two plots of ground at Weaver Street and Pine Brook and Premium River Research
t Myrtle Boulevard at the entrance to Larchmont Gardens. They also planned plantings at the Larchmont
Station and along the lake. The Thruway Authority had planned to landscape the entire route,but there were Premium Marsh 1980
no funds available and no promises for the future. The Garden Club of Larchmont contributed$1,000 to the Upstream Analysis of Pinebrook River 1983
Town for the station area plantings.
Premium, Pinebrook and Premium Marsh Waters 1993
April 6, 1960-Christine Helwig reported that Parks and Highway Department had completed plans for
plantings along New Harmon Drive and a section of Revere Road near the Thruway. By mid May,plantings
were completed in Memorial Park, Old Harmon Drive,New Harmon Drive and Revere Road. The Camp Fire Mamaroneck River
Girls requested and received permission to plant rose bushes along the Thruway fence on Harmon Drive to Mamaroneck River 1985
"b commemorate their 50'Jubilee.
Mamaroneck River 1994
Due to weather delays in the spring and the heavy planting schedule,the Parks Department postponed
plantings around Gardens Lake until the fall. At the October 5, 1960 meeting of the Town Board,it was
reported that the Park Commission would like the county to remove the bridge at the outlet falls and erect a East Creek
wall instead. This would permit removal of blacktop walks and"provide a larger space for planting which Downstream Analysis of East Creek 1984
would thus better serve to screen the Thruway".
East Creek Correcting Coliform Pollution 1988
Mrs. Helwig,liaison to the Park Commission, also reported on October 5, 1960 that they were recommending East Creek Correcting Coliform Pollution 1991
planting shade trees every 30 feet along the west side of Chatsworth Avenue and Myrtle Boulevard along the
Thruway fencing. "Due to the old building foundations and former roadbed underlying this ground",
planting would depend on conditions found when the Highway Department made tests to determine if
sufficient soil existed to support growth. It was noted at the April 5, 1961 Town Board meting that twenty
trees were planted on Myrtle Boulevard between Chatsworth Avenue and Madison Street along the Thruway
fence.
190 Source:Town of Mamaroneck Conservation Department Library.
' 157
156
APPENDIX XIII APPENDIX XIII-continued
L.I.F.E. -Members 1973-2000
L.I.F.E. -Members 1973-2000 Sheldrake Environmental Center Members(2001)
Sheldrake Environmental Center Members(2001)
Chen Byers 1970-71
Jack Adler 2001 Naturalist Louise Calman 1991
Patricia Adonetti 1974-76 P.T. Representative Central School, 1976-77 Ralph Candela 1987
P.T. Juanita Carey 1970-71 Board Member
Representative Hommocks Suzanne Carlin 2001 Naturalist
Susan Alcott 1977 Nancy Carlson 1991-93 Director of Naturalist Services
June Allen 1973-93 Naturalist Jane Caro 1997-99 P.T. Representative Central, 1995-2001
Susan Amlicke 1970-75 Board Member, 1976-78 Chairman, 1975
Naturalist
Karen Amrhein 2001 Naturalist Suzanne Carpenter 1977 1994-96 President, 1996-97 Secretary,
James Anderson 1983-84 Larchmont Village liaison
1998-99 Board of Directors
Mrs. Avy Dec. 74 Board Member Nick Caruso 1971
Bruce Baiter 1976-78 Board Member George Cato 2003 Naturalist
Julie Baiter 1976-78 Susan Cavalieri 1986-87 P.T. Representative Chatsworth, 1989 Vice
Judy Baker 1983-84 P.T. Council Liaison
President, 1990-2 Board of Directors,
Susan Barbuto 1994-96 P.T. Representative Chatsworth, 1996-97
1997
Central Kathy Cawley 1971
Susan Barrows 1977 Ave Christie 1994 Science Aide
David Bartash 1989 Jane Clarkson 1972
Suzanne Bartash 1989, 1998-99 Office Manager Margie Cohen 2001 Naturalist
Carol Bartsch 1971 Board Member Marian Comins 1977-78 Corresponding Secretary
Neil Basescu 1971 It Carl Cordes 1977-78 Attorney
Barbara Bauer 1975 P.T. Council Liaison Thelma Corvett 1994 Science Aide
George Bauer 1987 Sue Corning 1972
Joan Bauer 1987 Janice Cosgrove 1976
Alan J. Benet Family 1989 Walter Coupe 1970-71 Board Member, Chair Citizens for
Macky Bennett 1973- 83 Naturalist
Environmetal Quality
Jane Berger 1989, 1990-92 President, 1992-93 Board member
Jean D Angio 1976-78
Sandy Bernstein 1974-75 P.T. Liaison Hommocks Sigrid Davis 1988 winter-June 1991 Executive Director
Carol Berry 1978 President Janet Day 1991-99 Board of Directors
Joan Birnbaum 1974-75 Executive Director Linda Degenhardt 1990, 2001 Board Of Directors
Nancy Bishop 1989 Janet Demasi 1976-77 P.T. Representative Central School
Robert Bishop 1989 Ardith Dentzer 1975 Board Member
Leslie Blank 1983-84 Eileen Deutsch 1985
Alice Bloom 1987 September Executive Director Brigie Dickinson 1974-75 Board Member
Lee Bloom 2001 Chair Sheldrake Environmental Center Margaret Dooley 1974-75 Naturalist,
1975 P.T. Representative
Evelyn Bogner 1977 Chatsworth
Jenny Bowen 1977-78 Alison Lowy Dopsch 1996-97 Board of Directors, 1998-9 Co-President,
Dr. John Bradley 1976 Board Member, 1977-78 Chairman 2000- September 2003 President
Vivienne Brauman 1977 Jerry Dorfman 1986-87
Jane Brause 1977-78 Karen Dorfman 1986-87
Ruth Britt 1988-90 Dennis DuBrant 1970-71
Jessica Brown 1976-78 Board Member(Mamaroneck High School Dorothy Early 1974
Jane Buchanan
student) Joyce Edelstein 1983-84 P.T. Representative,1985-86
1972
I�
Bonnie Burdick 1977-78 Recording Secretary, 1980
• Edward Burdick 1976-78 Treasurer
i
I
158 159
� r^
APPENDIX XIII-continued APPENDIX XIII-continued
L.I.F.E. - Members 1973-2000 L.I.F.E. - Members 1973-2000
Sheldrake Environmental Center Members (2001) Sheldrake Environmental Center Members (2001)
Lois Edelstein 1977-78 Monika Gude 1994-97 P.T. Representative Mamaroneck. Avenue
Marjorie Edelstein 1991-2004 Naturalist School
Mary Anne Edler 1993-94 Naturalist Ann Gunsalus 1971
Mary Ehbrecht 1974 Dec. 1978 Board member Denise Gurney 1991-93 Board member and Naturalist
Sandra Elam 1989 Judy Gutmann 1970-71 Secretary
Joyce Eldring 1975 Board member, P.T. liaison Murray Avenue Ruth Gyure 1998-02 Board of Directors
School Margaret Ellen Hare
Andrew Ettelsen 1978 Hommocks student Myra Harris 1986-87 Vice President,Naturalist, P.T. Representative
Phyllis Evans 1976 Science Aide Chatsworth, Winter 1987-Summer 1990
Diane Fajan 1977 President, 1991-92 Board member
John Farris 1987 Nancy Hartford 1976-78 Executive Director
Martha Farris 1987 Dennis Hellman 1987
Kathleen Feinsot 1976 P.T. Representative Diana Hellman 1987
Mary Feldtmose 1996-97 Treasurer, 1998 Board Member Patty Herbst 1976 Science Aide
Fran Fisher 1986 Anne Herman 1986-87 Board member, 1994-5 P.T. Representative
Judy Flaxman 1983-87 Mamaroneck. High School
Margaret Ford 1970-71 Karen Hershberg 1989
Suzanne Frank 1998-9, 2001-2002 Executive Director, 2003-04 Treasurer Suzanne Herz 1989
Maxine Frankenfelder 1971, 1974-78 Board member, 1978-79 Naturalist It Barbara Hicks 1976-78 Naturalist
Elinor Fredston 1971-74 Board member, 1975-79 Ed Hindin 1990-92 Board member
Ellen Freeman 1985 Rosemarie Hirshey 1978
Gary Freidman 1995-96 Board of Directors Anne Hockman 1971
Shirley Fried 1983-84 Board member Betty Hogg 1971-73 Science Conservation Aide
Gail Friedman 1989 Dorothy Holden 1987
Karen Friedman 1987 Naturalist Sheila Homsy 1990, 1991-3 Board Member, 1994-96 P.T. Representative
Stuart Friedman 1989 Central School
Alan Fuchsberg 1989 Vicki Horowitz 1983-88 Board member, 1987-Vice President
Robin Fuchsberg 1989 Arlene Howard 1986-87
Ann S. Gabor 1973-75 Board member Leslie Hughes 1997-9 Secretary,Naturalist
Julie Gale 1987 Celia Iantorno 1975, 1976-78 P.T. Representative Mamaroneck High School
Peter Gale 1987 Taro Ietaka 2003 Naturalist
Carolyn Gallaher 1977-78, 1983-84 Secretary, 1986-88 Pegi Jackson
Eileen Gallarello 1983-84 P.T. Representative Luann Jacobs 1998-99 P.T. Representative Hommocks School
Jenny Geer 2003 Naturalist Betsy Jacobson 1987
Merrill Gisondo 2003 Naturalist Kenneth Jacobson 1987
Mary Gillick 1980, 1992-98 Naturalist, 1995-98 Office Manager Susie Jaeger
Peter Goldberger 2001 Vice President Judy Jiuliano 1977
Herbert Golden 1970-1 Vice Chair Mary Anne Johnson 1965, 1970-98 Board Member,Vice Chair 1976-78,
Leona Goldfarb 1986-7 P.T. Representative Central Naturalist 1965-93
Terry Grant 1970-1 Board member Susan Jung 1986-87
Debbie Greisman 1976 Jeanne Kaneshiro 2003 Naturalist
Marcia Gross 1986-7 P.T. Representative Murray Darlene Kanter
Abby Gruen 1998-9 P.T. Representative Chatsworth Avenue School Sara Katsannis 1977-79
161
160
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APPENDIX XIII-continued APPENDIX XIII-continued
L.I.F.E. - Members 1973-2000
L.I.F.E. - Members 1973-2000 Sheldrake Environmental Center Members (2001)
Sheldrake Environmental Center Members (2001)
Suzanna Livingston 1974-78 Naturalist
Martha Kaufman 1988 June 1991-95 Executive Director, 1988-94, Jackie Lorieo 1983-84 P.T. Representative, 2001 Board of Directors
'* Naturalist
Lawrence Lowy 1970-mid `73 First Chair L.I.F.E., 1976-78 Board member
F
N. Joan Kelly 1975 Naturalist, 1976 Board member
Arthur Kennish 1987 Ruth Lowy 2001 Board of Directors
Martin Luskin 1989 1991-92 Board member
Fran Kennish 1987 Al Luther 1977-87
Judith Kenny 1989 Kay Luther 1974-78 Naturalist
Emily Kidder 1987
Jeanne Kiernan 1974-75 Board member, Secretary 1976-78 Bruce MacDonald 1971
Joan Macfarlane 1986-87 Board member, 1988
Aline King 1971
• Marie Mackey 1971 (October) Secretary
Berta Kinzly 1976-78 Board Member and Naturalist, 1983-84 Vice
President, 1986-87 Larchmont Reservoir Jennifer MacLeod 1983-84 Naturalist Training
liaison, 1990 Board member Vilma Mambrino 1976 Science Aide
Ann Kirkham 1987 Bunny Mandeville 1970-71
Vilma Manheim 1976
Bea Klar 1983-87 Treasurer
Roberta Margolis 1974
Carol Klausner 1971
Jane Marion 1992
James Klein 1989
Benita Marks 1989
Pat Klein 1989 Theodore Marks 1989
Jan Kliger 1992-94 Board member and Naturalist Paul Marraffino 1986-87 Assistant Treasurer, 1990 Board member
Gail Koller 2001 Naturalist Sandra Marraffino 1983 1986-87 Naturalist Coordinator, 1988-97 Board
Mimi Koren 2001 Board of Directors member and Naturalist
Laurie Korngold 1991-94 Naturalist, 1990-92 Board member Jill Martin 1994-95 P.T. Representative Murray Avenue School
Wendy Kreeger 1982 Robert Martin 2003-05 Executive Director
Robin Kriesberg 1994-98 Naturalist; 1995-96 Director, 1997-99 Executive
Director, 2001-04 Vice President Alan Mason 2001 Board of Directors
Lucile Masters
Gisela Kronenberg 1995-2001 Board of Directors
Carol Matcovsky 1977
Mary Anne Lanza 1994 Science Aide Marie McIntyre 1993-95 Secretary,1996-99 Computer volunteer
i John Latona 1989
Susan McKenna 1987
Patricia Latona 1989 Carolyn McMichael 1976 Board member
Debra Lazarus 2001-05 Office Manager, 2003 Naturalist Margaret Merigliano 2001 Secretary Board of Directors, Naturalist
Gayle Lee 1973 Vice Chairman
Mike Merigliano 2001 Naturalist
Selena Lee 1994 Naturalist
Ruth Merson 1974
Yoland Leggette 1988, 1992-2004 Naturalist
Alice Miller 1995-98 Naturalist
Elisabeth Lehman 1970, 1991-99 Board member
Maryann Leitner 1986 Naturalist 1990-99, Board member, 1990-92,1994-96 NaMisuhashi 1987
Naoko
Misuhashi 1987
Co-Treasurer
- d member 1990-93 1994-96 Co- Steven Mitsch 2001 Board of Directors
Pinky Leitner 1986 Naturalist 1992-97, Boar Alan Model 1974-76 Board member, 1977-78
Treasurer Alice Model 1996-2002 Membership Chairman, Newsletter Editor
Marilyn Leleiko 1986-87 Board member
Kate Moody 1974(December) Board member
Cheryl Lewy 1989
Susan Morison 1973 Treasurer
Glen Lewy 1989 Jane Moss 1984 summer-1987 Director, fall 1987 Board member
Mary Lisa 1983-84 Board member
Carol Muller 1987
David Lissy 1987 Nancy Munno 1982-83 Naturalist, 1983-97 Board member
I
Maggie Lissy 1987
162 163
l;i ,
APPENDIX XIII-continued APPENDIX XIII-continued
L.I.F.E. - Members 1973-2000 L.I.F.E. - Members 1973-2000
Sheldrake Environmental Center Members (2001) Sheldrake Environmental Center Members (2001)
Martha(Mardi)Munzer 1965-78 Board member1970-76) Judy Ross 1987
David Naar 1991-93 Naturalist Thomas Ross 1987
Vicki Nathan 1987 Dorothy Rossman 1993-95 Office Manager
Mrs. James Netter 1971 Board member Margaret Roush 1983-84 President
Beverly Neufeld 1987 Linda Rurak 1994 Naturalist
David Neufeld 1987 Irene Saltzburg 1987-1994 Naturalist, 1991-94 Board member
ewton 1988-90 Mary Ann Sann 1976 Board member
Caroline N
Claudia N 1993-95 Member at large Kathy Savolt 2001 Board of Directors,Naturalist
Pam Noe 1975-76 Board member, 1977-78 Vice Chairman Joan Scheuer 1974 (Oct.) Co-Chair Board of Directors, 1975-76 Board
member, 1978
Jennifer Noto 1987
Martha Schirmer 1971 (Oct.)-73 Executive Director, 1974-75 Board member,
Paul Noto 1987
1976-83 Secretary-Librarian
Jane Obermeir 1986-87 P.T. Representative Hommocks
Kathy O'Fkinn 1990-96 Board of Directors Carol Schork 1974 Naturalist, 1975-76 Science Aide, Board ,
member
Sally O'Rourke 1976 Science Aide
Marie Owens 1973-88, 1991 Board member Diane Schreiber 1989
Georgia Pampel 1972 Martin Schreiber 1989
Helen Patton 1978 9 Joanne Schriver 1981-02 1990-99 Board of Directors, 1992-93 President
Louise Perez 1996-99 P.T. Representative French-American School Philip Schriver 1983-02 2001 Board of Directors
Jean Peron 1977 1996-99 Board of Directors Phyllis Schwartz
Susan Pierce 1991-92 Naturalist Trudy Schwartz 1977
Laurie Braun Pincus 1995-99 Board of Directors, 1995-96 Secretary, 1995-98 Iris Scopp 1990 Board member
i P.T. Representative Murray Avenue School Carol Seltzer 1989
Cindy Polera 2001-04 Naturalist Richard Seltzer 1989
Nancy Polland 1976 Board member William Seltzer 1989
Postel 1989 Laurie Serlin 1992-94 Naturalist, 1994-96 Vice President and P.T.
Elizabeth P 1986-87 Representative Chatsworth Avenue School
Frances Pugatch Postel
Edmund"Ned"Purves 1972-73, Oct.1974 Co-Chair Board of Directors, 1975-78 Board Stella Sheib 1989
member Joseph Shein 1978
Dorothy Rainier 1983-2004 Naturalist,1991- 2001 Board of Directors, Gladys Sherak 1983-88 Naturalist
President 1985- summer 87,P.T. Council Carol Shork 1975 Board member
liaison Eve Silver 1996-98 Board of Directors, 1998-99 Co-President
Abbe Rand 1994-99 Board of Directors Diane Silverman 1989
Anna Reisman 1989 Paul Silverman 1989
Philip Reisman 1989 Caroline Silverstone 1994-95 Member at Large
Jim Renckens 1971 Byrne Sleeper 1996-99 P.T. Representative Sts.John &Paul School
Mrs. Richard Renson 1989 Jack Slyper 1985
9
Anne Mieke Smeets 1995-96 P.T. Representative Sts. Jo
Nicholas Rey 1976 Treasurer
hn&Paul School
Margie Richards 1986-87 1994-95 Board of Directors Eleanor Smith 1976-78
`I Melanie Riggs 1993.98 Naturalist Fran Snedeker 1995-96 P.T. Representative Mamaroneck High School
Barbara Rittenberg 1976 77 P.T. Representative Chatsworth, 1983-84 P.T. Maria Stanton 1996-98
Representative Lee Starr 1977-78
Elizabeth Stern 1975-78 P.T. Representative Mamaroneck Avenue
Jill Robertson 1996-98 P.T. Representative Hommocks School
School, 1973-80 Executive Director,
Rachel Rosenbaum 1976
1981-1984
i
164 165
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APPENDIX XIII-continued APPENDIX XIII-continued
L.I.F.E. - Members 1973-2000 L.I.F.E. - Members 1973-2000
Sheldrake Environmental Center Members (2001) Sheldrake Environmental Center Members (2001)
`Virginia"Ginger" Stevenson 1985 1986-87 Secretary, 1990 Naturalist, 1991- 98
Board member, 1998-99 P.T. Paula Willey 1972
Representative Donna Williams 1994 Science Aide
Mamaroneck Avenue School, 1994-96 P.T. Marietta Williams 1973-74 Director, 1975-76 Board member
Representative Hommocks School Hilda Wilson 1989
Stiffle Family 1989 Leo Wilson 1989
Margaret(Margie) Strauss 1975-77 Executive Director, 1978-98 Board member Nancy Winkelstein 1998-99 P.T. Representative Chatsworth Avenue School
Pat Sternberg 1972 Phyllis Wittner 1994 1994-99 Board of Directors
Maryll Strickland Murray Wittner 1993-94 Board Member
Sandy Strum 1976-77 P.T. Representative Murray Avenue School Allan Wolkoff 1987
Donna Stuurop 1983-84 P.T. Representative Claire Wolkoff 1987
Sue Svoboda 1986 Betty Wong 1987 1994-99 Board.of Directors
Renee Swort 1971 1974-78 Board member, 1973-78-Liaison to Gail Worth 1972
Larchmont-Mamaroneck Film Council D.J. Young 1977-78
Herrick J. Young 1974
Mary Ann Tarantino 1977
Judith Taylor 1976 Board member Toby Young 1973 1974-77 Naturalist
Mrs Arthur Tebbens 1971 Treasurer, 1974 Board member Ronnie Zackman 1983-84
Mrs. Francis Tellier 1971, Joseph Zelvin 2001 Board of Directors, 1995-96 President
Dona Thomas 1975-78 Board member
Virginia Zingesser 1975
Laura Thorn 1989-90
Ellen Tohn 1976
Helen Trencher
Pat Tripoli 1977-78
Margaret Troy 1977
Linnet Tse 2001 Naturalist
Audrey Varley 1976-77 Naturalist
June Vasquez 1977-78 Board member, liaison to League of Women
Voters
Marie Venezia 2001 Treasurer
Penny Vestner 1976 Naturalist
Phillipa Wharton 1997-98 PT Representative Chatsworth Avenue School
Irma Volk 1971 1974-76 Board member, 1976-02 Naturalist,
1986-87 Audubon liaison
Shelley Volk 1991-02 Naturalist
Catherine Wachs 1998-99 Board of Directors and P.T. Representative
Murray Avenue School, 2001-04 Naturalist
Mildred Warnecke 1971-74 Larchmont-Mamaroneck Nature Council
Conservation Aide; 1976-86 Naturalist
Jeff Warner 1986 Liaison from Friends of Reservoir
Beatrice Weinberger 2001-04 Naturalist
Kate Weingarten 1987
Seymour Weingarten 1987
Margaret Wiener 2001-02 Board of Directors
Teresa Will 1976 Science Aide
r 166 167
APPENDIX XIV APPENDIX XV
i'
LIFE Center Newspaper Articles Recycling Poster Contest Winners
The Daily Times
Name School Grade Award
1965 June 29 Junior Naturalist Corps
August 5 Junior Naturalist Corps James Watson Central 1s`- 3`d ls`place
August 24 Junior Naturalist Corps Pamela Fox 2"d place
1970 October 14 Junior League and Beginning of L.I.F.E. Lauren McQuade 4`''- 6`h V place
October 29 Junior League and Beginning of L.I.F.E. William Vallar 2nd place
November 5 Junior League and Beginning of L.I.F.E. Noah Barrett,Michele Fligel, Honorable Mention
November 16 Junior League and Beginning of L.I.F.E. Jaime Lischke,Tim Lischke
1972 September 15 L.I.F.E. and Newcomers
November 20 L.I.F.E. establishes Christine Helwig Scholarship
December 13 L.I.F.E. requests funds for school programs Lisa McAndrews Chatsworth Ave. Is`- 3`d 1s`place
1973 August 15 Library exhibit Adam Aron 2 n place
September 20 A Walk in the Woods Emily Wilheim 4`h- 6 th ls`place
November 11 Youths work for cleaner town Valerie Mandel 2 n place
1974 January 12 $1,000 L.I.F.E. grant Alia Menezes Honorable Mention
April 19 Beautification Day
April 22 170 clear S tons of debris
August 8 Mini-bike ban proposed Jennifer DiMaggio Mamaroneck Ave. 3`d-4 ls`place
October 8 Hommocks Marshlands Karla Romanek 2"d place
Walk in the Woods Anthony Vitti 5`h-6`'' ls`place
Undated L.I.F.E. sponsors crafts Peter Farah 2nd place
October 9 L.I.F.E. granted funding Ikkuko Iguchi,Lisa Betker, Honorable Mention
1975 March 20 Clean Fun! Eagle Scout project Daniela Fiorino,Michelle
April 17 Youth gears for cleanup day Brigante,Tala Nasra,
7 tons of debris cleared Elisabeth Farah
Planting joins cleanup
East Creek Clean-Up Crew
1976 Undated It shouldn't multiply Nicole Gunther Murray Ave ls`- 3`d ls`place
1979 April 11 L.I.F.E. program draws praise Courtney Skelton 2"d place
December 17 Year of the coast Scott Grusby 4`''-6 th 1s`place
1980 December 2 L.I.F.E. bills tour Leslie Halperin 2nd place
Undated Project Clean Sweep Julie Kalos,Erin Campbell Honorable Mention
Sound View News
1992 April 3 Keep Larchmont Beautiful and Clean
E
K
168
169
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APPENDIX XVI APPENDIX XVII
Winners of Terrarium Contest Beautification Day Schedule
April 12, 1980
Elementary Schools:
Desert Landscape 1S`prize Glen Hazelwood(Central) Town of Mamaroneck
2nd Beth Reilly and Andrea Crisouolo(Central) Area Chairman-Mary Jane Obermeier and Nancy Osborne
3rd Ricky Vetere(Central)
Honorable Mention: Clean-Up Areas:
Tiny Arroy,Mary Haggerty, and Sheldrake Conservation Area-Rockland Avenue Sts. John and Paul Boy Scout Troop 5.
Dawn McAndrews(Central) Leatherstocking Trails-Weaver Street to Highland Ave. Neighborhood group led by Evelyn Noving and
and Brownie Troop 260.
Leatherstocking Trails to New Rochelle Brownie Troop 277 and Junior Troop 259.
Tropical Garden 1S`prize Will Sterbenz (Murray Avenue) Leatherstocking Trails to Fenimore Road-Avon and Brownie Troop 263.
2nd Linda Marie Baal(Chatsworth Avenue) Winged Foot Roads
3rd Matthew Fosella(Central) Leatherstocking Trails,Fenimore to White Plains Rd. Sts. John and Paul Teen Club.
Honorable Mention: Larchmont Reservoir-below dam Campfire Girls.
Steven Grossman,Beth Reilly,Lise Bruder, Shuhei Laurel Avenue Lot-Corner of Weaver Street and Brownie Troop 248.
Takehara, Lori Laverty,Tom Gisin, Laurel Avenue
Robert Schwartzberg,Meredith Halpern, Palmer Cemetery-Cooper Lane behind Sts. John Girl Scout Junior Troop 244.
Dawn McAndrews,Robert Potrafke, &Paul
Katie Dunsmuir,John Daly,Dena Pipia(Central) Hommocks Conservation Area- woods and meadow Mamaroneck Boy Scout Troop 5.
Eileen Victory (Holy Trinity) behind the playing field.
George McGee (Saints John and Paul)
Sheldrake River and"Duck Pond" Murray Avenue Boy Scout Pack 4.
Sheldrake River Girl Scout Junior Troop 249.
Hommocks School: Town Recycling Center Murray Avenue 5d'grade class led by
Desert Landscape I"prize Maura WintersTeacher Hy Papierman.
2nd Jimmy Castellano Murray Avenue School-L.I.F.E. Representative Parents and students.
3rd Smitty Smith Central School Area Mamaroneck Cub Pack 5.
Honorable Mention: Maura Winters Path near Finast Super Market(now Stop and Shop) Brownie Troop 251.
Help with collection trucks Boy Scout Troop 4.
Tropical Garden 1S`prize Suzy Geller Village of Larchmont
2nd Celeste Pasqua Area Chairman-Joan Shaw
3rd Maura Winters
Honorable Mention: Beth Brown Clean-Up Areas:
-End of Woodbine Ave. St. John's Episcopal Junior Teen Grou
Premium Conservation Area .P
Premium Conservation Area-Behind Post Rd. Diner St. John's Episcopal Senior Teen Group.
Adult: 1
st prize Tess Will and Vilma Mambrino Premium Conservation Area-Dillon Road (Not legible).
2 Eileen Mason
nd Premium Conservation Area-Lorenzen St. around Brownie Troop
243.
j 3rd Betty Hogg and behind park
Red Bridge Tidal Area and Pryer Manor Road Larchmont Cub Scout Pack 3.
Dog Beach-end of Beach Avenue Brownie Troop 268.
Quaker and Barker Cemeteries Brownie Troop 242.
Judges were: Charles M. Fitch, L.I.F.E. Naturalist Virginia Zingesser and Mary McGee of the East Creek behind Post Road auto dealerships and Mamaroneck High School EnvironmentalHommocks Parking Lot Studies class.
Larchmont Garden Club.
Vanderburgh Park Neighborhood group led by Jane Keane.
Pine Brook Park Pine Brook Association and neighbors.
Chatsworth School-L.I.F.E. representative Classes will clean-up,plant and recycle.
171
170
APPENDIX XVIII
APPENDIX XVII-continued
Coastal Zone Management Committee & Commission Members
Beautification Day Schedule
April 12, 1980 Coastal Zone Management Committee
Village of Mamaroneck 1982
Area Chairman-Louise Calman Co-Chairmen: Wallace Irwin,Jr. (Village of Larachmont)
Shirley Tolley (Town of Mamaroneck)
Clean-Up Areas:
Subcommittee Chairs:
Guion Creek Conservation Area Campfire Girls. Elinor Fredston
Rockland Conservation Area-Rockland Ave. at Mamaroneck Boy Scout Troop 1. Mary Ann Johnson
Thruway bridge = _
Gedney Cemetery-Mamaroneck Avenue Girl Scout Junior Troop 147. Lawrence Lowy `
Disbrow Cemetery-off Rockland near Post Rd. Girl Scout Junior Troop 13 1. C. Alan Mason
Delancy Cemetery-off Palmer Avenue Brownie Troop 143. Howard McMichael,Jr.
Rushmore Cemetery- Statue of John Richbell Girl Scout Junior Troop 13 1.
near boatyards
Barry Avenue Cemetery-behind Rye Neck Brownie Troop 163. Members:
Elementary School Bruce Allen
Phillips Park-Mamaroneck River upper area Boy Scout Pack 3.
near Ward Avenue June Allen
Warren Avenue Conservation Area-along Boy Scout Pack 9. Albert Blumenthal
Thruway off Arlington
Florence Park Brownie Troop 153;Girl Scout Pack 2. Alex Buchman
O'Connell Park Boy Scout Troop 2. Joseph Dorsey
Mamaroneck School-L.I.F.E. representative
Nature projects St. Vito's Girl Scout Troops 142 and 166. William Eipel
Library and Emelin Theatre Mamaroneck Garden Club plantings. Gary Hirschberg
Arthur Katz
James Killilea
James Lotto
Paul Miller
Elaine Price
Edward Riley
Abe Rosenfield
j Robert Schoenberger
Joseph Vandernoot
Robert E. White
Leo Wilson
i
172
r 173
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APPENDIX XVIII-continued
APPENDIX XVIII-continued
Coastal Zone Management Commission
Coastal Zone Management Commission
Liaisons:
Members: Town Councilmen &Women
Bruce Allen September 1986-March 19901988
Lilian Andrews January 1993,Co-Chair October 1995- September 2000,member to Lawrence Lerman 1986- December Elaine Price January 1988- 19911
September 2005
!, Kathleen O'Flinn October 1992- September 1993
William Bailey,Ph.D. October 1995- September 2001
I, Madelaine Berg August 1995,Chair October 2000-September 2002, member to August 2007 Barry Weprin October 1994- September 1995
Dickson Brown March 2001- September 2007 Phyllis Wittner October 1995 to date
Frank Buddingh May 2000- August 2003 Village of Larchmont Trustees
Richard Coico, Ph.D. February 1990- August 1995
Elizabeth Cooney March 2000, Chair December 2005- August 2007 Geoffrey Young 1987- March 1988
Katherine Dehais March 2001- March 2004 Cheryl Lewy April 1988- April 1992
John Feingold January 2002- September 2007 William McSherry April 1992- September 1993
Mary Feldtmose November 1989- June 1993 Kenneth Bialo October 1994- September 1996,
Elinor Fredston September 1986- September 1994
Marc Godick September 1997- September 2009, Chairman October 2002-2005 October 1998- September 1999
Ned Benton October 1997- September 1998
Ruth Gyure March 1996- August 1999
Anne McAndrews October 2000- September 2001
Wallace Irwin, Jr. September 1986- September 1988
Mary Anne Johnson September 1986- September 1989 Chris Verni October 2001- September 2002
t: Marlene Kolbert October 2002 to May 2007
Bernard Kaplan August 1997- August 2004
Arthur Katz September 1986- September 1987 Staff Aides:
Martha Kaufman March 1996- August 1998 Environmental Coordinator
Paul Kean 1987- 1988
Lucien Leone November 1988-July 1989 Claudia Ng 1986-93
Lawrence Lowy September 1986- September 1992 Eve Nudelman Bocca October 1993-March 1997
Angel Martin December 1990, Deputy Chair October 1991-September 1992,
Chairman October 1992-September 1993 James Athey June 1997- January 2000
C. Alan Mason August 1986- August 2002 Elizabeth Paul March 2001 to date
Frank McGahan September 1993- September 1997
Howard McMichael Jr. August 1986- August 2002
Richard Metzner June 1990- September 1997
Robert S. Schoenberger- September 1986-August 1988, Chairman; member until August 1990
Nancy Seligson September 1994, Co-Chair October 1995- September 2000
Nancy Sterbenz August 1993-August 1995
Shirley Tolley August 1986- August 1998
Richard Ward October 1992- September 1999
Eileen Weingarten September 1997- September 2002
Phyllis Witmer September1986, Chairman September 198 8-August 1992, member until
• December 1995
Richard Young February1988- May 1995
175
174
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APPENDIX XIX APPENDIX XIX-continued
fl
1 CZMC-Highlights of Implementing Actions Through The Years CZMC- Highlights of Implementing Actions Through The Years
• East Creek above ground declared a Critical Environmental Area by the Town of Mamaroneck Advisory Opinions and Recommendations-continued
and Village of Larchmont.'
• LWRP Consistency Review Training Workshop.' Town of Mamaroneck Board
LWRP Update(Amendment)4,5,6,7 Litter law.'
• Premium Feasibility Study-Planning for the restoration and protection of a portion of the Premium River- Master Plan Update-Phases I and 11.2 Consistency Review Draft Environmental Impact
• Pine Brook Wetlands Complex with the aid of a$25,000 grant from New York State. Grant period from Statement(DEIS).'
April 1, 1987 to June 1, 1988.1•2 Reservoir-Sheldrake-Leatherstocking Critical Environmental Area.
6
Northeast Coastal Areas Study:Significant Coastal Habitats of Southern New England and Portions of y Revision of Town Flood Insurance Mapt,zs and passage of Flood Damage Prevention Law4
• Rezoning of Rock Ridge Road.
z,s
Long Island,NIi6
• Premium River/Pine Brook Wetlands Complex designated by the New York State Department of State on Sewer Pollution-Correction of infiltration and inflow problems.'
November 15, 1988, a"Significant Fish and Wildlife Habitat thereby adding Policy 7 to the list of Town Environmental Quality Review Law (MEQR).s,a
s,6 Urban Renewal Plan for Post Road/Weaver Street Generic DEIS-Consistency Review.'
applicable coastal policies
• Premium River Restoration grant from the Clean Water Bond Act(NYS Department of Environmental
Conservation)awarded$618,965 in 1990 to restore tidal circulation to the Premium River and marsh Town of Mamaroneck and Village of Larchmont Boards
!' SyStem.2„5,6,7
• Premium Conservation Area Entranceway grant from the National Small Business Administration to Automation of Larchmont Reservoir Release Valve. (New automated valve designed by
create and maintain a suitable entrance way to the Premium Conservation Area with additional funds Dr. C. Alan Mason placed in the Sheldrake Lake dam to control water level during peak rain
donated by citizens' groups.63 periods.'•Zs,a
• Spring nesting and breeding bird surveys(Premium area)conducted by consultant naturalist 6°7 Coastal Erosion Hazard Area Maps?'
forac
complete discussion of the above Premium projects.) Davids Island and impact on Larchmont-Mamaroneck area.''
s Chapter
-Pine
Brook WetlandP
i m River
(See Premium '2,4
East Creek,protection and restoration.
Advisory Opinions and Recommendations Erosion,Sediment Control and Surface Water legislation.'•2,s,4,5,6,7
Reservoir water quality.2,a
Larchmont Board of Trustees Sewers: Infiltration and inflow program.1,2
Storm Drain Stenciling 4,s
Harbor security' and the Bay Constable Program.23 Trash traps-Premium River and Hommocks Conservation Area.3,4,6,7
Historic preservation.',4 Waterfront zoning(adopted by the Town).'
Leaf disposal and composting.2,3,4
Lorenzen Park Master Plans Advisory Opinions and Participation with Other Municipalities and Groups
Retention of a small north-south strip of land situated in New Rochelle on the west side of Pine
Brook Boulevard just south of Stratton Road.' Boater education.a
jll!i State Environmental Quality Review Act revisions 4 Long Island Sound Study.'
Waterfront zoning',Waterfront Land Use Plan.s,a,s Mamaroneck Village-
Zoning Amendments-Consistency Review.' Harbor Study by Environmental Protection Agency-Consistency Review.'
i National Audubon-Listen to the Sound forum.a
III! Town of Mamaroneck Board New Rochelle-
Davids Island.1,1,3,4,5
Army Corps of Engineers Flume Project.1,4,1 Transfer station,leaf disposal site and City Yard.S
Freshwater Wetlands Mapping.
6,7 Weaver Street Corridor Project.'
�. Gardens Lake dredge spoil disposal.',',' New York State-
Golf Course Areas-Study of land use regulations and developmental impacts-Conservation Department of State-Coastal Management Program review s
Recreation District.2,4,5,6,7 Governor's Task Force on Coastal Resources.'
177
176
7r MOM"
APPENDIX XIX-continued APPENDIX XX
CZMC- Highlights of Implementing Actions Through The Years
Hommocks Lands Committee
Advisory Opinions and Recommendations with Other Municipalities and Groups-continued
August 1959
New York State-continued
Long Island Sound Regional Coastal Management Program.' Mr. Hardesty, Chair
Rye City- Councilman Santoro, Liaison
Jay Property.3 a
t Scarsdale- 1964-1965
Quaker Ridge Golf Club.'
Weaver Street Corridor Project. Unincorporated Area
Winston Family Property.2,3
Westchester County- Hayden Smith, Chair President Larchmont Hills Civic Association
County Critical Environmental Areas.3,4 Albert Lesser President Hommocks Property Owners Association
County Executive's Citizens Committee Report.' William G. Massey,Jr. Realtor- Houghton Associates
Soil and Water Conservation District.5
Westchester Land Trust- Village of Larchmont
Discussion Sheldrake River Watershed.b
Martin Quigley,Jr.
Footnotes
Eric Singleton
`. First Annual Report September 1986- September 1987 Village of Mamaroneck
2. Second Annual Report October 1987- September 1988
Harold Kurtz
3. Third Annual Report October 1988- September 1989 William Walter
4. Fourth Annual Report October 1989- September 1990 Board of Education
s. Fifth Annual Report October 1990- September 1991
David Eggers
b. Sixth Annual Report October 1991- September 1992
John Herz
' Seventh Annual Report October 1992- September 1993
a. Ninth Annual Report October 1994- September 1995
Open Space Action Committee
9. Tenth Annual Report October 1995- September 1996
Richard Pough, Chair Naturalist
10. Eleventh Annual Report October 1996- September 1997 Clifford Emanuelson Field Director
Twelfth Annual Report October 2002- September 2003
With a summary of October 1997- September 2002
12. Thirteenth Annual Report October 2003- September 2004
SII
178 179
I
i
APPENDIX XXI APPENDIX XXII
Premium River Coordinating Committee Master Plan Committee Premium River Properties- 1967
1966 (February 17)
Officials
Premium-Pryer Association of Larchmont Town of Mamaroneck
Elliott Caplin 6 Pryer Lane Supervisor Peter F. Kane
Mrs.James G.Johnson,Jr. 17 Pryer Lane Councilmen Vitalis L. Chalif
Mrs.William P.McEneaney 4 Beach Avenue Raymond P. Faiola
Christine K. H
Mrs. Raymond T. O'Connell 62 Woodbine Avenue ine
Robert E. White 7 Guion Lane Anthony Quadrine
Superintendent of Recreation James Kronenberger
Pryer Manor Association
Village of Larchmont
LeSueur G. Smith,Jr. 19 Dogwood Lane
Richard J.Ward 23 Dogwood Lane Mayor Leo Goldsmith,Jr.
Trustees John B. Forrest
Eugene C. Merkert
Edmund S. Purves
Woodbine Park Association
Kenneth H. Wanderer
Hans E. Hopf 49 Oak Avenue Chair Parks and Recreation Mrs.F. Warren
Mr. And Mrs. Lawrence Lowy 70 Chestnut Avenue
Raymond nd V.Nelson,Jr.
67 Chestnut Avenue
Saul Scheidlinger
125 Woodbine Avenue Mamaroneck Village
James A. Scully 50 Oak Avenue
Mayor Arthur C. Phillips,Jr.
Trustees William C. Fitts,Jr.
Charles W.Newmark
Armand Schwab
Harry J.Westfall
Superintendent of Parks and Recreation Joseph Clarke
Mamaroneck School District
Trustees Jesse Silberstein,President
Donald Chapin
David B. Chisholm
Mrs. Charles A. Hogan
George C. Johnson
Mrs. Richard Scheuer
Superintendent Dr. Bernard F. Haake
180 181
i
i
APPENDIX XXII-continued APPENDIX XXIII
Master Plan Committee Premium River Properties- 1967-continued Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association Members
Study Committee Fran&Frank Adamo
Bruce &June Allen
Town of Mamaroneck Linda Allenson
Nan Ashton191
Claude&Joe Audi
Dr. Sabert Baseseu
�t Councilman Christine K. Helwig Rheta Bank
James W. Kronenber ger Judy&Lester Bardack
Howard G. Sloane Gerald&Tamara Baum
Bernard&Ronnie Birnbaum
Hayden W. Smith
Everett& Shirley Bovard
John Stahr
Alan St Weeden Debby Brower&Loehr Family
Jacqueline Bruskin
Alex&Arlette Buchman
Villa e of Larchmont Bruce Campbell
g Randle& Suzanne Carpenter191
James Caspi
Trustee John B. Forrest
Mrs. F.W. Green Jesse & Shari Cedarbaum
Lawrence Lowy Tina&Walter Chudson'91
Barbara&Bert Cohn
Lisa&Richard Coico
John Creedon
Village of Mamaroneck
Louis'&Paula Del Guercio
Joseph Clarke Carmen&Robert De Matas
Mrs. Robert M.. Topol Eileen Dinolfo
Paul&Susan Efron
Suzanne Elsesser
Mamaroneck Board of Education Anthony &Maureen EspositoLaura Falb
'. Emilio Da Bramo Joan&Walter Faulkner
Sandy &William Feldman
4
Alan&Laraine Fischer
Arthur&Elinor Fredston
Elizabeth Gay
Arthur Gillman
Fr. Benedict Groeschel
Christine&Edward Helwig
Al&Fried de Metz'91 Herman
Hannelore Herz
Lucy Hickey 191
i
' 191 Winter/Spring Bird Observers
182 183
APPENDIX XXIII-continued APPENDIX XXIII-continued
Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association Members Premium River-Pine Brook Preservation Association Members
Barbara&Wallace Irwin,Jr. Bruno&Evelyn Viani
James"' &Mary Anne"' Johnson Albert"' &DorothY191
Vollmer
Edith &George Kleiner Robert Warshaw'91
Mortimer Korchin Teddie Weber191
Anthony &Vivian KuklinBetty191 &Edward"Pimy"191,19z White
Joell &Robert Kunath Judith &Roger Widmann
George Latimer Joan &John Williams
Edgar&Elizabeth Lehman Murray 191 &Phyllis 19' Wittner
Renee &Robert Leopold Joseph &Mimi Koren Zelvin
Ero&Nicos Los
I
Ruth Lowy'9'
Drew191,Holly &Louis Maggio BOARD FORMED November 15, 1987
A. Mancino
John Sann President
Nancy &John McGarr Robert Warshaw Vice President
William McSherry Ellen Newberry Secretary
Susan&George Matelich Phyllis Witmer Treasurer
Richard Metzner
Directors: Alex Buchman,Walter Chudson (Membership),Louis Del Guercio,Fr. Benedict Groeshel,Mary
Ellen&Russell Newberry Anne Johnson (Coordinator),Ruth Lowy (Field Coordinator),Drew Maggio,Albert Vollmer(Liaison Pryer
Merle Ohlinger Manor Association).
Charlotte Potter
Premium Point Company BOARD OF DIRECTORS-1988
Louis Quattrara John Sann President
Katherine&Martinui le
Q g Y Robert Warshaw Vice President
Eugene Rella Martha Kaufman Secretary
George & Suzanne Roniger Phyllis Witmer Treasurer
Maj Britt Rosenbaum Directors: Alex Buchman,Walter Chudson, Louis Del Guercio,Alan Fischer,Fr. Benedict Groeshel,Mary Anne
Barbara& Scott Rosenblum Johnson, Lawrence Lowy,Holly Maggio,Ellen Newberry,Michael Rosenbaum,Albert Vollmer,Robert E.
Kenneth&Paula Rothaus White. Martha Gershun (1989).
Antonella&Eduardo Salvati
John191 &Marianne'9' Sann BOARD OF DIRECTORS-1991-95
Carol&Matthew Scharff John Sann President 1991-95
Carol &Michael Scheffler Robert Warshaw Vice President 1991-95
Teri Schwartzman Martha Kaufman Secretary 1991-95
Emmy Lou Sleeper Phyllis Winner Treasurer 1991-95
David&Patricia Smalley Robert White Advisor 1991-95
Cecile191 &LeSueur`Bud"'9' Smith Alex Buchman 1991-95
Minnie Sogioka Directors:Walter Chudson,Louis Del Guercio,Rev. Benedict Groeshel,Mary Anne Johnson,
Greg &Maria Stanton Lawrence Lowy, Holly Maggio,Michael Rosenbaum, Albert Vollmer,Robert E. White (1991).
Felicien&Michelle191 Steichen
Anne &Thorbjorn Storm
Barbara&Richard Teiman
Tony's Nurseries 192 Author of The Premium-An Endangered Waterway which provided the foresight and dredging methodology that
eventually led to the Premium River dredging project.
184 185
I
t
APPENDIX XXIV I APPENDIX XXIV-continued
Premium Conservation Area Entranceway Plantings Premium Conservation Area Entranceway Plantings
AMELANCHIER CANADENSIS (SHADBUSH, SHADBLOW) ILEX VERTICILLATA(WINTERBERRY,BLACK ALDER)
Fast-growing large shrub to 25 feet. Silver-gray branches with white flowers in early spring. Ornamental holly grows to 12 feet. Bright red berries (female) stay through late winter. Dark
Edible berries for wildlife and humans. Tolerates brackish water. green oval leaves turn bright yellow in fall. Can tolerate standing water to dry soils, sun to semi-
shade.
` ARONIA ARBUTIFOLIA(RED CHOKEBERRY)
Grows 3 to 5 feet in ordinary soil-preferably in full sun. Moist site an advantage. Early bloom shows white IRIS VERSICOLOR(YELLOW FLAG) "
flower with red stamens early in spring just after shadbush,becomes red berries (September-December)excellent Intense yellow perennial found in tidal and brackish marshes. Flowers May to July.
for wildlife. Showy through winter. Salt tolerant.
JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA(EASTERN RED CEDAR)
ASTER NOVAE-ANGLIAE(NEW ENGLAND ASTER) Fast growing to 25-30 feet high. Bushy or neatly tapered conical shape.Naturally upright and
Height 3-7 feet. 1 to 2 inch bright lavender to purplish blue flowers,yellow center. Flower stalk requires little pruning. Dense screen,aromatic,food for songbirds,nesting site for robins and
has sticky hairs. Flowers late summer into fall. Seen in thickets,fields, meadows,road-side and mockingbirds,roosting cover for juncos etc. Bluish white berries often profuse. Grows in
wet spots. ordinary soil. Drought and shade tolerant. Salt tolerant.
BACCHARIS HALIMIFOLIA (GROUNDSEL TREE) MYRICA PENSYLVANICA(NORTHERN BAYBERRY,WAX MYRTLE)
Grows to 12 ft. in full sun, salt tolerant. Tiny flowers in August-September,white profuse mass Aromatic,hardy. About 6 feet, occasionally to 12 feet. Green leaves tend to bronze in fall.
of microscopic fruits in October. A Clusters of whitish-gray waxy nutlets stay through winter. Tolerates salt and wind, wet to dry,
sun to semi-shade. Good for nesting;fruit and seed are eaten by many kinds of birds in small
CLETHRA ALNIFOLIA(SWEET PEPPERBUSH) quantities.
j Height 6 to 12 feet,partial shade,moist to wet soil. Spicy fragrance,white racemes in summer,
yellow fall foliage. Carefree. Tolerates salt. PANICUM VIRGATUM(SWITCH GRASS)
4 to 7 foot tall grass found at salt marsh edges,coastal meadows. Open flowering clusters arc
CORNUS AMOMUM (SILKY DOGWOOD) purple in flower and produce many small fruits eaten by songbirds. Clusters of curly leaves
Native plant, grows 6 to 8 feet high. Silky leaves,white flowers in May. Blue fruit provides food remain throughout winter.
for wildlife. Hardy everywhere. Winter interest.
RHODODENDRON VISCOSUM (SWAMP AZALEA)
FOTHERGILLA GARDENII(DWARF FOTHERGILLA) Excellent for the wooded coastal area. 6 to 10 feet high, shiny green leaf with fragrant,white flowers in mid
Height 3 feet. Creamy white flowers in spring with a sweet honey fragrance. Orange to scarlet summer. Tolerates brackish conditions,thrives in cultivation.
fall foliage. Sun to partial shade,moist to wet soil.
SAMBUCUS CANADENSIS (AMERICAN ELDERBERRY)
HIBISCUS PALUSTRIS or H. MOSCHEUTOS (ROSE MALLOW) Thrives in ordinary soil, grows almost anywhere, sun or shade, 6 to 10 feet tall and almost as
Perennial wildflower which appears shrub-like. Grows 3-5 feet. Pink flowers from July to wide. White flower in June and blue berries in August and September providing important source
September. Common in Long Island salt marsh borders and brackish areas although it does well of summer food for songbirds.
in gardens. Full sun.
SOLIDAGO SEMPERVIRENS (SEASIDE GOLDENROD)
ILEX OPACA(AMERICAN HOLLY) A wildflower perennial flowering from August-October. Found in irregularly flooded salt and
Considered shrub or tree. Grows to height of 8 to 30 feet or higher. Produces red fruit in 3 to 4 brackish tidal marshes, sand dunes and beaches.
years (requires male&female trees); grows about 1 foot per year. Grows in medium-fertility,
acid soil;fair drought tolerance; sun to shade tolerant,tolerates poorly drained soil. Food and VIBURNUM DENTATUM (ARROWWOOD)
cover for many species of birds. Will tolerate some salt. Full bushy shrub, 6 to 15 feet. Dark green leaves turn deep red in fall. Showy creamy white
flowers in June become cluster of blue-black berries from August to November. Relished by
birds. Likes moist soil, semi-shade but adaptable to a range of soils and light.
186 187
A'
e
r �
APPENDIX XXV APPENDIX XXV-continued
WATERSHED ADVISORY COMMITTEE 4-January 2001
WATERSHED ADVISORY COMMITTEE 5- 1997
M. Christina Selin New Rochelle
,i
WATERSHED ADVISORY COMMITTEE Edward Lynch,AICP New Rocbelle
it
Ronald Bianchi Harrison Phyllis Wittner Larchmont/Mamaroneck Town
Holly Bukofser Harrison Frank McGahan Larchmont/Mamaroneck Town
Richard Metzner Larchmont/Mamaroneck Town
i
Paula Lebowitz Harrison Nancy Sterbenz Larchmont/Mamaroneck Town
Stephen Altieri Mamaroneck Town Carl Alterman Mamaroneck Village
Wallace Irwin,Jr. Mamaroneck Town
Howard McMichael Mamaroneck Town
Phyllis Wittner Mamaroneck Town
Carl Alterman Mamaroneck Village
Michael Blau Mamaroneck Village WESTCHESTER COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING-PROJECT STAFF
Doris Erdman Mamaroneck Village Gina D'Agrosa,AICP Director of Environmental Planning
Barbara Stein Mamaroneck Village Robert Doscher,PWS Associate Environmental Planner,Project Manager
Edward Lynch,AICP New Rochelle Paul Gisondo Associate Planner
Howard Blitman Scarsdale Sabrina Chamey Environmental Planner
Alfred Gatta Scarsdale
Xiaobo Cui Planner(GIS)
Elizabeth Marrinan Scarsdale Kay Eisenman Environmental Planner
Peter Van de Water Scarsdale Claudia Ng Maxwell Environmental Planner
Rod Johnson White Plains Greg Sullivan Staff Assistant(GIS)
Pauline Oliva White Plains Linda Dillon Secretary H
i
WESTCHESTER COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING-PROJECT STAFF
Robert Doscher,PWS, CPESC, Associate Environmental Planner,Project Manager
Paul Gisondo, Associate Planner
i
Claudia Ng Maxwell,Environmental Planner
Mindy Moore,Assistant Environmental Planner
Michael Saviola,Environmental Planner
Michael Selig, Program Specialist(GIS)
188 189
I
APPENDIX XXVI APPENDIX XXVI-continued
THE STREAMWALK PROGRAM THE STREAMWALK PROGRAM
Attendees Briefing Meeting-July 197, I STREAMWALKERS-continued
, I
James Athey Town of Mamaroneck Environmental Coordinator Howard McMichael Mamaroneck Town
Patricia Bonica Friends of the Reservoir Steve Mitsch Mamaroneck Town
- Suzanne Carpenter President L.I.F.E. Center Alice Model Larchmont
p , Peter Goldberger Vice President Friends of the Reservoir William T. Mulhern Hawthorne
Wallace Irwin,Jr. Friends of the Reservoir June Ottinger Mamaroneck Village
James G. Johnson,Jr. President Emeritus Friends of the Reservoir Iris Pagan White Plains
Mary Anne Johnson Environmentalist Louise Perez Larchmont
I
Angel Martin Sheldrake Watershed Committee Marion Robb Larchmont
Alice Model Friends of the Reservoir Oreon Sandler Scarsdale
Barbara Stein Village of Mamaroneck Coastal Zone Committee Ellen Scholle White Plains
Sabrina Charney Westchester County Department of Planning Frances Snedeker Larchmont
Barbara Stein Mamaroneck Village
STREAMWALKERS Carole Watnick New Rochelle
David Watnick New Rochelle
Linda Alpert Mamaroneck Village Jennifer Watson Mamaroneck Village
James Athey Mamaroneck Village Philippa Wharton Larchmont
James Bonica New Rochelle Geoffrey Wiener Larchmont
Patricia Bonica New Rochelle Margaret Wiener Larchmont
Holly Bukofser Harrison Nancy Winkelstein Larchmont
Minu Chaudhuri Scarsdale
Sue Clephane Larchmont
Amy Eberhardt Hartsdale(White Plains)
Sarah Evans- Mamaroneck Village
Rose Lee Genatowski Scarsdale
Ron Gillick New Rochelle
Arthur Goldstein Mamaroneck Town
Ruth Gyure Mamaroneck Town
Cynthia Joseph Larchmont
Mitch Kaplan New Rochelle
Joan Leeds Mamaroneck Town
Pinky Leitner Mamaroneck Town
Danne Lorieo Mamaroneck Town
Jacqueline Lorieo Mamaroneck Town
Mary Lou Mannix Larchmont
Paul Marraffino New Rochelle
Sandra Marraffino New Rochelle
Angel Martin Larchmont
Carolee Martin Larchmont
Caroline McMichael Mamaroneck Town
I 190 191
APPENDIX XXVII APPENDIX XXVII-continued
�i TOWN BOARDS- 1934-To date(December 2006)193 TOWN BOARDS- 1934-To date(December 2006)
1966-1968-continued
Nagel,Jr.,Carl E. Appointed 1968.
1934-1943 Bert C.McCulloch,Supervisor194 Resigned. Called into Naval Reserves. Quadrine,Anthony 1966-1967.
Brewer, Munn Leave of absence for military duty.
Vitetta,Anthony F. Appointed 1968.
Embury, David A. Until March 1943.
Griffen Died.
12/19/68-1975Christine K.Helwig,Supervisor
Keeler
Bloom,Lee H. 1970-1974.
Mandeville, Owen
Chalif,Vitalis
Watson, Edward F.
Faiola,Raymond P. 1968-1975.
i
McMillan, Stewart J. 1973-1975.
1' 1943-1956 Owen A.Mandeville,Supervisor Nagel,Jr.,Carl 1968-1971.
II Bates,George Died February 24, 1943.
Brewer, Munn
Leave of absence for military duty 6/9/43. Vandernoot,Joseph F. 1969-1975.
I� 1952-1956. Vitetta,Anthony 1969-1971.
Brush,Benjamin
White, Thomas E. 1972-1975.
Embury, David A. Until 1953.
Kane,Peter 1952-1956.
1944-45 (Died). 1976-1979 Joseph F.Vandernoot,Supervisor
Keeler
1949-Ma 1955. Bloom,Lee H.
McKeever,John T. y DeMaio,Harry B.
Meighan,Burton
McMillan, Stewart J.
i„ Mills,Jr.,George 1946-49. Monsell,Charlotte P.
Stiner,Monroe 1943-48.
Perone,John M.
i' Waterman,Jeremiah C. 1950-55.
Watson,Edward F. 1945-52.
L 1980-1983 Leo Goldsmith,Jr.,Supervisor
Amlicke,Thomas R.
1956-1965 George D.Burchell, Supervisor Bloom,Lee H.
Brush,Benjamin
McMillan, Stewart Until 1983.
Chalif,Vitalis
April 1961-December 1963. Monsell,Charlotte P. Until 1981.
Cook,Jr., Joseph W. P Perone,John M. Until 1981.
Helwig,Christine K. Appointed April 4, 1959.
Silverstone,Carolyn 1982-1984.
Kane,Peter
Quadrine,Anthony January 1964-December 1965.
1956 to April 12, 1961. 1984-1989 Dolores A.Battalia,Supervisor
Santoro,Battista J. P
1956 to resignation April 1, 1959. Amlicke,Thomas R. Until 1987.
Waterman,Jeremiah C. g P Bloom,Lee H. Until 1985.
1966-1968 Peter Kane,Supervisor Died November 1968. Chapin, Stephen C. 1986-1989.
Korn,Henry 1988-1989.
Chalif,Vitalis
Faiola,Raymond P. November 1966-1968. Lerman,Lawrence A. Until 1987.
McGarr,John D. 1988-1989.
Helwig,Christine K. Deputy Supervisor appointed Supervisor Dec. 1968. Price,Elaine 1988.
Silverstone,Caroline 1984-5.
193 Courtesy of Town of Mamaroneck Clerk Patricia DiCioccio(January 1, 1986-April 4,2007).
194 Supervisors are elected every two years while Council members serve a four year term.
193
192
i
i APPENDIX XXVII-continued INDEX
Adonetti,Pat 50 Bradley,Mary Lee 61
TOWN BOARDS- 1934-To date (December 2006) Alcott,Susan 46 Brauman,Vivienne 69
Alk,Alfred 39 Briarcliff Manor 30
1990-1993 Caroline Silverstone,Supervisor Allen,Bruce 55,63,65 Britt,Ruth 63
Chapin, Stephen C. Resigned. Replaced by Paul Ryan. Allen,Henry 36 @ footnote 69 Broad,William 66
Korn,Henry Resigned 1991. Allen,Pat 67 Brooklyn Botanical Garden 68
McGarr,John D. Amlicke,James 32 Brown,Jessica 38-39
O'Flinn,Kathleen Tracy '
Amlicke Susan 28 @ footnote 57 29 38 44 48 50 60 69 Brush,Benjamin(Councilman) 102
Price,Elaine
Amlicke,Thomas,Jr.32-33 Bunn,George W. 12 @ footnote 23
Anderson,Alan and Barbara 60 Burchell,George(Supervisor)3,5, 102
Ryan,Paul 1990.
Arbib,Jr.,Robert E. 12 Burdick,Bonnie 56
i
1994-1999 Elaine Price,Supervisor Resigned February 24, 1999. Association for Retarded Children 22 Burgett,Victor 35
Ryan,Paul Appointed Supervisor February 25, 1999. Astle,Michael 33 Burke,Jacqueline and Ursula 57
Myers,Judith Appointed to replace Councilman Ryan. Atwood,Margaret 59 Burke,Matthew 32
O'Keeffe,Valerie Moore 1998. Byers,Mrs.Benjamin 18
Baiocco,Mary Lou 62
P '
We rin,B A. Appointed to replace Councilwoman Price.
Bairn Dorothy38
Witmer,Phyllis Elected 1996. Calman,Louise 63
Baiter,Julie 50 Calvert,John 12 @ footnote 23
1999-1999 Paul A.Ryan,Supervisor March 3-December 31. Baker,Niles 56 Campfire Girls 60,61
�I
Myers,Judith Baker,Norman 61 Canada geese 92
Odierna,Ernest Barney,Jerry 38 Cannock,Peter 38
O'Keeffe,Valerie M. Barrows,Susan 46 Canonica,Frank 12 @ footnote 23
Weprin,Barry A. Battalia,Dolores(Supervisor) 107 @ footnote 155 Carlin,Suzanne 67
Wlttrier,Phyllis Beal,Janet 71 Carlson,David 32
Beall(Beale),Alison 46,56 Carlson,Nancy 58,68
2000-to date Valerie Moore O'Keeffe,Supervisor Begansky,John 12 @ footnote 23 Caro,Jane 53
David Fishman Appointed June 6,2007. Best Management Practices 69 Carpenter,Randle 56,66
Bennett,Macky 46 Carpenter,Suzanne 59,66
Myers,Judith Resigned March 1,2005.
Odiema,Ernest Berger,Jane 28,52 Carrow,Breck 56,60
Appointed 2000. Bergstein,Joe 60 Caruso,Nicholas 39
Nancy y pp
Winick,Paul A. Appointed March 2005. Resigned June 6,2007. Bialo,Kenneth(Trustee)45 @footnote 85 Cavalieri,Susan 28,62,63
Wittner,Phyllis Bieley,Mrs.50 Chamber of Commerce 6
Billington,Mrs.Richard 18 @ footnote 33 Chapin,Donald 36 @ footnote 69
Birnbaum,Joan 69 Chau,Haan-Fawn 57
Bisceglia,Jerry 102 Chin,Jennifer 57
Block,Mrs.Harold 11 Chronowski,Lucy 50
Bloom,Alice 51,62 Cirillo,Michael 33
Bloom,Doug 108, 114 Citizens for Environmental Quality 18,29,37,Appendix VIII
Bloom,Lee 3,6,45,46 Clarke,Kathryn 107
Bogner,Evelyn 46 Coast Week Beach Cleanup,National and International 32,
Bonacci,Frank 12 @ footnote 23 63,64-68
Borelli,Sol 56 Celebration-see Premium River-Pine Brook
Boy Scouts 22,24,34,60,65,66,68,70 Preservation Association
Cub Scouts 60 Coastal Zone Management Act 72
194 Bradley,Dr.John 38 Coastal Management Program 105
195
'I �
AL
Coastal Zone Management Commission(Larchmont- Cotter,Marjorie 56 Energy Conservation(continued) of New Rochelle 69
Mamaroneck)25,34,43,63-64,72-74,92,98,99,107, Cosgrove,Janice 39 Lecture 60 of Westchester 66
Critical Environmental Areas 63,73 and footnote 102,96, Photo Contest,"Energy and the Quality of Our Jen and Harvey Panagiotopoulos 66
109,115,Appendix XIX
Lives"39 Westchester Men's 81,82
Coastal Zone Management Committee 72,Appendix XVIII 99, 104,105 and @footnote 150
Englested,Mrs.Knud 85 C&footnote 117 Coastal Zone Management Commission(Larchmont-
Coe,James 45,56,60 Westchester County 90,105
Cohen,Morein 60 Cross County Lands Study Committee 6 @footnote 14,7 Environmental Articles and Photographs Appendix I Mamaroneck)25,34,43,63-64,72-74,92,98,99,107, 109,
Coico,Lisa and RiEnvironmental Coordinator 24-25,30 115,Appendix XIX
chard 108 @ footnote 15,8,44,Appendix II
Coastal Zone Management Committee 72,Appendix XVIII
Coleman,Stephen 99 Cross County Parkway and Lands 4 @ footnote 6,6 and @ James Athey,Jr.25
Community Action Program 36 footnote 13,7 and @ footnote 15 ;. Eve Nudehnan Bocca 25 Coe,James 45,56,60
Claudia Ng 25,31,35,118 @ footnote 173 Cohen,Morein 60
Comprehensive Master Plan for the Town of Mamaroneck Curley,Donnell 95
Elizabeth Paul 25,72,Environmental Planner 25, Coico,Lisa and Richard 108
and Village of Larchmont 103
100 Coleman,Stephen 99
Comprehensive Recreation Survey of Unincorporated Area Da Bramo,Emilio 18
and two Villages 5 Ca)footnote 11 Daily Times of Mamaroneck 13,17 @footnote 32,46,87
Environmental Management Council 24 Community Action Program 36
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection 110 "Weekly Journeys in Nature's Trails"13,46, Environmental Task Force 18-19, Appendix IX Comprehensive Master Plan for the Town of Mamaroneck
Section 401 Water Quality Certificate 110 Appendix V Ernst,Ruth 55 and Village of Larchmont 103
Conservation Advisory Commission(CAC) 19-34,389 39, Darby,Jane(Teatown Lake Reservation)55 Evans,Bethann 58
Comprehensive Recreation Survey of Unincorporated Area
43,60,69,77 @footnote 107,78 @footnote 108,79,80 Daughters of American Revolution 37 Everett,Mary 48 and two Villages 5 C&footnote 11
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection 110
@ footnote 109,81 @ footnote 110, 82 and footnote 112, Davis,Merry 52
83 @ footnote 113,84 @ footnote 115,92,99, 104,107, Davis,Sigrid 28 Fajan,Diane 46 Section 401 Water Quality Certificate 110
Appendix VI Degenhazdt,Linda and Paul 66,67 Farnsworth,Andrew 108
Conservation Advisory Commission(CAC)19-34,38,39,
Beautification Days(Conservation Clean-Up Day) Family 66 Federated Conservationists of Westchester County 37 43,60,69,77 @ footnote 107,78 @ footnote 108,79,80
Fekeith,Harvey 12 @ footnote 23 @ footnote 109,81 @ footnote 110, 82 and footnote 112,
31 Demasi,Janet 46
Feldman,Sandy 32
Environmental Advice to Government Boards 22, Dermer,Diane 56 83 @footnote 113,84 @footnote 115,92,99,104, 107,
97 De Rosa,Michael 12 @ footnote 23 Feldtmose,Mary 59 Appendix VI
Freshwater Wetlands Commission/Water Control Deutsch,Eileen 62 Fermoile,David 65 Beautification Days(Conservation Clean-Up Day)
l Commission 25 @ footnote 51,26,34 Devote,Cathy McMichael 66 Ferrandino Associates 93 31
Conservation Advisory Committee(Cac)8,9 @ footnote 17, Dexter,Dr.Barbara 41,55,66,67 81, 108 Finch,Jonathan 56 Environmental Advice to Government Boards 22,
97
10 @ footnotes 18 and 20, 11 @ footnote 22,12,14,15, Dooley,Margaret 58 First,Devra 33
16-19,Appendices VI and VII Dopsch,Alison Lowy 46 Fisher,Fran 62 Freshwater Wetlands Commission/Water Control
Commission 25 @footnote 51,26,34
Adult Education:"Introduction to Conservation Dougherty,Molly 33 Fitch,Charles Marden 10 @ footnote 20
i Forrest,John E. 12 Conservation Advisory Committee(Cac)8,9 @ footnote 17,
Education" 10 Downes,Frank 85
Frank,Suzanne C.46
Four Symposia Ecological Issues 35 10 @footnotes 18 and 20,11 @footnote 22,12,149 15,
Frankel,Dr.Edward 63 16-19,Appendices VI and VII
Conservation Aides 13,and @footnote 26,46 Earth Day 32,43,63
Fredston Elinor 26-7,63,73 @footnote 104
Adult Education:"Introduction to Conservation
Conservation Apprenticeship Crews 21 Earth Smarts 45 '
Summer Conservation Apprenticeship Program Earth Summit,United Nations 43 Freeman,Ellen 62 Education"10
32-33 East Creek 2,28,50,96,97,98 and @ footnote 141,99 Frese,Paul 46 Four Symposia Ecological Issues 35
'des
13 and @footnote 26,46
Conservation Ai
Control
Co ,
Conservation Areas,Parks and Cemeteries 21 Restoration 98,99,116
Freshwater Wetlands Commission/Water
Dedication 22 and footnote 45 Edelstein,Joyce 62 Commission 25 @ footnote 51,26 Conservation Apprenticeship Crews 21
Friedman,Donald 12 @ footnote 23 Summer Conservation Apprenticeship Program
Conservation Consultant 77,95 Edler,Mary Anne 49
't 32-3
Conservation Director 76 Ehbrecht,Mary 48
Conservation Education 17-18 Emanuelson,Clifford 2,3,8,9 and @footnote 17, 10, 14, Gallagher,Carolyn 46 Conservation Areas,Parks and Cemeteries 21
Consistency Law 72-74 15,17,24-25,32,39,40,44,46,95 and @footnote 132 Garden Club Dedication 22 and footnote 45
17 19 37 40 69
Conservation Consultant 77,95
16- ,
1-12 ,
61 ,
hmo
nt 4 ,
d 36 @ footnote 69
of Lazc ,
(Reverend)Emerson James e )
- 4 (R
Consistency Review 7
37
Conway,Davnet 33 Energy Conservation 38-39,61 81,85,86 Conservation Director 76
of Larchmont/Mamaroneck 59>65,68 Conservation Education 17-18
Copening>Rhea 46 Bicycle Tour 61
of Mamaroneck 16-17,40 Consistency Law 72-74
.Corwin,Jr.,Garrison 106 @ footnote 154 Conservation Workshop 38
197
196
Consistency Review 73-74 Emerson,James(Reverend)36 @ footnote 69 Garden Club(continued) 118
Conway,Davnet 33 Energy Conservation 38-39,61
of Mamaroneck 16-17,40 New York State's National Small Business Tree
Copening,Rhea 46 Bicycle Tour 61
of New Rochelle 69 Planting 111
Corwin,Jr.,Garrison 106 @ footnote 154 Conservation Workshop 38
of Westchester 66 New York State Waterfront Implementation
Cotter,Marjorie 56 Lecture 60 Jen and Harvey Panagiotopoulos 66 Grant 109
Cosgrove,Janice 39 Photo Contest,"Energy and the Quality of Our
Westchester Men's 81,82 Water Quality Improvement Grant 91
Critical Environmental Areas 63,73 and footnote 102,96, Lives"39 Gardens Gregg,Daria 47
99, 104, 105 and @ footnote 150 Englested,Mrs.Knud 85 @ footnote 117 Native species 91 Greenway
Westchester County 90, 105 Environmental Articles and Photographs Appendix I Gardens Lake(Duck Pond)2,21,22,23,25-26,82,83,84, Colonial Greenway Project 118
Cross County Lands Study Committee 6 @ footnote 14,7 Environmental Coordinator 24-25,30 117 Community 118
@ footnote 15,8,44,Appendix II James Athey,Jr.25
Automatic valve 82,83 Greenway Conservancy for the Hudson River
Cross County Parkway and Lands 4 @ footnote 6,6 and @ Eve Nudelman Bocca 25 Brookside Drive 91 Valley 118
footnote 13,7 and @ footnote 15 Claudia Ng 25,32,35, 118 @ footnote 173
Committee to Let It Live 87 Hudson River Valley Greenway Act 118
Curley,Donnell 95 Elizabeth Paul 25,72,Environmental Planner 25,
Dredge 87-90 Hudson River Valley Greenway Communities
Da Bramo,Emilio 18 100 Hickory Grove Drive 91 Council 118
Daily Times of Mamaroneck 13, 17 @ footnote 32,46,87 Environmental Management Council 24 Lakeside Drive 89 New York State Hudson River Valley Greenway
f "Weekly Journeys in Nature's Trails" 13,46, Environmental Task Force 18-19, Appendix IX Lansdowne Drive 91 118
Appendix V Ernst,Ruth 55
� Siltation basin 89 Westchester Greenway Trail Description 118
Darby,Jane(Teatown Lake Reservation)55 Evans,Bethann 58 Wildlife Patrol 87 Groh,Ellen 50
Daughters of American Revolution 37 Everett,Mary 48 Geer,Jenny 53 Gross,Robert 39,60
'VIII Davis,Merry 52 Fajan,Diane 46 � Gerazdi,Andy 56 Grossinger,Harvey 12 @footnote 23
Davis,Sigrid 28 Farnsworth,Andrew 108
Gilman,Ted 47 Guamaccia,Kim(Nantucket Advertising)34
Degenhardt,Linda and Paul 66 Federated Conservationists of Westchester County 37 Giordano,Ann 50,56 Gunsalus,Ann 46,59
Family 66 Fekeith,Harvey 12 @ footnote 23 Giuliano,Judy 50 Gut Creek 95 @ footnote 132,96,98
Demasi,Janet 46 IFeldman,Sand 32, Y Girl Scouts 12,20,29,31,59,60,61,66,68,69,81 Gyure,Ruth 46
Dermer,Diane 56 Feldtmose,Mary 59 Brownies 53,60,67
De Rosa,Michael 12 @ footnote 23 Fermoile,David 65 Gleit,Jonathan 56 Haake,Bernard 20 @ footnote 33
^� Deutsch,Eileen 62 Ferrandino Associates 93
Goldberger,Peter 46 Hamell,Howard 12 @ footnote 23
Devore,Cathy McMichael 66 Finch,Jonathan 56 Golden,Herbert 37 Harrison,Town/Village 2
Dexter,Dr.Barbara 41,55,66,67 81, 108 First,Devra 33 Goldman,Joe 61 Harrison-Mamaroneck Newcomers Club 69
Dooley,,Mar Margaret 58
Y g
Fisher,Fran 62
Golf Clubs 69 Harmon,Clifford B.84
Do sch,Alison Low 46
P Y Fitch,Charles Marden 10 @ footnote 20 Bonnie Briar 2,70-71,92-93 Hartford,Nancy 39,69
Dougherty,Molly 33 Forrest,John E. 12 Hampshire Country Club 2,97,98 and @ Haviland,Joseph 56
Downes,Frank 85 Frank,Suzanne C.46 footnote 141 Hecker,Lillian 50
Earth Day 32,43,63 Frankel,Dr.Edward 63 Winged Foot 2,92 Helicopter Landing 23
Earth Smarts 45 Fredston,Elinor 26-7,64,73 @ footnote 104 Gorman,Michael 33 Heller,David 57
Earth Summit,United Nations 43
Freeman,Ellen 62 I Grant,Emily 38 Heller,John 107 @footnote 155
East Creek 2,28,50,96,97,98 and @footnote 141,99 Frese,Paul 46 Grant,Richard 12 @ footnote 23 Helwig,Christine 2,3, 15, 17, 19 @ footnote 38,36,44,
Freshwater Wetlands Commission/Water Control
Grants Received 81,87,95 and @footnote 131, 101-102
East Creek(continued) Commission 25 @ footnote 51,26
Clean Water/Clean Air Bond Act 89 Tree Nursery 20,67
Restoration 98,99, 116 Friedman,Donald 12 @ footnote 23
Environmental Protection Fund 90, 109, 113, Hindin,Pat 62
Edelstein,Joyce 62 Gallagher,Carolyn 46 116, 119 Hirsch,Natalie 33
Edler,Mary Anne 49 Garden Club
Environmental Quality Bond Act 109 Historical Societies,Larchmont and Mamaroneck 40
Ehbrecht,Mazy 48 of Larchmont 4,6, 11-12, 16-17, 19,37,40,69,
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation LIS Hohberg,Robert 25-26,50,Appendix XII
Emanuelson,Clifford 2,3,8,9 and @ footnote 17, 10, 14, 81,85,86
Futures Fund 90-91 Hometown Beautification Project 12-13
15, 17,24-25,32,39,40,44,46,95 and @ footnote 132 of Larchmont/Mamaroneck 59,65,68 New York State Hudson River Valley Greenway Project Crews 12 @ footnote 23
I
198 199
' f
Hommocks Project Research Committee 35 Larchmont-Mamaroneck Citizens Committee for Walk Books
Agrion Foundation 94 Junior Naturalist Corps 10-11,Appendix IV Environmental Quality(continued) Larchmont Reservoir Walkbook 21,32
Area lands 94 Junior Women's Club of Larchmont 37 Symposia 18 Larchmont Reservoir-James G.Johnson Walk
Burger,Ralph W.and Mrs.Burger 94 Larchmont-Mamaroneck Conservation Areas and Parks Book 70
Burger Tract 94 Kammerer,Brian 56 45,70 Larchmont Reservoir-James G.Johnson Walk
Conservation Area 2, 11,22 and footnote 45,25, Kane,Peter(Councilman and Supervisor)4, 101, 102 Larchmont Nurseries(Joanne Grossman)22,45,63,65, Book revised 70,79-80
33,67,94,959 969 97 @ footnote 140 Katze,Margaret 50 111 Water testing(see Project Riverwatch)
Report on Visual Inspection 98 Kaufman,Martha 43,68 Larchmont Planned Parenthood Committee 19 Wildflower garden 81,84
Dedication 22 and footnote 45,95 Kellogg,Frederick 16 and @footnote 30 Larchmont Reservoir 20-21,22,25 and @ footnote 51,269 Larchmont Reservoir-Sheldrake-Leatherstocking
Fields 2,22 @footnote 45,96,97,98 Kelly,Joan 50,589 61 32-33,40-41,48,58,69,89 Freshwater Wetlands Complex 84
Carpino-Steffens Athletic Fields 97 Kenegy 36 @ footnote 69 Conservation Area 2 Larchmont,Village of 6, 12-13,36,40,41,45,4891019
Field Improvement Study 97(also see Kennedy,John F.(President)3 @ footnote 5 Dennis Drive Trail 33 1039 104-105, 116
Ward Associates) Kenneth Little Hawk 67,68 Earth Day Fair 63 Beach lot 103,105, 106 at footnote 153
Field Reconstruction 97-98 King,Alene 56 Fall Festival 45,66,84 Point Road 103
Hommocks Conservation Walk Book 69,95 King,Mrs.Charles C.85 Filter plant 81,82 Board of Trustees 21,48,72,77,78, 109, 111
Hommocks Lands Committee 95,Appendix XX King,Robert 12 @ footnote 23 Five-Member Commission 77 Cedar Island 97
Hommocks Road 94,95,97 Kingkade,Dr.Mary 36 @ footnote 69 Friends of the Reservoir Committee and Centennial 64
Master Plan 94 @ footnote 130,95 Kinzly,Berta 50 Organization 21,40,41,44-459 64,66,76,78, Department of Public Works 99
Middle School(also see listing under Schools) Kissinger,Samuel 107 @ footnote 155 79,80,82,84, 117 East Creek(see separate heading)
95,96,98,99 Kiwanis 40 Ice Cream Social 62,63,65,66,67,78,80 Engineer 97
Park 87 Koller,Gail 53,67 James G.Johnson,Jr.Conservancy 2,32,45,48, Little Harbor Sound 26,96,97,98
Salt Marsh 12,21,47,599 60,96-97,99-100 Komitor,Robert 25,107
66,75 Dredging 97-98
Hommocks Salt Marsh Complex 96 Komgold,Laurie 52 Larchmont Reservoir-Wallace Irwin,Jr.83-84 Little Harbor Sound Association 97
Management Plan for Hommocks Salt Adam and Evan 52 Larchmont Reservoir Committee 79,809 82 Larchmont Harbor 26,969 116
Marsh Complex 99-100 Kraus,Robert 18 @ footnote 33 Larchmont Reservoir History-James G. Salt marsh 96
Homsy,Shelley 63,65 Kress,Stephen(Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology)61 Johnson,Jr.76-83 Open Space Appendix X
Horowitz,Vicki 39 Kriesberg,Robin 46 Larchmont's Reservoir:A Conservation Story Ordinances
Housing Urban Development Agency 100 Kronenberg,Gisela 65 21,40 Dedication Larchmont Reservoir 78
Hudson River Museum 50 Kronenberger,James(Superintendent Recreation)4,189 Local Law 78 Freshwater Wetlands Law 25 and @ footnote
Hulit,Peg 58 101-102 Lower dam 79 51
Hynes,James 32 Kunath,Joell and Robert 106 @ footnote 154 Map and survey 84 Freshwater Wetlands and Watercourses Law
Kuntsler,Dave 108 Maple sugaring 65 73
Iantomo,Ceil 50 Nature Center 41-42 Site Plan Approval 73
Intermunicipal watershed management 89,118-119 LaBarbara,Chris 39 Osprey platform 84 Parks
Irwin,Jr.,Wallace 21,28 @ footnote 57,39,40 and footnote La Croce,Vito 12 @ footnote 23 Potting Shed 42,49,80-819 82 Flint Park 48,56,959 97,99
80,41-3,46,66,679 70,107,117 Lambiasi,Carl 12 @ footnote 23Project Riverwatch 40-41 Kane Park 12, 105
Landes,Gloria 38 Sheldrake Avenue 79 Lorenzen Park 105, 111
Jiuliano,Judy 46 Land Practice Guide for People Living and Working in the Sheldrake Community Garden 66 Manor Park 26,63
Johnson,Jr.,James 3, 13,21,41,44-45 Long Island Sound Watershed 34 Sheldrake Lake 82,83 Earth Summit Ceremony 64
Johnson,M Anne 2,3,13,15, 17, 18 @ footnote 33,34, Lannert,Joyce Mary y (Westchester County Commissioner of Sheldrake Lane 83 Municipal Park 61
40,44 @ footnote 83,45,48,58,68,70 Planning)116 Spring Music 84 Vanderburgh Park 98
jJoint Sanitation Commission(Larchmont-Mamaroneck)28 Larchmont Avenue Church 69 Summer Naturalist program 80 Woodbine Park 105
and @ footnote 58,29,30-31 Larchmont Historical Society 69 Trails and improvements 79-81 Parks and Trees Committee 99
Joint Survey Committee 5 Larchmont-Mamaroneck Citizens Committee for Upper dam 83 Pine Brook 12,116
Junior League of Larchmont 35,36,37 Environmental Quality 18-19 Valve and automation 78,81,83 Planning Board 20 @ footnote 41,22
of Westchester 69 People involved 18 @ footnote 33 Vegetable garden 81,84 St.John's Church(also see Schools)59
200 201
i
Larchmont Villa e of continued L.I.F.E.Center(continued)
L.I.F.E.Center Lobbying(continued) Greenburgh Nature Center 58
g
Spanish Cove 97,98 Clearwater group 68 One way beverage container-ban 70 Larchmont Reservoir 57
Streets Community-wide Events 59-68,also see Prohibit hunting birds in Larchmont Harbor 70 Long Island Sound Taskforce Sea Camp 57
Boston Post Road 22,99 Larchmont Reservoir Rye-Oyster Bay Causeway Bridge-opposed 70 Marshlands Conservancy Summer Ecology
Beautification Days(Conservation SUNY Albany-Keep Environmental Studies Program 56-57
Hall Avenue 98 Y
} Pryer Lane 101 Clean-Up Day)48,59-67,Appendix I program 70 Mc Donald Foundation 57
II Tree City U.S.A.61
XVII Taylor's Lane-Fusco development 70 Merck Forest,Vermont 56
l Village Ford-waste oil East Creek 70 Mt.Rainier,Washington 56
Zoning Board 20 @footnote 41,22 Composting 64 69' Newsletter-Lifeline 3 @ footnote 4,46,52 @ National Audubon Workshops 56
Larchmont Yacht Club 66 Discount Program(Local merchants)
footnote 90
Greenwich Audubon 56-57
Latimer,George 45 @footnote 85 66
"Nature Trails"46 Maine Audubon 56-57
Lazarus,Debra 67 "Native American Celebration of the
League of Women Voters(Larchmont and Mamaroneck)4, Environment"64 Other Communities 69 Scarsdale Audubon 69,56
m
6, 19,37,38,39,47,60,64 Pesticide Cleanup Day 62 Other Education 68-69 Wisconsin Audubon 68-69 -
ro'�r
Other Organizations 69 Wyoming 68,56
Leatherstocking Trails 2, 12,20,62 Conservation Aides training and locations 46-47
Programs New York Academy of Science 57
Leddy,Patrick Thomas(Ranger-Custodian)2, 11, 12 and @ Continuing Education 54,56
Astronauts 62 New York State Environmental Education
footnote 23, 16, 18 @footnote 33, 25-26,39(Highway Lectures,slide shows,wine and cheese socials
Superintendent)83, 118 @ footnote 173 Adaptation 61 "Birds of Prey"53, 67 Camp De Bruce 56
Lee,Gayle 35 Comet Kohoutek 60 Discovery Days 69 Rogers Ecology Workshop 56,57
Environmental issues 62 Rye Nature Center 57
!!{I { Lee,Ronnie 56 Geology of Westchester County 67-68
Ij Lehman,Elisabeth 45 Greacen Point,Hommocks,Premium salt "Journey of Discovery"53 Sea Camp Stamford,CT 57
�I Leitner,Lee 65 marshes 60-61 "Life in a Tide Pool"51 Student Conservation Corps-Washington,
Leitner,Maryann 48,56,69 Local Wetlands Ecology 67 Nature 68 Utah and Yosemite 56
"Predators of the World"65 Apostle Islands 57
Leitner,Pinky 43,56 Native Americans 64
Lerman,Daniel 57 Pesticide Use 66 Pre-school Programs 48-49 Talks
Levine,Sheldon 8, 13, 15, 17-18,24 Substance abuse 61 School Programs 49-54 Audubon Camps 69
"Story of a Tree"51 J
Lewy,Cheryl(Mayor)45 and @ footnote 85 Lobbying 70-71 How to Care for Inured Animals 69
Library Exhibits and Programs Active recreation facilities at Hommocks and Summer Ecology Program 54 Long Island Sound Ecology 69
I; Ardsley,Village of 69 Premium River areas-opposed 70
Toddler Program 69 Recycling 69
Hommocks Library 58 Alison Beall naturalist-supported 70 Winter Wildlife 54 Salt Marshes 69
Larchmont Library 58,80 Blood Bros.Pollution of Mamaroneck River Native Plant Sale 65 Saving Energy 61
Project ELFF 60 Weeds 69
Mamaroneck Free Library Libr 58-59
70
i Bonnie Briar- reserve as recreation area 70- Solar homes 61,66 Town Meeting 59
Other exhibits 59 p
Training 46
-47
' s 56 58
Lind,Justin 52,57 71 Summer Scholarships g
Lindsley,Miss 85 @ footnote 117 Bottle bill for NYS-supported 70 Adirondack Institute Backpacking Camp 56 Vacation/After School Clubs 53-68
Lions Club 37,40 Davids Island-preserve 70 Alene King Scholarship 56 Natural Arts and Crafts 67
Bronx Zoo Animal Kingdom Camp 57,70 Nature Club for Kindergartners, 1"and
Lippsett,M.D.,Paula 2,21,84 Diforio property 70,71
Camp Arnot 56 2nd graders 67
g
Little League 65 Ecology of rivers 70
Livingston,Suzanna(Susie)46,56,69 Environmental Bond Act-supported 70
Camp DeBruce 56-57 Nature Sketching for Beginners 67
LMC-TV 48 Fragile areas and increasing tax revenues 70 Camp Rushford 56 Vacation Club 67-68
Local Involvement For Environment(L.I.F.E.Center)3 @ Freshwater Wetlands Management Act- Cornell Extension Service 56 Winter Wildlife 67
footnote 4, 13 @ footnote 26, 19,21,27-29,31,33,34,35- supported 70 Cornell University Teen Leadership Program Volunteers-Appendix XIII
71,76,79-80, 106, 107 Appendix XIV Incinerator ban-Town of Mamaroneck 70 56 Walks 54-56,59,62,67,78,79
Audio-Visual Programs 47-48 Jay Property-advocated acquisition by Cranberry Lake 57 Welcome Wagon 62
"Introduction to Ecology"47 Westchester County 70 Department of Environmental Conservation Workshops/Seminars
"Manor Park:Larchmont's 12 Golden Larchmont Reservoir-retain and protect 70 Camp 56-57 Birds of Prey 67
Acres"63 NYS Tidal Wetlands Law 70 Lake Colby Camp 57 Colonial crafts 60
202 203
L.I.F.E.Workshops/Seminars(continued) Mamaroneck-Sheldrake Watersheds articles 13
Mamaroneck,Town of (continued) 24,16,19,22 and C&footnote 45,77,88,95 and
Dressmaking-Larchmont Senior Center Mamaroneck River 21,25 @ footnote 51,26,
Plantings Appendix XI @footnote 132,97,101-102, 109-111,116,
60 116
Family camping 60 Mamaroneck,Town of 11,36,39,98, 103,104,116 Recreation and Parks Commission 6 Appendix XXVII
Gardening 54,60 Administrator 88,89 C&footnote 124 Joint Survey Committee 5 Zoning Board 20 @ footnote 41,22
Holiday Card Making 67 Building Inspector 27 Recreation Mamaroneck Town:A history of the "Gathering Place"2
Insulating Windows 61 Cemeteries 22 Commission and Superintendent 101- and @ footnote 1,21,84
Integrated Pest Management 66 Conservation Area of TOM 18 102 Mamaroneck,Village 2,5,6, 12-13,27,28-30,36,39,96,
Paper Making Workshops 56,67 Conservation Department 66,79-82 Department 4 @ footnote 9,42 116
Zone 24 Board of Trustees 111
Photography 60,68 Storm Drain Stenciling 66
Street Trees 27 Blood Bros.27,70
Project Wild 55 Engineer 97
Tree City USA 27 Cherry Blossom Festival 37,59
Stamp Art Card-Making 55,67 Foote,A.J.86
"Trees for Our Town"28 Emelin Street Fair 55,61,62
Teatown Lake Reservation 55 Widulski,William 87
Streets Greacen Point salt marsh 60,61
Terrarium,Build a 60,Appendix XVI Government Day 62
Avon Road 6 @footnote 13 Mamaroneck Harbor 116
Local Waterfront Revitalization Plan/Program-TOM and Guadognolo Property 22
Boston Post Road 99, 101 Mamaroneck River 2, 12,26, 116
VOL 2 @ footnote 2,27,34,72-73 90,96,99,104, 105, Highway Department and Superintendent 11,22,
106,107,109 27,83, 100,111 Country Road 6 @ footnote 13,27 Open Space Appendix X
Long Island Sound 2,19,23,32,34,35,44,48,53,58,62, Land Preservation 93 Dillon Park 101 and @ footnote 146, Ordinances
1102 Freshwater Wetlands Law 25 and @
63,64,69,91,95,96,98,99,101, 105,112,115-116 Larchmont Gardens(also see Gardens Lake)84
Excessive nitrogen 115 Association 86 Dillon Road 101, 106 footnote 51
Hypoxia 115 Master Plan Review Committee 33
Edgewood Avenue 5 @ footnote 10 Otter Creek Trust Group 69
�
Nonpoint source pollution 115-116 Newsletter"On the Town"24 Fenbrook(Subdivision)24 Parks
Fenimore Road 6 @ footnote 13,24 Columbus Park 26
Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Plan 115-116 Open Space 2,Appendix X
Fifth Avenue 22 Florence Park Rangers 48,69
Long Island Sound Study 107, 115 Ordinances 13 @ footnote 24, 15
Gatehouse Lane 24 Harbor Island 26,38,61,62,63,67
Citizens Advisory Committee for Long Island Conservation Areas 13 @ footnote 24
Highland Road 6 @footnote 13 Rotary Club Environmental Fair 59,64
Sound 107 Control Water Courses of Streams and
Hillcrest Avenue 5 @ footnote 10 Waterfront Environmental Fair 31
State Habitat Restoration Initiative 112 Rivers 102
Restoring Long Island Sound's Habitats 112 Do Not Feed Waterfowl 92 Howell Park 98 @ footnote 141 Saxon Woods 4 @ footnote 6
Long Island Sound Task Force 107 Environmental Quality Review 96 Jason Lane 24 Warren Avenue 12,26
Water quality 115 Flood Damage Prevention 24 Murray Avenue 99 Senior Citizens 48,68
Long Island Sound Watershed Intermunicipal Council Freshwater Wetlands 25 Myrtle Boulevard 4,22,24 Streets/Areas
North Chatsworth Avenue 22 Country Road(see TOM streets)
(LISWIC)32, 118-119 Freshwater Wetlands and Watercourses
Old White Plains Road 6 @ footnote Greacen Point 25
Environmental Protection Fund Grant (also see 25 @ footnote 51,73 and @
13,27 Rockland Avenue land 12
Grants) 119 footnote 103
Pheasant Run 102 Old White Plains Road(see TOM streets)
Website 119 @ footnote 176 Freshwater Wetlands Map 99
Pryer Manor Road 101, 112, 113 Taylors Lane 30,111
Lorieo,Jackie 46,67 Litter Law 24
Revere Road 11 Hazardous waste superfund site 111
Lowe Nita(Congresswoman)99 Recreation Zone 92
Lowey,
� Rockland Avenue 6 @footnote 13, 12, Taste of Mamaroneck 62
Lowy,Lawrence 35 @ footnote 65,36,39 Site Plan Approval 73
18 Westchester Jewish Center Environ.Event 59
Lawrence Lowy Grant 48 Tree Preservation Law 23,24,27
Luther,A148 Park Commission 85,88 Rockland Avenue Woods 3,5 @ footnote Manion,Molly 50
10 Marion,Jane 64
Luther,Kay 56,59 Parks
Soundview Woods 6 @footnote 13 Marion,Jenny 20
l' Memorial Park 2,4 @ footnote 8,5 @
Weaver Street 6 @footnote 13, Marraffmo,Joe 51
MacLeod,Jennifer 56 footnote 12,22 and @ footnote 45,
, (Diforio lands)27 Marraffmo,Sandra 40-41,51,52,63,64,69,114
Malcolm Pirnie 88,93,109-110 28
Winged Foot Drive 6 @footnote 13 Martin,Christina 59
Mamaroneck Council on the Arts 38 Station Park 5 @ footnote 12
Mamaroneck-Larchmont Heritage Inc. 13 Planning Board 20 @ footnote 41,22 Woody Lane 6 @ footnote 13 Martin,Jill 59
Town Board/Council 3,4,5, 10, 12,13 @ footnote Mason,C.Alan 34
204
205
i
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation O'Keeffe,Valerie(Supervisor)45 @ footnote 85
Mason,Eileen 29 Workshop 48
20,21,25,28,31,88,92,99, 109, 110-111, 113 and @ Open Space Action Committee 7
Matcovsky,Carol 46 National Parks
D B ce 48 footnote 160 Open Space Preservation 19
l McClellan,Mrs.S.A.85 @ footnote 117
Grand Canyon 48 Albany 110 Oppenheimer,Suzi(State Senator)45
McDevitt,Paul 39 Danskin,George-Conservation biologist 95 @ Organic Waste(also see Recycling) 17,Appendix VII
McKenna,Susan 62 Zion 48 footnote 132 O'Rourke,Andrew(County Executive) 115
Medwick,Maury 88 National Marine Fisheries Service 110
Meiskin,Milton 18 @ footnote 33 National Wildlife Federation 83 Freshwater Wetlands Permit 88 Citizens'Committee 115
Hamilton,Chuck-Chief of Marine Regulatory Ottinger,Richard Congressman 60
Merigliano,Margaret 67 Native Plants 65
Section 62 Owens,Marie 46
Merigliano,Michael 67
Natural Resources Conservation Service 19,99
New Paltz 111
Merson,Ruth 48 Natural Resources Inventory 20
Meyers,Harold 36 @ footnote 69
Nature Council(Lazchmont-Mamaroneck) 10 and footnote Priority Waterbodies List 90 Pace University Law School
Y Project WILD Aquatic 47 Community Leadership Alliance Program also see
Miles David 56
18, 13 and footnote 26, 14, Appendix III 9 Y P g
Navarro,Bradley 56 Protection of Water Permit 110 Nolan,John) 118
Miller,Colonel 39
State Pollution Discharge Elimination System Palmer Avenue Civic Association 20
Miller,Dorothy C.4 @footnote 6 Nealon,
Thomas 33
Y
�j Millers Toys 39 New Britain Children's Museum 17 permit 110 Palmer Family 101
Milstein,Diane 40
Newcomers'Club 69 Stony Brook 109 Pearson,Jean 50
Tidal Wetlands Permit 110 Pelham 116
Model,Alan 39,48 New England Thruway(I 95)3,5, 19
New Rochelle,City of 2 5-6, 12,89,92, 101, 105, 116, Water Quality Certification Permit 110 Pelham Recreation and Parks Department 69
,
Model,Alice 46,48,58 New York Department of State 72, 104, 109, 116 Pelham Manor 116
II Monroe House 42 117-118 and @footnote 175
1 Cit Council 109 Consistency approval 110 Peron,Jean 65
Monroe Nursery School 22 @ footnote 45 Y a€
Moody,William 38 Resolution of Cooperation 109 Secretary of State Gail Shaffer 35,73, 105 Peters,Michael 57
New York State Legislation Pinchot Institute For Conservation 3 and @ footnote 5, 18
Morgener,Richard 56 Schools
Barnard 70 Coastal Zone Management 104 Pine Brook 2, 12,23,25-26,45, 101, 105, 107, 116
Morley,James 12 @ footnote 23
Streets/Areas Environmental Conservation 103 Boom 98
Morse,Birgit 100
Beechmont Lake 26 Pesticides 23 Place,Richard 38
Moses,Fred 61 Solid Waste Management Act 28 Planned Parenthood 36,37
Mott,Peter 108 Burling Brook 116
Carpenter Pond 89 State Environmental Quality Review(SEQRA) Plumez,Jean-Paul32
Moyle,Dr.John 80, 107, 108 Article 8-23,74,96, 104 Polera,Cindy 53,67
Muir,John 2 Cherry Lawn Condominiums 23
Davids Island 23,44 Tidal Wetlands Article 25- 104 Pound,Charles 4 @ footnote 6
Mumford,Deborah 47 Map 604-530, 104 Powers,Ralph 33
Mumma,Richard 36 @ footnote 69 Dickerman's Pond 82,89
Dogwood Lane 112 Waterfront Revitalization and Coastal Resources Premium Conservation Area 2,22, 103, 105-106, 107-108,
Munich,Marty 38 72, 105 111
Mummo,Carolyn 33 Emerson Point Estates,Emerson Avenue 23,
Significant Coastal Fish and Wildlife Entranceway 111-112,Appendix XXIV
105, 106 and @footnote 154
Munno,Nancy 65 Habitats 105 Premium Marsh 21,25,26,59,60 103, 108
Munzer,Martha 3, 10,17 Gaillard Place 106 @ footnote 154
Water Resources Article 15- 104 Premium Mill Pond 26, 101, 103, 106, 107
Murphy,Thomas 45 @ footnote 85 MacLeay Housing Project 23
Pine Brook Boulevard 4 @ footnote 6,6 @ New York State Legislature 78 Grist Mill 101
Naar,David 53,68
footnote 13,82 New York State Thruway and Authority 5,88 Premium Point 101, 105-106
Pine Brook Boulevard lot 77-78,92 Nicita,William 12 @footnote 23 Premium River 2,23,25 @footnote 51,26,98, 101, 103,
Nagle,Robert 46
Noise 19 108-111, 116
National Audubon Society 7
Pryer Manor Road(part) 112 i
Ste henson Brook 116 Nolan,John(Professor) 119 Doherty property 102
Audubon Camps 48 also see L.I.F.E.Summer P
NormanPeggyDredging
38 107, 109-111
Wildcliff 48
Scholarships
Norwood,Dr.Otty 36 Central LIS dump site(CT) 109
Bronx River-Sound Shore Audubon Society 114 Newton,Caroline 63
Novicki,Michael 32 Taylors Lane 111
Cooperative Sanctuary Program 69
New York Botanical Garden
Nature Centers Division 7 John Albert 60 Town of Ramapo Landfill Sloatsburg 111
New York Sea Grant Extension Program 32 O'Brien,Dee 38 Upstate New York Landfill 111
Report 18 O'Flinn,Kathleen(Councilwoman)28,63,64,65 Restoration grant(also see Grants) 109
Scarsdall e 69 New York State Coastal Management Program 26
206 207
Premium River(continued) Rainier,Dorothy 45,47,48,51,58, 63,65,66,68,70, Sarfaty,Jr.,James 32 Parent Teachers Association 69
Sewage Pumping Station 102 107 Savolt,Kathy 45 @ footnote 85,67 Recycle Our Waste(ROW)Program 30,37
Premium River Coordinating Committee 103,Appendix Raskin,Marvin 12 @ footnote 23 Scarsdale,Town/Village of and Herbert Golden
XXI Real Estate Board 6 Golden Horseshoe 23 Science Department and Dr.Myrna Thomas
Premium River Properties Recycling 23,28-31,39-40,48,52,59,63,64 Scheffler,Michael 32 26
Master Park Plan and Program Study of Aluminum 31,48 Scherm,Albert 12 @ footnote 23 SEED-School Environmental Education
Premium River Properties 103,Appendix A Practical Guide to Recycling in Mamaroneck Scheuer,Joan 36 @ footnote 69 Design-Kennelly&Judy Fish 37
XXII and Larchmont 28 Schirmer,Martha 36 Students Working Against Man's Pollution
Planning Associates of West Citizens to Promote Recycling 64 Schools (SWAMP)30,50
Hempstead,NY 103 Conference 37,60 Back to School Nights 50 Murray Avenue and teacher Hy Papierman,26,
Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex 105, 106 Glass 30 Bellows 50 31,39,66
Feasibility Study(also see grants) 109 Penny-a-Bottle Program 31 Board of Education 6,8, 10,11,36,39,97,103 4d'grade class 76
Geographic Area of Particular Concern 104 Bottle Bounty Day 62 Central School 14,43,59,65,66,69 Kindergarten 51
Significant Habitat Premium Salt Marsh Leaf Composting 30 5d'grade class 53 S.C.R.A.P.60
Complex 105-106,112 MURF(Materials Recovery Facility Recycling Kindergarten 51 Parochial 9
Premium River Pine Brook Preservation Association(PPPA) Center)47,69 Lunch Club 53 Pengilly School 50
31,43,62,64, 106-108,106 @ footnote 154, 111, 112,114 Paper 29-30,39,50 Parent Teachers Assoc.(PTA)66 PEARLS School-Yonkers 66
@ footnote 165,Appendix XXIII Recycalert Contest 61,69 Chatsworth Avenue 31,39,65,69 Pre-School Programs 48-49
Bird lists 107 Recycling Poster Contest 52 and footnote 91, After School Clubs 53 "Mommy and Me"49
Bird observers 107 Appendix XV 4'grade class 76,78 Nature Program 48
Christmas Bird Counts 108 Task Force 28 Kindergarten 51 Toddler Club 48
Coast Week celebrations 107,108 Redwood Nurseries 45 2nd grade 53 Programs(School),locations and classes 49-54
Lorenzen Park 107 Reid,Ogden Commissioner DEC 59,609 72 Elementary 14 Nature Clubs 52
Marsh at Oak Avenue 108 Richards,Peggy Ann 56 Holy Trinty 50 Vacation Nature Clubs 53
Point Road beach 107 Riggs,Melanie 47 Hommocks 26,31 and Teacher Robert Kurz,44 Parent Teacher Council 6
Trinity Retreat 107-108 Rigano,Joseph 85 AWARE 48 PTA Representatives-see Appendix XIII
Members Appendix XXUI Rilley,James 12 @ footnote 23 Ecology Club 37 Public Schools 9-10,12-13,17-18
Premium River-Pine Brook Wetlands Complex 105-106, Robinson,Bill 63 Hommocks Shakespeare Players 38 Ranger Rick 50,51,52
112 Robinson,Brian 67 SEA-WASP 48 Rye Neck 48,51
Feasibility Study of Remedial Actions 109 Rogers,Marion 56 Service Club 65 Rye Neck Middle School 51
Pryer Manor Association 106 @ footnote 154, 112 and @ Roosevelt,President Franklin 85 In-service Training Course 14 St.John's Episcopal Church
footnote 157 Work relief 85 Junior High School 11 Nursery School-Larchmont 51
Pryer Manor Marsh 112-114,112 @ footnote 159,113 @ Roosevelt,President Theodore 2 and @ footnote 3,3 @ Mamaroneck Avenue 49,51,66 St.Margarets Guild 37
footnotes 160 and 161,114 @ footnotes 162-164 footnote 5 4"Grade 60 Youth Group 66
Bird inventory 114 and @ footnote 165 Rosenblum,Jordy 33 Eco-Kids 49 St.Thomas'Church 50
Pryer Manor Marsh Preservation Association 1114 ft.note 157 Rossinoff,Bruce 12 @ footnote 23 Kindergarten 51 Sts.John and Paul 66
Prezioso,Dr.Sal 4 Rotary Club 37,69 old 81 KEEPS Program 65 Superintendent of Schools 97
Price,Elaine(Supervisor)45, 115 Rundell,Chief Engineer County Work Relief 85 Mamaroneck High School(Senior H.S.) 10 @ footnote 18, S.W.A.M.P.Students Working Against Man's
Project Riverwatch 81 and @ footnote 111, 108 Rye,City of 2 11,25-269 39,50,60 Pollution 50
Pryer,John 101 Jay Property 23 Art Festival 50 SWAS School Within A School 50
Pryer Manor Marshlands Conservancy 70 Ecology Club 37 "Teacher Mom"50
Description 101 Family Bird Walk 60 Environmental Outdoor Laboratory 20 Teachers 14,53
Pryer's Bridge("Red Bridge") 101,107 Rye Presbyterian Church 69 Environmental Studies Class 20,29 and Ward School-New Rochelle 52
Mrs.Kennelly Westchester Ethical Society Nursery School
Quinn,Gregg 66 Saltzburg,Irene 45,49,52,58,69 Palmer Avenue Outdoor Environmental Lab White Plains 51
Sanders,Samantha 33 18,38 Schlick,Jr.,Calvert 18 @ footnote 33
208 209
l
Schork,Carol 46,60 Stern,Elizabeth(Liz)40,45,70
Vail,Larry 60 Westchester County(continued)
Schriver,Joanne 59,63 Stevenson,Virginia(Ginger)52,56,62
Vandernoot,Joseph 39,44 Parkway 3
Schriver,Phil 59 Stewart,David 18 @ footnote 33
Varvayanis,John 117-118 Sanitary Sewer Commission 102
Schwabach,James Bruce 12 @ footnote 23 Stewart,Mrs.George E.4 @ footnote 6
Venezia,Marie 46 Saxon Woods Park
Schwartz,Trudy 46 Storm Drain Stenciling 32
Verni,Chris 45 @footnote 85 Study of Saxon Woods 70
Sclater,Ranald 18 Straub,George E. 13
Vestner,Penny 46 Soil and Water Conservation District 19,79,93,
Scoop,Daniel,his,Lee 66 Straub,Mrs.Robert 4 @ footnote 6
Vincent.Mrs.Rex W. 11 999 117
Selditch,Dianne 34 Strauss,Margaret(Margie)38 @ footnote 75,45,48,60, Volk,Irma 24 @ footnote 49,46,479 50,559 589 69 Streamwalk Program 117(also see Chazney),
Seligson,Nancy(Councilwoman)115,118 61969 Volk,Shelley 47,539 68
Appendix XXVI
Stahlmiller,Peter and Robert 12 @footnote 23
Sether,Hallie 54,93 Volunteer Naturalist Program 37 Solid Waste District Organic Yazd Waste
Bowes,Jo Ann 93 Stuurop,Donna 70
1 SUNY Purchase 25,41,59>60,66 Program 31
i Masterson,Nancy Sether 93 Wachs,Catherine 53
Source Separation Law 30
Environmental Science Program 82
Sether,J.Wendell 93 Ward Associates 97
Westchester County Association,Inc.37
Operation Riverwatch 27
Sether Woods 54,93 Warmy,Jr.,Peter 68 Westchester Joint Water Works 42
Shabasson,Andrew 33 Also see Dexter,Barbara-Steineck,Paul-Utter, Warnecke,Mildred 46,48,50,61,68,69 Westchester Municipal Planning Federation 37
Sheldrake Environmental Center(also see L.I.F.E.Center) James
Warnecke,Wendy 56 Wetlands and Watercourses 25-26
34,45,91 Svoboda,Sue 62 Wasserberg,Emily 32 Wetlands and Watercourses,Coastal Management 26-27
Members-Appendix XIII Swort,Mrs.Edmund 18 Watershed Advisory Committee(WAC 3) 116 @ footnote White Plains,City of 2,37
Sheldrake River 2,6 @ footnote 13,12,21,23-27,25 @ Swort,Rene 46 168 Willey,John 32
footnote 51,45,66,67,90,98, 116 { Watershed Advisory Committee 4(WAC 4)99,115 @ Williams,Marietta 60
Hydrological Study Tarantino,Mary Ann 46 `
y g y 79 footnote 166,116-117,Appendix XXV Wirsneck,Robert 66
and Leatherstocking Trails Conservation Areas 7 Tarantino,Jeffrey 33 Watershed Advisory Committee 5(WAC 5)113 @ Wolff,Stephen 10 @ footnote 20
I
@ footnote 15,11 @ footnote 22,22 Taylor,Jack 98 footnote 161, 115 @ footnote 166, 116,Appendix XXV Women's Club 6,68,69
Restoration Projects 90 Blasland Bouck and Lee Engineers 98
Wax,Randal 56 Lazchmont 48
Trails 8-9, 10,11 and @ footnote 18,17,22,33, Tepley,Nancy 66
Weeden,Alan 11 Wood,Arthur 12 @footnote 23
58,67 Terrell,Walter 59
Weinberger,Bea 53 Wood,Philip S. 13
Walk Book 9,14 Thorn,Laura 63
Westchester Community Foundation 45-46 WPA 86
Watershed Tohn,Ellen 56
Westchester County 30,92,118
Description 75 Tomecek,Stephen 106 @ footnote 154 Beautification Award 62 @ footnote 97,82 Young,Herrick 59
Lecture series 82 Tony's Nurseries 45,63,101
Board of Supervisors 5 and footnote 10 Young,Irma Cook 54
Mapping project 92 Treumen,Kirsten 32
pp g p j Charles Point Resource Recovery Facility 31 Young,Toby 46
Shinmer,Duke 50 Tripoli,Pat 48,61
Comprehensive Recreation Survey 5 @footnote
Shoumatoff,Nicholas 46,60 Troy,Margaret 46 11
I Zackman,Odin 56
Silverstone,Carolyn(Councilwoman) 107 Tse,Linette 53
Croton Point Landfill 28-29 Zalachin,Donna 46
Simmons,Andrew 63,65 Twomey,Paul 50 i
Departments Zappala,Krystin 57
Simon,Harry 8,24 Health 24,88 Zappala,John 10 @ footnote 20,32,48
j Sineti,Don 62 United States Army Corps of Engineers 23,109-110
i Planning 5 and @ footnote 11,19,89,99,
Siwanoy Indians 101 United States Department of Agriculture(USDA) 19
115-117
Smith,Eleanor 39 Natural Resources Conservation Service 117
Environmental Planner,Sabrina Chazney
Smith&Hawkins 45 United States Environmental Protection Agency 110,115 117
Soltecz,Ken(Edith Read Sanctuary)47 Environmental Quality Award 117
Public Works 102
Stanton,Maria Del Guercio 65 Long Island Sound Office 99
} Parks and Recreation Commission 4 and
Stein,Zachary 33 United States Fish and Wildlife Service 110 I
f � footnotes 6 and 9,5 and footnote 11
Steineck,Paul 25,59,108 United States Small Business Administration 111
Award to L.I.F.E.62
Sterbenz,Anne 20,56 Utter,James 25,59,60,96,97
i; Park Commissioner 4 and footnote 6,5 @
5terbenz,Nancy 34,55 � footnote 11
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